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Experimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PETAL laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.brun L.Ribotte G.boutoux X.davoine P.E.Masson-Laborde Y.sentoku N.Iwata N.blanchot d.batani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lecherbourg b.Rosse C.Rousseaux b.Vauzour d.Raffestin E.d’Humières X.Ribeyre Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CEA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine Laser(PETAL)*** experiments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of about 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the bremsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded by a spectrometer,called sEsAME(spectreÉlectrons Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were clearly detected by a photon spectrometer called sPECTIX(spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement X).High-energy photons were diagnosed by CRACC-X(Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chambre-rayonnement X),a bremsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can exhibit similar reproductions of the experimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target by the PETAL laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the response of the detector impacted by the energetic photon *** this work enabled reproduction of the experimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an exponential distribution *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process positron hypothesis

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Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for Mg alloy through a synergistic effect between functionalized graphene and insulated blocking layer

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.J.Li J.H.Chu M.M.Li d.N.Zou L.b.Tong school of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China state Key Laboratory of Advanced design and Manufacturing for Vehicle body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of Mg alloys seriously limit their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily forms many intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a double-layer epoxy composite coating on Mg alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembly *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can be homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fill the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier *** Ce film connects the outer layer with the substrate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times lower than that of bare Mg alloy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the labyrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive medium)and the obstruction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and blocking layer exhibits great potential in realizing the improvement of multi-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the development of novel composite protection coatings of Mg alloys.

关键词： Mg alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance blocking layer

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structural effects induced by dialysis-based purification of carbon nanomaterials

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Nano Materials science 2024年第4期6卷 475-483页

作者： A.d.Veloso A.M.Ferraria A.M.botelho do Rego A.s.Viana A.J.s.Fernandes A.J.Fielding R.A.Videira M.C.Oliveira CQ-VR and Chemistry department University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro bsIRG iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesDepartment of Chemical Engineeringand Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and BioeconomyInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Centro de Química Estrutural Institute of Molecular SciencesDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de Lisboa I3N and Physics department University of AveiroCampus de Santiago Faculty of science Pharmacy and Biomolecular SchoolLiverpool John Moores University REQUIMTE/LAQV Laborat orio de FarmacognosiaDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Farm aciaUniversidade do Porto

dialysis plays a crucial role in the purification of nanomaterials but its impact on the structural properties of carbon nanomaterials was never ***,a carbon-based nanomaterial generated electrochemically in potassium phosphate buffer,was characterized before and after dialysis against pure *** is shown that dialysis affects the size of the carbon domains,structural organization,surface functionalization,oxidation degree of carbon,and grade of ***,dialysis drives the nanomaterial organization from discrete roundish carbon domains,with sizes ranging from 70 to 160 nm,towards linear stacking structures of small nanoparticles （d ether （epoxide） surface groups evolve into more oxidized carbon groups （e.g.,ketone and ester groups）.Investigation of the as-prepared nanomaterial by electron paramagnetic resonance （EPR） revealed a resonance signal consistent with carbon-oxygen centred ***,this study brings to light the selective affinity of the carbon nanomaterial under study to capture Na+ions,a property greatly enhanced by the dialysis process,and its high ability to trap oxygen,particularly before *** findings open new perspectives for the application of carbon-based nanomaterials and raise awareness of the importance of structural changes that can occur during the purification of carbon-based nanomaterials.

关键词： Nanocarbon surface functionalization NMR XPs Hydrophilic carbon Paramagnetic

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Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

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bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun s.Venkatesh suzanne Golub Kathryn s.stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena desai david J.Handelsman Jeffrey d.Zajac Mathis Grossmann Rachel A.davey department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia department of biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with GnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

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black hole shadows in Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 272-283页

作者： b.Hamil b.C.Lütfüoğlu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et subatomique Facultédes Sciences ExactesUniversitéConstantine 1ConstantineAlgeria department of Physics University of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 6250003 Hradec KrálovéCzechia

Gravity models given by higher-order scalar curvature corrections are believed to bear important consequences. Einstein-bel-Robinson (EbR) gravity with quartic curvature modification motivated sajadi et al. to explore static spherically symmetric black hole solutions using perturbative methods. In this study, inspired by their work, we investigate Ads black hole shadows in EbR gravity and demonstrate how the gravity parameter alters the energy emission rate. Finally, we address the same problem in the presence of plasma, because the black holes are thought to be surrounded by a medium that changes the geodesic of photons.

