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Spray,droplet evaporation,combustion,and emission characteristics of future transport fuels for compression-ignition engines:A review

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Journal of traffic and transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 575-613页

作者： Leang So Khuong Nozomu hashimoto Osamu Fujita division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8628Japan Faculty of Automotive Engineering National Polytechnic Institute of CambodiaPhnom Penh 120901Cambodia

this review examines the potential of hydrogen,ammonia,and biodiesel as alternative fuels,focusing on spray dynamics,droplet evaporation,combustion,and *** offers superior combustion characteristics but faces challenges in NO_(x)*** like nonpremixed direct injection,increased intake boost pressure,and low-pressure EGR are suggested for robust hydrogen combustion in compression-ignition *** of hydrogen start of injection(SOI)and water injection(WI)are identified as effective techniques for reducing NO_(x)*** shows inferior combustion and higher NO_(x)and unburned NH_(3)emissions in the same conditions as conventional fuels with conventional *** ammonia spray and evaporation conditions is significant for optimizing an ammonia-air mixture and minimizing wall impingement and ammonia trap in the crevice,thereby improving combustion and emission *** intake pressure,injection pressure,and EGR rate,employing a turbulent jet,and preheating ammonia improve efficiency and reduce NO_(x)*** ammonia combustion requires the implementation of after-treatment systems such as NH_(3)adsorber and de NO_(x)catalysts to mitigate unburned NH_(3)and NO_(x)*** affects the fuel supply system,combustion,and emission characteristics according to its viscosity and *** injection pressure and blending with volatile fuels enhance spray and *** biodiesel preheating temperatures for the injection pump and injector are crucial for achieving the best pump capacity and spray *** utilizing biodiesel-POdE blends and investigating low-temperature biodiesel combustions,there is potential to improve thermal efficiency and PMNO_(x)***,carbon-neutral fuel adoption should be accelerated to mitigate CO_(2)emissions,highlighting the importance of combustion techniques and emissions reduction strategies.

关键词： Carbon-neutral fuels Spray formation droplet evaporation Injection strategies Combustion efficiency Emission reduction

Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： N.d.NGUYEN t.N.NGUYEN Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of Engineering and technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

this study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(td)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBt)

Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEdAR)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： t.I.tOLUWALOJU C.K.tHEIN d.HALIM department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

the levered-dual response(LEdAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEdAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

Advancing Wound Filling Extraction on 3d Faces:An Auto-Segmentation and Wound Face Regeneration Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2197-2214页

作者： duong Q.Nguyen thinh d.Le Phuong d.Nguyen Nga t.K.Le H.Nguyen-Xuan department of Mathematics and Statistics Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam Applied Research Institute for Science and technology Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam CIRtECH Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City72308Viet Nam

Facial wound segmentation plays a crucial role in preoperative planning and optimizing patient outcomes in various medical *** this paper,we propose an efficient approach for automating 3d facial wound segmentation using a two-stream graph convolutional *** method leverages the Cir3d-FaIR dataset and addresses the challenge of data imbalance through extensive experimentation with different loss *** achieve accurate segmentation,we conducted thorough experiments and selected a high-performing model from the *** selectedmodel demonstrates exceptional segmentation performance for complex 3d facial ***,based on the segmentation model,we propose an improved approach for extracting 3d facial wound fillers and compare it to the results of the previous *** method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 0.9999993% on the test suite,surpassing the performance of the previous *** this result,we use 3d printing technology to illustrate the shape of the wound *** outcomes of this study have significant implications for physicians involved in preoperative planning and intervention *** automating facial wound segmentation and improving the accuracy ofwound-filling extraction,our approach can assist in carefully assessing and optimizing interventions,leading to enhanced patient ***,it contributes to advancing facial reconstruction techniques by utilizing machine learning and 3d bioprinting for printing skin tissue *** source code is available at https://***/SIMOGroup/WoundFilling3d.

