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Peri-implant gas accumulation in response to magnesium-based musculoskeletal biomaterials:reframing current evidence for preclinical research and clinical evaluation

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 59-71页

作者： Yu Sun Heike Helmholz regine Willumeit-römer Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck-Str.1Geesthacht 21502Germany

Historically,the rapid degradation and massive gas release from magnesium(Mg)implants resulted in severe emphysema and mechanical *** the advent of new alloys and surface treatment methods,optimized Mg implants have re-entered clinics since last decade with reliable ***,the optimization aims at slowing down the degradation process,rather than exemption of the gas *** study involved a systematic evaluation of current preclinical and clinical evidence,regarding the physical signs,symptoms,radiological features,pathological findings and complications potentially associated with peri±implant gas accumulation(PIGA)after musculoskeletal Mg *** literature search identified 196 potentially relevant publications,and 51 papers were enrolled for further analysis,including 22 preclinical tests and 29 clinical studies published from 2005 to *** Mg-based materials have been evaluated in animal research,and the application of pure Mg and Mg alloys have been reported in clinical follow-ups involving multiple anatomical sites and musculoskeletal *** tissue and intraosseous PIGA are common in both animal tests and clinical follow-ups,and potentially associated with certain adverse *** examinations especially micro-CT and clinical CT scans provide valuable information for quantitative and longitudinal *** according to simulation tests involving Mg implantation and chemical processing,tissue fixation could lead to an increase in the volume of gas cavity,thus the results obtained from ex vivo imaging or histopathological evaluations should be interpreted with *** still lacks standardized procedures or consensus for both preclinical and clinical evaluation of ***,by providing focused insights into the topic,this evidence-based study will facilitate future animal tests and clinical evaluations,and support developing biocompatible Mg implants for the treatment of musculoskeletal

关键词： Magnesium implant degradation Hydrogen Gas release Postoperative follow-up

Systemic modulation of skeletal mineralization by magnesium implant promoting fracture healing: radiological exploration enhanced with PCA-based machine learning in a rat femoral model

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1009-1020页

作者： Yu Sun Heike Helmholz regine Willumeit-römer Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGermany

The clinical application of magnesium(Mg)and its alloys for bone fractures has been well supported by in vitro and in vivo ***,there were studies indicating negative effects of high dose Mg intake and sustained local release of Mg ions on bone metabolism or repair,which should not be ignored when developing Mg-based ***,it remains necessary to assess the biological effects of Mg implants in animal models relevant to clinical treatment *** primary purpose of this study was to validate the beneficial effects of intramedullary Mg implants on the healing outcome of femoral fractures in a modified rat *** addition,the mineralization parameters at multiple anatomical sites were evaluated,to investigate their association with healing outcome and potential clinical *** to the control group without Mg implantation,postoperative imaging at week 12 demonstrated better healing outcomes in the Mg group,with more stable unions in 3d analysis and high-mineralized bridging in 2d *** bone tissue mineral density(TMd)was higher in the Mg group at the non-operated femur and lumbar vertebra,while no differences between groups were identified regarding the bone tissue volume(TV),TMd and bone mineral content(BMC)in *** the surgical femur,the Mg group presented higher TMd,but lower TV and BMC in the distal metaphyseal region,as well as reduced BMC at the osteotomy *** component analysis(PCA)-based machine learning revealed that by selecting clinically relevant parameters,radiological markers could be constructed for differentiation of healing outcomes,with better performance than 2d *** study provides insights and preclinical evidence for the rational investigation of bioactive materials,the identification of potential adverse effects,and the promotion of diagnostic capabilities for fracture healing.

关键词： Magnesium Implants Bone fracture Mineralization Systemic modulation Principal component analysis.

design of computer vision assisted machine learning based controller for the Stewart platform to track spatial objects

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1195-1208页

作者： dev Kunwar Singh CHAUHAN Pandu r.VUNdAVILLI Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar 752050India

The present work aims to develop an object tracking controller for the Stewart platform using a computer vision-assisted machine learning-based *** research is divided into two *** first module focuses on the design of a motion controller for the Physik Instrumente(PI)-based Stewart *** contrast,the second module deals with the development of a machine-learning-based spatial object tracking algorithm by collecting information from the Zed 2 stereo vision ***,simple feed-forward neural networks(NN)are used to predict the orientation of the top table of the *** training,the x,y,and z coordinates of the three-dimensional(3d)object,extracted from images,are used as the input to the *** contrast,the orientation information of the platform(that is,rotation about the x,y,and z-axes)is considered as the output from the *** orientation information obtained from the network is fed to the inverse kinematics-based motion controller(module 1)to move the platform while tracking the *** training,the optimised NN is used to track the continuously moving 3d *** experimental results show that the developed NN-based controller has successfully tracked the moving spatial object with reasonably good accuracy.

