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NUMErIC SOLUTIONS OF THErMAL PrOBLEMS GOVErNEd BY FrACTIONAL dIFFUSION

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NUMERIC SOLUTIONS OF THERMAL PROBLEMS GOVERNED BY FRACTIONAL...

Potential prospects of nanomedicine for targeted therapeutics in inflammatory bowel diseases

第二届热问题计算方法国际会议

作者： V.r.Voller d.P Zielinski department of Civil Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455

＜正＞The concept of a fractional diffusion equation is *** novel numerical solutions are *** first is based on a weighting of non-local finite difference approximation of the flux. The other is based on a Monte-Carlo simulation with step sizes selected from an appropriateαstable Levy *** performance of these two schems are comapred on a steady-state *** agreement between the schemes and with available analytical solutions is observed.

关键词： Fractional diffusion Finite difference Scheme Monte Carlo Scheme

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第23期18卷 2895-2901页

作者： Madharasi VA Pichai Lynnette r Ferguson discipline of Nutrition Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBds) such as Crohn's disease are highly debilitating. There are inconsistencies in response to and side effects in the current conventional medications, failures in adequate drug delivery, and the lack of therapeutics to offer complete remission in the presently available treatments of IBd. This suggests the need to explore beyond the horizons of conventional approaches in IBd therapeutics. This review examines the arena of the evolving IBd nanomedicine, studied so far in animal and in vitro models, before comprehensive clinical testing in humans. The investigations carried out so far in IBd models have provided substantial evidence of the nanotherapeutic approach as having the potential to overcome some of the current drawbacks to conventional IBd therapy. We analyze the pros and cons of nanotechnology in IBd therapies studied in different models, aimed at different targets and mechanisms of IBd pathogenesis, in an attempt to predict its possible impact in humans.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Tumor necrosis factor-m Nanomedicine

Control of Glyphosate-resistant Giant ragweed (<i>Ambrosia trifida</i>L.) with 2,4-d Followed by Pre-Emergence or Post-Emergence Herbicides in Glyphosate-resistant Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第15期5卷 2289-2297页

作者： Amit J. Jhala Lowell d. Sandell Greg r. Kruger department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USA West Central research and Extension Center University of Nebraska-Lincoln North Platte Nebraska USA

Control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed is a challenge, particularly for soybean growers, because of limited effective post-emergence (POST) herbicide options. Many soybean growers in no-till production systems use 2,4-d in burndown application for control of broadleaf weeds, including giant ragweed. Field experiments were conducted at david City, NE, in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate 2,4-d followed by PrE or POST herbicide programs for control of glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed in glyphosate-resistant soybean. results suggested that burndown application of 2,4-d or saflufenacil plus imazethapyr resulted in 89 to 99% control of giant ragweed at 21 days after treatment. Burndown-only treatments of S-metolachlor plus metribuzin or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam resulted in poor control (≤65%) of giant ragweed and reduced soybean yield (≤ 577 kg·ha-1). Burndown application of 2,4-d followed by saflufenacil plus imazethapyr, S-metolachlor plus metribuzin, or sulfentrazone plus cloransulam applied pre-emergence (PrE) or cloransulam, chlorimuron, fomesafen, imazethapyr, or lactofen in tank-mixtures with acetochlor applied POST resulted in 87% to 99% giant ragweed control, reduced density to ≤7 plants m-2, and resulted in soybean yield from 2519 to 3823 kg·ha-1. There was no difference among and between 2,4-d followed by PrE or POST herbicides for giant ragweed control, density, or soybean yield, indicating all the two pass herbicide programs were effective. It is concluded that glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed can be effectively controlled in soybean by including 2,4-d in burndown program followed by PrE or POST herbicides tested in this study.