关键词： 3d printing technology face reconstruction 3d segmentation 3d printed model

SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCd370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons d.J.Hall O.Hetherington t.W.Buggey t.Arnold M.W.J.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCd370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCds have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCd soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

Clinical validation of the early embryo viability assessment system: Analysis for the blastocyst morphology and pregnancy outcomes

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第5期13卷 219-227页

作者： Vu d Hop An M Cuong Phi t t Anh Nguyen t L Huong Le Hoang Nguyen V Hanh Assisted Reproductive technology Centre Tam Anh General HospitalHanoiVietnam Institute of Biotechnology Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoiVietnam

Objective:to determine the relationship between the early embryo viability assessment(EEVA)and blastocyst morphological parameters and pregnancy ***:this retrospective cohort study was conducted on 291 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles including 2522 embryos with indications of prolonging embryo culture to the blastocyst stage in the Genea embryo review incubator,and 511 single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer cycles from January 2020 to June *** EEVA system produced an EEVA score from E1(best)to E5(worse)for the potential of blastocyst *** morphology was *** association between the EEVA score and each type of blastocyst morphology,implantation rate,clinical pregnancy,and ongoing pregnancy were assessed using generalized estimating ***:the inner cell mass A(ICM A),trophectoderm A(tE A),blastocoele expansion degree of 3,4,5,6,7 rates were higher with lower the EEVA *** adjusted odd ratio(aOR)(E5 vs E1)was 0.3 for ICM A,0.174 for tE A and 0.210 for BL3,4,5,6,7(all Pting a significant association between lower EEVA scores and improved embryo *** implantation,clinical pregnancy,and ongoing pregnancy rate were also higher with lower the EEVA *** aOR of E5 vs E1 was 0.245 for implantation,0.185 for clinical pregnancy and 0.200 for ongoing pregnancy rate(Pthere were associations between blastocyst morphology,pregnancy outcome and EEVA *** good blastocyst morphology and pregnancy outcomes are higher with lower the EEVA score.

关键词： Automated embryo assessment Blastocyst Early embryo viability assessment Genea embryo review incubator

Facile synthesis of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian t.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail E.Smith Jian Ye Zachary d.Schultz department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot engineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SERS signals remains challenging due to the potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SERS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synthesize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBt)as a reporter molecule within these gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which the nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit the highest SERS *** advantage of our method is the ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBt and quick synthesis without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for the purification of core *** intense localized field in the synthesized hot spots of these plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SERS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot engineering surface enhanced Raman scattering intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

Forecasting of tropical cyclones ASANI(2022)and MOCHA(2023)over the Bay of Bengal-real time challenges to forecasters

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tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2024年第2期13卷 88-112页

作者： S.d.Kotal t.Arulalan M.Mohapatra India Meteorological department Ministry of Earth ScienceGovernment of IndiaNew DelhiIndia

this study examines the track and intensity forecasts of two typical Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones(tC)ASANI and *** analysis of various Numerical Weather Prediction(NWP)model forecasts[ECMWF(European Centre for Medium range Weather Forecast),NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction),NCUM(National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast-Uniﬁed Model),IMd(India Meteorological department),HWRF(Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting)],MME(Multi-model Ensemble),SCIP(Statistical Cyclone Intensity Prediction)model,and OFCL(Ofﬁcial)forecasts shows that intensity forecasts of ASANI and track forecasts of MOCHA were reasonably good,but there were large errors and wide variation in track forecasts of ASANI and in intensity forecasts of *** all model forecasts,the track forecast errors of IMd model and MME were least in general for ASANI and MOCHA ***,the landfall point forecast errors of IMd were least for ASANI,and the MME and OFCL forecast errors were least for *** model is found to be consistently better for landfall time forecast for ASANI,and the errors of ECMWF,IMd and HWRF were least and of same order for *** intensity forecast errors of OFCL and SCIP were least for ASANI,and the forecast errors of HWRF,IMd,NCEP,SCIP and OFCL were comparable and least for MOCHA up to 48 h forecast and HWRF errors were least thereafter in *** ECMWF model forecast errors for intensity were found to be highest for both the *** results also show that although there is signiﬁcant improvement of track forecasts and limited or no improvement of intensity forecast in previous decades but challenges still persists in real time forecasting of both track and intensity due to wide variation and inconsistency of model forecasts for different tC cases.

关键词： tropical cyclone track forecast Intensity forecast NWP model Bay of Bengal North Indian Ocean

Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the t-10 tokamak

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Plasma Science and technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KRUPIN M.R.NURGALIEV A.R.NEMEtS I.A.ZEMtSOV S.d.SUNtSOV t.B.MYALtON d.S.SERGEEV N.A.SOLOVEV d.V.SARYCHEV d.V.RYJAKOV S.N.tUGARINOV N.N.NAUMENKO National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman Moscow State technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ItER” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOLAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the t-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. to study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. the EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. the scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. the high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio te/ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. the combination of high te/ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport