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Prostate cancer genotyping for risk stratification and precision treatment

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Current Urology 2024年第2期18卷 87-97页

作者： Ashish A.kumar department of Urology York&Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustYorkUK

Prostate cancer(PC)is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in *** is heterogeneous,as is evident from the wide spectrum of therapeutic *** patients with PC are initially responsive to androgen deprivation therapy;however,themajority of cases are either hormone-sensitive PC or castration-resistant *** therapeutic protocols follow the evolution of PC,a continuously progressive process involving a combination of widespread genomic *** genomic alterations are either hereditary germline mutations,such as mutations in BRCA2,or specific only to tumor cells(somatic).Tumor-specific genomic spectra include genomic structural rearrangements,canonical androgen response genes,andmany other specific genes such as TMPRSS2-ERG fusion,SPOP/FOXA1,TP53/RB1/PTEN,*** evidence indicates the involvement of signaling pathways including PI3K,WNT/β-catenin,SRC,and il-6/STAT,which have been shown to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition cancer stem cell–like features/stemness,and neuroendocrine differentiation in *** the last decade,our understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationships has been enhanced *** genetic background of PC related to canonical genetic alterations and signaling pathway activation genes has shed more insight into the molecular subtype and disease landscape,resulting in a more flexible role of individual therapies targeting diverse genotypes and phenotypes.

关键词： Prostate cancer Prostate cancer treatment Prostate cancer genomics Hereditary prostate cancer Androgen deprivation therapy Hormone sensitive prostate cancer Kinase signaling

Artificial Intelligence for Maximizing Agricultural Input Use Efficiency: Exploring Nutrient, Water and Weed Management Strategies

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1569-1598页

作者： Sumit Sow Shivani Ranjan Mahmoud F.Seleiman Hiba M.Alkharabsheh Mukesh kumar Navnit kumar Smruti Ranjan Padhan dhirendra kumar Roy dibyajyoti Nath Harun Gitari daniel O.Wasonga department of Agronomy Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia department of Crop Sciences Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversityShibin El-Kom32514Egypt department of Water Resources and Environmental Management Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyAl Balqa Applied UniversitySalt19117Jordan division of Agronomy ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstitutePusa CampusNew Delhi110012India department of Soil Science Dr.Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural UniversityPusaSamastipurBihar848125India department of Agricultural Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesKenyatta UniversityNairobi43844Kenya department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Agriculture plays a crucial role in the economy,and there is an increasing global emphasis on automating agri-cultural *** the tremendous increase in population,the demand for food and employment has also increased signiﬁ*** methods traditionally used to meet these requirements are no longer ade-quate,requiring solutions to issues such as excessive herbicide use and the use of chemical *** of technologies such as the Internet of Things,wireless communication,machine learning,artiﬁcial intelligence(AI),and deep learning shows promise in addressing these ***,there is a lack of comprehensive documentation on the application and potential of AI in improving agricultural input efﬁ*** address this gap,a desk research approach was used by utilizing peer-reviewed electronic databases like PubMed,Scopus,Goo-gle Scholar,Web of Science,and Science direct for relevant *** of 327 initially identiﬁed articles,180 were deemed pertinent,focusing primarily on AI’s potential in enhancing yield through better management of nutrients,water,and *** into account researchﬁndings worldwide,we found that AI technologies could assist farmers by providing recommendations on the optimal nutrients to enhance soil quality and deter-mine the best time for irrigation or herbicide *** present status of AI-driven automation in agricul-ture holds signiﬁcant promise for optimizing agricultural input utilization and reducing resource waste,particularly in the context of three pillars of crop management,i.e.,nutrient,irrigation,and weed management.