关键词： Corn Burndown Giant ragweed Biomass Post-Emergence Pre-Emergence resistance Management

developmental Profile and Mechanisms of GABA-Induced Calcium Signaling in Hippocampal Astrocytes

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神经损伤与功能重建 2008年第6期3卷 411-421页

作者： SILKE d.MEIEr KArL W.KAFITZ CHrISTINE r.rOSE Institute for Neurobiology Heinrich-Heine-University of DuesseldorfUniversitaetsstrasse1DuesseldorfGermany

γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是具有双重作用的递质,它在产后发育的第1周对神经元具有兴奋作用,但在成年大脑中是主要的抑制性递质。GABA还能通过与离子型（GABAA）和代谢型（GABAB）受体结合来活化星形胶质细胞,导致胶质细胞钙升高及神经递质释... 详细信息

γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是具有双重作用的递质,它在产后发育的第1周对神经元具有兴奋作用,但在成年大脑中是主要的抑制性递质。GABA还能通过与离子型（GABAA）和代谢型（GABAB）受体结合来活化星形胶质细胞,导致胶质细胞钙升高及神经递质释放,GABA在神经元-胶质细胞相互作用中起重要的调节作用。本文采用全细胞膜片钳和比率钙成象分析出生后3-34 d的大鼠海马切片,星形胶质细胞GABAA和GABAB受体活化诱导的钙信号的发育特征及细胞机制。GABAA和GABAB受体都可介导胶质细胞的细胞内钙瞬对升高。在整个发育过程中,GABAA受体活化通过激活电压依赖性钙通道的钙流入引起大多数星形胶质细胞快速的钙瞬变。相反的是,GABAB受体活化导致细胞延迟的钙升高,并且这种作用能被细胞内钙库消耗和持久的异源三聚G蛋白活化所阻滞。GABAB受体介导的钙信号呈现明确的发育规律,即〈10%的星形胶质细胞在出生后3 d或32-34 d有应答,大约60%的星形胶质细胞在出生后11-15 d有应答。本文提示,GABAB受体通过激活G蛋白,诱导细胞内钙库释放钙,导致细胞的钙瞬变。星形胶质细胞中GABAB受体介导的钙信号在出生后海马网络发育完成时优先出现。

关键词：胶质细胞蝇蕈醇巴氯芬发育钙库 Sr101

Contribution for a Better Understanding of the Technological Sustainability in Electrical Energy Production through Photovoltaic Cells

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2011年第6期5卷 542-547页

作者： r.P. Mendes L.C. Goncalves P.d. Gaspar Electromechanical Engineering department Engineering Faculty University of Beira Interior Covilha 6201-001 Portugal

The conversion of solar energyinto electricity reveals a huge importance in the production of＂clean＂ energy, mainly when applied to decentralized production systems （micro-generation）. However, there is the need to develop and optimize these processes in order to turn it more sustainable in economic and technological scoops. The main purpose of this work is to study the solar energy conversion into electricity through photovoltaic cells, characterizing the process efficiencies. This study intends to evaluate the energetic and exergetic efficiencies defining them as indicators in the formulation ofa sustainability index. All the procedures are in a theoretical scope with an illustrative example in the end of this work.

关键词： Sustainability index energy exergy photovoltaic indicators.

Crystals in the Solid Solution （K,Na）3La2（BO3）3 System

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Crystals in the Solid Solution （K,Na）3La2（BO3）3 System

Advances in Antimicrobial resistance

第十六届全国晶体生长与材料学术会议

作者： Q.d.Zeng r.K.Li Beijing Center for Crystal research and development Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser TechnologyTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