关键词： black hole shadows Einstein-bel-Robinson gravity plasma

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Tilted global solar irradiance in bahrain:an experimental study

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： N.Vasilikos C.Georgantopoulou H.Alajaimi s.H.Almajed M.Ahmed d.Mathioulakis school of Mechanical Engineering Bahrain PolytechnicIsa TownPO Box 33349Kingdom of Bahrain school of Mechanical Engineering National Technical University of AthensHeroon Polytechniou 7 StZografos 15773AthensGreece

In the present work,tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analysed,measured for a period of 1 year on the campus of bahrain Polytechnic,Kingdom of bahrain,from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar *** fixed panel faces south with an angle of 26°with respect to the horizontal,coinciding with the local geographical *** second panel is moved by two motors,controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so that the sun’s rays are perpendicular to the panel surface.A pyranometer is installed on each panel,recording the tilted global solar irradiance,stored by using a data *** analysis of the data obtained shows a 33%solar energy gain on an annual basis for the moving panel(2780 versus 2088 kWh/m^(2) on the fixed panel).More importantly,in June,when the energy demand in bahrain is elevated due to the increased residential cooling loads,the solar energy received by the moving panel is 54.7%higher compared with that of the fixed *** a percentage basis,the increase in solar energy from the moving panel is profound in the early morning and late evening ***,the reduction in the solar energy received by the fixed panel from May to June does not appear in the moving panel because of the adjustable orientation of the *** the year,the mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m^(2) for the fixed panel,and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m^(2) for the moving *** winter,solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weather conditions that present a peak standard deviation of 28%of the corresponding *** data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries.

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking photovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

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Assessing the Influence of dykes on the drainage Network of the shivan River in North Maharashtra

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 582-589页

作者： sandeep b. bhise Tushar P. Raut suchitra s. Pardeshi sudhakar d. Pardeshi department of Geography GMD Arts BW Commerce & Science College Sinnar Nashik India department of Geography Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts Commerce & Science College Akurdi Pune India department of Geography Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India department of Geography Nowrosjee Wadia College Pune India

The prominent linear dyke ridges outcropped in the Narmada-Tapi dykes’ swarm represent an intrusion in the deccan Traps. Understanding the relationship among the underlying geological structures, the strike of the dykes, and the channel patterns is essential. dykes act as obstructions to stream flow, causing diversions, and their geometry and patterns significantly impact the rivers and streams that drain and cross the dyke swarm zone. For this study, Google Earth images, LIss III images, and Cartosat dEM were used to delineate the shivan basin and extract dyke features. The shivan River basin is a sixth-order drainage system that reflects superimposed drainage systems within the Tapi dyke swarm zone. About 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled by dyke orientation. The dyke ridges align predominantly in an East-West (E-W) direction, a pattern mainly followed by lower-order streams, which have developed an insequent, transverse drainage network within the dyke swarm zone. In the lower parts of the shivan basin, where the number of dykes decreases, the drainage network follows the general slope and is oriented in a North-south direction. The shivan River and its tributaries have partially adjusted to the dyke orientation, resulting in a transverse drainage pattern in areas characterized by parallel dyke ridges.

关键词： deccan Traps Narmada-Tapi dyke swarm Google Earth LIss III Cartosat dEM

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Polio eradication surveillance in sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： M.A.Y.Fernando N.s.Madarasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Medical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to May,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VdPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,sri Lanka from January,2019 to May,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VdPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd/VdPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from sri Lanka(93.61%),Maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VdPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VdPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VdPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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Laboratory evaluation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larval stages of cotton pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： bUsNOOR Abhishek V. WAdAsKAR R.M. FANd babasaheb b. TAMbE V.J. PILLAI T. MAHULE d.J. NAGRARE V.s. PRAsAd Y.G. Entomology section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(saunders)larvae enables its reduced vul-nerability to insecticidal ***,the development of resistance against bacillus thuringiensis(bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determining the critical timing of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larvae(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results revealed a significant decrease in the ovicidal activity of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pdirectly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were more susceptible(>80%mortality)than the larvae exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(bitory effects of tested insecticides on developmental biology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-larval release insecticide treatment compared with insecticide treatment given post-larval release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larval location,directly exposed vs bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larvae that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relatively less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larval stages were primar-ily *** findings are significant for devising a comprehensive strategy for pink bollworm management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Timings of spray

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Five-phase synchronous Reluctance Machines Equipped with a Novel Type of Fractional slot Winding

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CEs Transactions on Electrical Machines and systems 2024年第3期8卷 264-273页

作者： s.M.Taghavi Araghi A.Kiyoumarsi b.Mirzaeian dehkordi department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of IsfahanIsfahanIran

Multi-phase machines are so attractive for electrical machine designers because of their valuable advantages such as high reliability and fault tolerant ***,fractional slot concentrated windings(FsCW)are well known because of short end winding length,simple structure,field weakening sufficiency,fault tolerant capability and higher slot fill *** five-phase machines equipped with FsCW,are very good candidates for the purpose of designing motors for high reliable applications,like electric cars,major transporting buses,high speed trains and massive ***,in comparison to the general distributed windings,the FsCWs contain high magnetomotive force(MMF)space harmonic contents,which cause unwanted effects on the machine ability,such as localized iron saturation and core *** manuscript introduces several new five-phase fractional slot winding layouts,by the means of slot shifting concept in order to design the new types of synchronous reluctance motors(synRels).In order to examine the proposed winding’s performances,three sample machines are designed as case studies,and analytical study and finite element analysis(FEA)is used for validation.

关键词： Finite element analysis Five-phase machine Fractional slot concentrated winding(FsCW) Machine slot/pole combination MMF harmonics synchronous reluctance machine Winding factor

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