关键词： Agriculture artiﬁcial intelligence crop management nutrient irrigation weed management resource use efﬁciency

Biological perspectives in geotechnics:Application and monitoring

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2854-2878页

作者： Partha Narayan Mishra Surabhi Jain Thierry Bore ilhan Chang Yeong-Man Kwon Yijie Wang Hirak Ranjan dash Ashutosh kumar Satyam Tiwari Ningjun Jiang Sarat kumar das Alexander Scheuermann department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016India School of Civil Engineering University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DhanbadDhanbad826004India department of Civil System Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon-si16499Republic of Korea School of Engineering and IT University of New South WalesCanberraACT2600Australia department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina National Forensic Sciences University New Delhi110085India Southeast University Nanjing211189China

This paper builds on exploring the applications of biomediated pathways to solve geotechnical ***,the state of the art of biological remediation strategies including microbial remediation and phytoremediation have been introduced and critically reviewed in the context of decontaminating the ***,biopolymerisation,biomineralisation and bioneutralisation processes have been depicted with a special emphasis on the applications including but not limited to soil stabilisation,soil erosion prevention,anti-desertification and pH *** of these methods have their own limitations and bottlenecks while scaling up,and these challenges have been summarised and some possible paths to overcome the challenges have also been *** state of the art of electromagnetic(EM)monitoring methods to capture the effects of biomediation on spatio-temporal soil properties are then highlighted as a non-invasive and rapid pathway to track the progress of biomediated soil ***,each of the technologies discussed have been evaluated for their maturity level using the principles of technology readiness level(TRL).A majority of the technologies amounting to around 77%are still in the TRL 4e7,*** the valley of *** is thus evident that development of these technologies needs to be supported with appropriate funding for improving their maturity to a level of industrial deployment.

关键词： Biogeotechnics Bioremediation Phytoremediation Biopolymers Biomineralisation Electromagnetic(EM)methods technology readiness level(TRL)

Effects of methionine supplementation in a reduced protein diet on growth performance, oxidative status, intestinal health, oocyst shedding, and methionine and folate metabolism in broilers under Eimeria challenge

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1951-1979页

作者： Guanchen Liu Venkata Sesha Reddy Choppa Milan kumar Sharma Hanseo Ko Janghan Choi Woo Kyun Kim department of Poultry Science University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA

Background This study investigated effects of different methionine(Met)supplementation levels in a reduced protein diet on growth performance,intestinal health,and different physiological parameters in broilers under Eimeria challenge.A total of 600 fourteen-day-old Cobb500 male broilers were challenged with ***,***,and ***,and randomly allocated in a 2×5 factorial *** received normal protein diets(20%crude protein,NCP)or reduced protein diets(17%crude protein,LCP),containing 2.8,4.4,6.0,7.6,and 9.2 g/kg of *** On 6 and 9 days post inoculation(dPI),increasing Met level linearly improved the growth performance(Pdding linearly increased as Met level increased(Pduodenal villus height(VH):crypt depth(Cd)in the LCP groups were higher on 6 dPI(Pile lower on 9 dPI(Pd to the NCP *** Cd and duodenal VH:Cd changed quadratically as Met level increased(PdPI,liver glutathione(GSH)and glutathione disulfide(GSSG)linearly increased as Met level increased(PdPI,GSSG quadratically increased,whereas GSH:GSSG quadratically decreased as Met levels increased(Pd transporters linearly decreased as Met level increased(Pdens 2 and claudin-1 linearly increased on 6 dPI whereas decreased on 9 dPI as Met level increased(Pd for the expression of il-10 and TNFαon 6 dPI(Pd quadratically in the NCP group as Met level *** expression of Met and folate metabolism genes were lower in the LCP groups than the NCP groups on 9 dPI(Pdratically decreased as Met level increased(Pd the regulatory roles of Met in different physiological parameters including oxidative stat