关键词： Stewart platform feed-forward neural networks motion controller inverse kinematics stereo vision

development and application of feature engineered geological layers for ranking magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic system components in Archean greenstone belts

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 251-273页

作者： r.M.Montsion S.Perrouty M.d.Lindsay M.W.Jessell r.Sherlock Mineral Exploration research Centre Harquail School of Earth SciencesGoodman School of MinesLaurentian UniversitySudburyOntario P3E 2C6Canada Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth SciencesThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley 6009Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organization Mineral Resources26 Dick Perry AveKensingtonWA 6151Australia ArC Centre for data Analytics for resources and Environments(dArE) Perth and SydneyAustralia

Geologically representative feature engineering is a crucial component in geoscientific applications of machine *** commonly applied feature engineering techniques used to produce input variables for machine learning apply geological knowledge to generic data science techniques,which can lead to ambiguity,geological oversimplification,and/or compounding subjective *** that utilize minimally processed input variables attempt to overcome these issues,but often lead to convoluted and uninterpretable *** address these challenges,new and enhanced feature engineering methods were developed by combining geological knowledge,understanding of data limitations,and a variety of data science *** include non-Euclidean fluid pre-deformation path distance,rheological and chemical contrast,geologically constrained interpolation of characteristic host rock geochemistry,interpolation of mobile element gain/loss,assemblages,magnetic intensity,structural complexity,host rock physical *** methods were applied to compiled open-source and new field observations from Archean greenstone terranes in the Abitibi and western Wabigoon sub-provinces of the Superior Province near Timmins and dryden,Ontario,*** feature maps represent conceptually significant components in magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic mineral systems.A comparison of ranked feature importance from random forests to conceptual mineral system models show that the feature maps adequately represent system components,with a few exceptions attributed to biased training data or limited constraint *** study also highlights the shared importance of several highly ranked features for the three mineral systems,indicating that spatially related mineral systems exploit the same features when *** feature importance when classifying orogenic Au mineralization in Timmins and dryden provides insights into the possible cause of contrasting endowment be

关键词： Machine learning random forests Mineral systems Magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide(VMS)Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag(-Au) Orogenic Au Abitibi Wabigoon

Connecting cellular mechanisms and extracellular vesicle cargo in traumatic brain injury

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2119-2131页

作者： Nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn d.roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang d.Wu Shawn N.Whitehead department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Western UniversityLondonONCanada Schulich School of Medicine and dentistry Western UniversityLondonONCanada deparment of Clinical Neurological Sciences Western UniversityLondonONCanada

Traumatic brain injury is followed by a cascade of dynamic and complex events occurring at the cellular level. These events include: diffuse axonal injury, neuronal cell death, blood-brain barrier break down, glial activation and neuroinflammation, edema, ischemia, vascular injury, energy failure, and peripheral immune cell infiltration. The timing of these events post injury has been linked to injury severity and functional outcome. Extracellular vesicles are membrane bound secretory vesicles that contain markers and cargo pertaining to their cell of origin and can cross the blood-brain barrier. These qualities make extracellular vesicles intriguing candidates for a liquid biopsy into the pathophysiologic changes occurring at the cellular level post traumatic brain injury. Herein, we review the most commonly reported cargo changes in extracellular vesicles from clinical traumatic brain injury samples. We then use knowledge from animal and in vitro models to help infer what these changes may indicate regrading cellular responses post traumatic brain injury. Future research should prioritize labeling extracellular vesicles with markers for distinct cell types across a range of timepoints post traumatic brain injury.