A noncentrosymmetric rare-earth borate crystal with approximate composition of K 1.34 Na 1.66 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 has been obtained by a spontaneous nucleation in the K 2 O-La 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -NaF system. It belongs to the orthorhombic system (a = 5.1629(10) , b = 11.416(2) and c = 7.263(2) ) with a space group of Amm2, isostructural to its end member Na 3 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 [1]. It is composed of six isolated BO 3 groups in the unit cell, and two of them are exactly aligned while the remaining four are arranged with an angle to the c direction. Transmittance spectrum indicates that transmittance is ranged from 195 to 2800 nm. Based on anionic group approximation [2], the refractive indices and SHG tensor elements for the K 1.34 Na 1.66 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 can be calculated as n a =1.7230, n b =1.7426, n c =1.7037 and d 31 = 0.50, d 32 = 0.16, d 33 = -0.66 pm/V. Powder second harmonic generation (SHG) tests were performed using Kurtz and Perry method [3]. Both of the powder SHG tests and calculations show that the SHG efficiency of K 1.34 Na 1.66 La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 is about 2 times that of KdP. Similar substitutions in A x Na 3-x La 2 (BO 3 ) 3 (A = rb, Li) were performed and indicated all forming limited solid solutions with the same structure.

关键词： Crystals in the Solid Solution System

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Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 1-2页

作者： Jiangzhong Shen Timothy r.Walsh Beijing Key Laboratory of detection Technology for Animal-derived Food Safety College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China department of Zoology University of OxfordOxford OX13SZUK Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial research(IOI) University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK

Antimicrobial resistance(AMr)is now considered to be another insidious pandemic and one that is becoming increasingly *** global burden spawned by AMr has been widely reported and includes a large number of deaths and increased economic *** the emergence of AMr can be driven by inappropriate antimicrobial use,and potential transmission of AMr has occurred between human and animals,many countries have tightened regulations on the use of antimicrobials in food *** there is still a long way to go,especially in low-and middleincome countries(LMICs),and new approaches are needed to further explore the emergence and spread of AMr in both human and animals.

关键词： income include systems

Small molecules to prevent the neurodegeneration caused by α-synuclein aggregation

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Neural regeneration research 2020年第12期15卷 2260-2261页

作者： Samuel Pena-díaz Jordi Pujols Salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia MolecularUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Parkinson’s disease (Pd) is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to a group of human pathologies known as synucleinopathies,which includes multiple system atrophy or dementia with Lewy bodies (Spillantini et al.,1998).These diseases share a common neuropathological feature,the presence ofα-synuclein (α-Syn) deposits,although they differ in the cellular and anatomical compartment in whichα-Syn inclusions *** affects more than 1% of people over 60 years of age,thus being the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world and the most common synucleinopathy.

关键词： al. diseases atrophy

Adjusting Temperature and Salinity Effects on Single Capacitance Sensors

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Pedosphere 2009年第5期19卷 588-596页

作者： A.FArES M.SAFEEQ d.M.JENKINS department of Natural resources and Environmental Management University of Hawaii at Manoa department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering University of Hawaii at Manoa

Several newly developed capacitance sensors have simplified real-time determination of soil water *** work has shown that salinity and temperature can affect these sensors,but relatively little has been done to correct these *** objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of media temperature and salinity on the apparent water content measured with a single capacitance sensor(SCS),and to mitigate this effect using a temperature dependent scaled voltage technique under laboratory conditions.A column study was conducted containing two media:pure deionized water and quartz sand under varying water contents(0.05 to 0.30 cm3 cm-3) and salinity(0 to 80 mmol L-1).Media temperature was varied between 5 and 45℃ using an *** SCS probes and thermocouples were placed in the middle of the columns and were logged at an interval of 1 *** was strong negative correlation between sensor reading and temperature of deionized water with a rate of-0.779 mV ℃-*** of SCS apparent output were 0.454 and 0.535 mV ℃-1 for air in heating and cooling cycles,respectively.A similar positive correlation with temperature was observed in sand at different water *** SCS probe was less sensitive to temperature as salinity and water content *** a temperature-corrected voltage calibration model,the effect of temperature was reduced by 98%.An analytical model for salinity correction was able to minimize the error as low as ± 2% over the salinity level tested.

关键词： calibration ECH2O probes quartz sand water content