关键词： Broiler Coccidiosis Eimeria Intestinal health Methionine

Intestinal lymphangiectasia:Understanding the bigger picture

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3298-3303页

作者： Sudheer Marrapu Ramesh kumar department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Intestinal lymphangiectasia(il)is characterized by the dilation of intestinal lymphatic vessels,which can rupture and cause loss of lymph into the *** to the high content of proteins,lipoproteins,and lymphocytes in the intestinal lymph,loss of lymph might result in hypoproteinemia,hypoalbuminemia,hypogammaglobulinemia,and *** addition,there may be a depletion of minerals,lipids,and fat-soluble *** can be primary due to inherent malfunctioning of the lymphatic system,or secondly,a result of various factors that may hinder lymphatic drainage either directly or *** condition has emerged as a subject of significant clinical *** that the intestinal lymphatic system plays an important role in the body’s fluid homeostasis,adaptive immunity,nutrient and drug absorption,intestinal transport,and systemic metabolism,its dysfunction may have wider *** primary il is rare,with varied clinical features,complications,treatment response,and outcomes,secondary il is more common than previously *** definitive diagnosis of il requires endoscopic demonstration of whitish villi(which frequently resemble snowflakes)and histological confirmation of dilated lacteals in the small intestinal *** of il is challenging and involves dietary modifications,managing underlying medical conditions,and using medications such as sirolimus and *** its prevalence and diverse etiology is crucial for targeted management of this challenging medical *** article provides a comprehensive exploration of the clinical implications associated with *** addition,it offers valuable insights into critical knowledge gaps in the existing diagnostic and management landscape.

关键词： Intestinal lymphatics Lymphangiectasia Waldman's disease Lacteals Lymph

Efficacy of stromal vascular fraction for knee osteoarthritis:A prospective,single-centre,non-randomized study with 2 years follow-up

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 457-468页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Naveen Jeyaraman Tarun Jayakumar Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Rajni Ranjan Saurabh kumar Jha Ashim Gupta department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine South Texas Orthopaedic Research InstituteLaredoTX 78045United States department of Orthopaedics KIMS-Sunshine HospitalHyderabadTelangana 500032India department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennaiTamil Nadu 600002India department of Orthopaedics School of Medical Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201306India department of Zoology Kalindi CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110008India department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Regenerative OrthopaedicsNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine Future BiologicsLawrencevilleGA 30043United States department of Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine BioIntegrateLawrencevilleGA 30043United States

BACKGROUNd Current osteoarthritis(OA)treatments focus on symptom relief without addressing the underlying disease *** regenerative medicine,current treatments have *** regenerative medicine,more research is needed for intra-articular stromal vascular fraction(SVF)injections in OA,including dosage optimization,long-term efficacy,safety,comparisons with other treatments,and mechanism *** To compare the efficacy of intra-articular SVF with corticosteroid(ICS)injections in patients with primary knee *** The study included 50 patients with Kellgren-Lawrence grades II and III *** were randomly assigned(1:1)to receive either a single intra-articular SVF injection(group A)or a single intra-articular ICS(triamcinolone)(group B)*** were followed up at 1,3,6,12,and 24 *** analog score(VAS)and International Knee documentation Committee(IKdC)scores were administered before the procedure and at all *** safety of SVF in terms of adverse and severe adverse events was *** analysis was performed with SPSS Version 26.0,IBM Corp,Chicago,il,United *** Both groups had similar demographics and baseline clinical ***-up showed minor patient loss,resulting in 23 and 24 in groups A and B *** A experienced a notable reduction in pain,with VAS scores decreasing from 7.7 to 2.4 over 24 months,compared to a minor reduction from 7.8 to 6.2 in Group *** difference in pain reduction in group A was statistically significant from the third month ***,Group A showed significant improvements in knee functionality,with IKdC scores rising from 33.4 to 83.10,whereas Group B saw a modest increase from 36.7 to *** improvement in Group A was statistically significant from 6 months and maintained through 24 *** Our study demonstrated that intra-articular administration of SVF can lead to reduced pain and improved knee function in pa

关键词： Knee osteoarthritis Adipose tissue Stromal vascular fraction Regenerative medicine Orthobiologics

Genes linked to obesity-related infertility:bridging the knowledge gap

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Reproductive and developmental Medicine 2024年第2期8卷 121-129页