关键词： axonal injury biomarkers blood-brain barrier chronic traumatic encephalopathy extracellular vesicles glial activation neuroinflammation traumatic brain injury

Soil security and global food security

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 297-302页

作者： david r.MONTGOMErY department of Earth and Space Sciences University of Washington townSeattleWA 98105USA

Over the course of the postglacial period has managed to add degrade a substantial portion of the world's potential agricultural land. The soil loss and degradation that has repeatedly impacted regional societies around the world resulted from agricultural practices that increased the physical loss of soil(erosion), reduced soil organic matter, changed p H(acidification) or salinity,and disrupted or altered communities of soil life. In the coming century, as continued soil degradation threatens global food security while the global population keeps rising it is imperative that farmers develop and adopt soilhealth building(regenerative) practices to solve a problem that has plagued societies throughout history. Growing evidence suggests that agricultural systems that combine cover crops, reduced tillage, and diverse crop rotations can reduce erosion, enhance soil health and rebuild soil organic matter to cultivate beneficial soil life and harvest both economic and environmental benefits. In the coming post-oil world, global food security would benefit from a global effort to promote soil restoration to help addresses the challenge of sustainably feeding the world, increase soil-based carbon sequestration,protect on-farm biodiversity and reduce off-farm water pollution. Because soil security sets a solid foundation for global food security, agricultural policies and subsidies should be reformed to encourage farmers to adopt regenerative,soil-building practices.

关键词： Agriculture soil security food security regenerative

Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： raquel Jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan d.Navarro-López Lydia Jiménez-díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

On some new fuzzy entropy measure of Pythagorean fuzzy sets for decision-making based on an extended TOPSIS approach

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Journal of Management Analytics 2024年第1期11卷 87-109页

作者： H.d.Arora Anjali Naithani department of Mathematics Amity Institute of Applied SciencesAmity University Uttar PradeshNoidaIndia

Fuzzy entropy measures are valuable tools in decision-making when dealing with uncertain or imprecise *** exist many entropy measures for Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets(PFS)in the literature that fail to deal with the problem of providing reasonable or consistent results to the *** deal with the shortcomings of the existing measures,this paper proposes a robust fuzzy entropy measure for PFS to facilitate decision-making under *** usefulness of the measure is illustrated through an illustration of decision-making in a supplier selection problem and compared with existing fuzzy entropy *** Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)approach is also explored to solve the decision-making *** results demonstrate that the proposed measure can effectively capture the degree of uncertainty in the decision-making process,leading to more accurate decision outcomes by providing a reliable and robust ranking of alternatives.

关键词： Pythagorean fuzzy sets entropy measures multi criteria decision analysis TOPSIS method supplier selection

Comparative analysis of breast and lung cancer survival rates and clinical trial enrollments among rural and urban patients in Georgia

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Oncology research 2024年第9期32卷 1401-1406页

作者： TATIANA KUrILO rEBECCA d.PENTZ Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlanta30322USA

Objectives:rural patients have poor cancer outcomes and clinical trial(CT)enrollment compared to urban patients due to attitudinal,awareness,and healthcare access *** of cancer survival disparities and CT enrollment is important for designing interventions and innovative approaches to address the stated *** study explores the potential disparities in cancer survival rates and clinical trial enrollments in rural and urban breast and lung cancer *** hypotheses are that for both cancer types,urban cancer patients will have longer 5-year survival rates and higher enrollment rates in clinical trials than those in rural ***:We compared breast and lung cancer patients’survival rates and enrollment ratios in clinical trials between rural(rUCC 4-9)and urban counties in Georgia at a Comprehensive Cancer Center(CCC).To assess these differences,we carried out a series of independent samples t-tests and Chi-Square ***:The outcomes indicate comparable 5-year survival rates across rural and urban counties for breast and lung cancer patients,failing to substantiate our *** clinical trial enrollment rates demonstrated a significant difference between breast and lung cancer patients at CCC,no significant variation was observed based on rural or urban ***:These findings underscore the need for further research into the representation of rural patients with diverse cancer types at CCC and other cancer ***,the findings have considerable implications for the initiation of positive social change to improve CT participation and reduce cancer survival disparities.

关键词： Cancer Cancer survival rates Clinical trial enrollment rural patients Health disparities Barriers to clinical trial participation Geographic disparities