作者： Praveen kumar Chandra Sekar Ramakrishnan Veerabathiran Human Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory Faculty of Allied Health SciencesChettinad Academy of Research and EducationKelambakkamTamil Nadu 603103India

Genetic factors play a pivotal role in the complex relationship between obesity and *** article delves into the genetics of obesity-related infertility,focusing on the essential genes and mechanisms in both *** explored infertility factors in obese females,focusing on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and the influence of genes like insulin receptor(INSR),androgen receptor(AR),and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR).Epigenetic changes are believed to contribute to PCOS-related *** impact of adipokines and inflammation on obesity-related infertility has been discussed,with genes such as fat mass and obesity(FTO)and melanocortin-4-receptor(MC4R)playing significant *** factors affecting sperm quality and function,including nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1(NR3C1)and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR),have been investigated in obesity-related infertility in *** dysregulation influenced by genetic markers,such as leptin receptor(LEPR),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(il-6),was also *** factors play a vital role in obesity-related infertility in both *** involved in metabolism,hormonal regulation,and inflammation contribute to the complex association between obesity and *** changes further complicate the *** these genetic mechanisms is essential to address obesity-related infertility and develop personalized interventions.

关键词： Obesity Infertility PCOS dNA methylation Epigenetics

Sand-polished Kapton film and aluminum as source of electron transfer triboelectric nanogenerator through vertical contact separation mode

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第1期11卷 38-46页

作者： Ravi kumar Cheedarala Jung il Song Research Institute of Mechatronics Department of Mechanical EngineeringChangwon National UniversityUichang-guChangwon CityS.Korea

Contact electrification is a direct triboelectrification method for producing current through charge transfer when two different differentiated materials have brought into *** the first time,we developed a simple triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)where the electronic charges were realized through contact separation mode between sand-polished Kapton(SPK)and Al ***,we demonstrated the energetic interfacial contact between these surfaces and observed satisfactory output *** novel SPK-TENG produced 40 V and 2.8μA,of open-circuit voltages(V_(oc))and short-circuit currents(Isc)at 4 Hz,***,the SPK-TENG was dramatically increased up the performance of TENG,up to 40% of V_(oc) and 42% of I_(sc),with respect to the Kapton film because the mobility of electrons is very high on the device surface compared to the other pristine Kapton *** fabricated SPK-TENGs were good candidates for satisfying the need for alternative contact separation mode TENGs.

关键词： Kapton contactelectrification K-Al TENG SPK-Al TENGs electron transfer mechanism

Interleukin-35: A key player managing pre-diabetes and chronic inflammatory type 1 autoimmune diabetes

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World Journal of diabetes 2024年第10期15卷 2147-2151页

作者： Ratul Chakraborty Ashis kumar Mukherjee Asis Bala Life Sciences division Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati 781035GuwahatiAssamIndia Pharmacology and drug discovery Research Laboratory Division of Life SciencesInstitute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati 781035AssamIndia

Interleukin-35(il-35)is a novel protein comprising il-12αand il-27β*** il12A and EBI3 genes are responsible for its *** study of il-35 has experienced a substantial increase in interest in recent years,as demonstrated by many research *** clinical studies have shown that individuals who do not have a C-peptide have notably reduced amounts of il-35 in their blood *** is accompanied by a drop in the percentage of il-35+Treg cells,regulatory B cells,and Cd8+FOXP3+cells that produce *** article em-phasizes the potential significance of il-35 expression in governing the immune response and its involvement in chronic inflammatory autoimmune diabetes in pancreatic *** demonstrates il-35's ability to regulate cytokine proportions,modulate B cells,and protect against autoimmune ***,further investigation is necessary to ascertain the precise mechanism of il-35,and meticulous planning is essential for clinical studies.

关键词： Interleukin-35 Chronic inflammatory type diabetes Autoimmune diabetes Pancreatic inflammation Gene disease association