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The Use of Far Infrared Treatment Prior to Exercise in Horses: An mfBIA and Acoustic Myography Three Case Study

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 69-89页

作者： Adrian Harrison d.phil department for Veterinary and Animal Sciences (IVH) Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen K&#248benhavn Denmark

Background: Acute effects of Far Infrared (FIR) treatment in horses are unknown, especially short periods of 30 minutes, as is any effect on such muscle parameters as warm-up balance, overall exercise balance and laterality asymmetries. Aim: This study examines three equine cases in detail to measure any effects of a short period of FIR treatment. Methods: Multi-frequency bioimpedance (mfBIA) and acoustic myography (AMG), non-invasive techniques, were applied pre- and post-treatment with FIR to the back (T5-L4/5) and for *** dorsi and *** medius was recorded during a 15-minute warm-up regimen. mfBIA parameters included extracellular resistance (Re), centre frequency (fc), membrane capacitance (Mc), intracellular resistance (Ri) and phase angle (PA) which indicates level of training and health status. Results: FIR treatment responses for mfBIA parameters were found to be horse-specific and different, whilst in terms of AMG, FIR treatment for 30 minutes had a beneficial effect on overall balance in all three horses (5 out of 6 muscles), and a beneficial effect on the AMG parameter ST (force symmetry) in all three horses (6 out of 6 muscles). An overall improvement for combined balance and ST values for both muscles and all three horses of 86% was noted with FIR treatment, compared to 56% without. Conclusions: This preliminary study of FIR treatment in three horses, has been found to result in an overall improvement in combined balance and ST values for both muscles. FIR has potential as a promising treatment to reduce the risk of warm-up-related injuries in athletic horses.

关键词： Equine FIR Muscle Balance Muscle Force Injury Prevention

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New treatments for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998年第5期4卷 6-13页

作者： david S. Rampton and d.phil

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｏｒｙｂｏｗｅｌｄｉｓｅａｓｅ（ＩＢＤ）ｉｓａｐｐａｒｅｎｔｌｙｓｔｉｌｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｒａｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＥａｓｔ，ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｆｒｏｍＨｏｎｇＫｏｎ... 详细信息

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｎｆｌａｍｍａｔｏｒｙｂｏｗｅｌｄｉｓｅａｓｅ（ＩＢＤ）ｉｓａｐｐａｒｅｎｔｌｙｓｔｉｌｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｒａｒｅｉｎｔｈｅＥａｓｔ，ｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｆｒｏｍＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｓｔｈａｔｏｖｅｒ...

关键词： Crohn′s disease ulcerative colitis inflammatory bowel disease corticosteroids mesalazine immunosuppressive drugs cytokines

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On China's Capital Controls

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经济研究参考 1999年第70期 11-23页

作者： d.phil A Senior Fellow Doctoral Tutor and Director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

Ⅰ. Introduction In the wake of the debt Crisis of the early 1980s, the World Bank pub-lished a report to summarize developing countries’ experience in utilizingforeign capital. According to the report, "Foreign finance can promotegrowth through higher investment and technology transfers. It can allowcountries to adjust gradually to new circumstances in the world economy.

关键词： On China’s Capital Controls must Bank US FdI than

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颈动脉体对化学信号的换能作用

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生理学报 2007年第2期59卷 128-132页

作者： Prem KUMAR B.Sc. d.phil 伯明翰大学医学院生理学系

颈动脉体可以将低氧和血液中其它刺激信号(可能包括低血糖)转换成不同强度的传入神经放电,沿心肺和神经内分泌反射的传入途径进入中枢,形成反射环路。低氧可抑制颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中的多种K+通道,这种作用可能有种属差异; K+通道的抑制... 详细信息

颈动脉体可以将低氧和血液中其它刺激信号(可能包括低血糖)转换成不同强度的传入神经放电,沿心肺和神经内分泌反射的传入途径进入中枢,形成反射环路。低氧可抑制颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中的多种K+通道,这种作用可能有种属差异; K+通道的抑制使膜电位去极化,启动电压依赖性Ca2+内流,最后导致神经分泌和传入放电。离子通道埘低氧的反应可能是通过间接途径发生的,因此近期的工作集中在研究颈动脉体Ⅰ型细胞中在低氧感受中起关键作用的其它蛋白质。虽然有人认为来源于线粒体和／或NAdPH的活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)起一定作用,但是它们在颈动脉体中转导低氧信号的证据还不足。目前正在对另外两种假设进行检验。第一种假设是血红素加氧酶2(haemoxygenase 2,HO-2)通过信号分子CO控制特殊K+通道的活动,而CO的生成量与氧分压高低有关。第二种假设是认为细胞能量感受器腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP- activated protein kinase,AMPK)起作用;低氧时AMP／ATP比值升高,激活AMPK,从而抑制Ⅰ型细胞的K+通道,传入放电增加。颈动脉体的细胞上具有丰富的对氧敏感的K+通道,低氧感受这个重要的细胞活动可以通过多条途径进行,在总反应中每种蛋白质也可能起不同的作用,例如不同蛋白质对氧的亲合力不同等。关于颈动脉体感受低血糖的机制尚不清楚,但最近有证据提示,它并非由K+通道关闭引起的,因此感受低血糖的机制和感受低氧的机制是不同的。

关键词：颈动脉体化学受体低氧化学转换腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶葡萄糖

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The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater):Geographic variation,taxonomy,a"new"population,and an enduring mystery in migration

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 467-477页

作者： Leo Joseph Julian Teh Paul Sweet phil Gregory Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections AustraliaCanberra2601Australia American Museum of Natural History New YorkUSA Sicklebill Safaris TopazQueensland4885Australia

The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater)inhabits low-mid elevation forests across New Guinea and far northeastern *** its four recognized subspecies,*** is migratory,breeding in tropical north-eastern Australia from approximately November–*** non-breeding range of ***,apart from some individuals overwintering in Australia,has been unknown for>100 *** from 194 New Guinean and Australian specimens and a literature review have not solved this mystery;the narrow latitudinal range of the intratropical migration may inhibit use of GPS loggers in resolving the migration *** work in central and western parts of southern New Guinea is *** data,however,revealed an essentially overlooked population in north-western New Guinea east of the Bird's Head Peninsula phenotypically indistinguishable from nominate *** of that *** genomic analysis of the complex will be largely done from toepad skin because frozen tissue samples for dNA analysis exist only of four individuals of what we suggest should be elevated to species rank as *** discuss how genomic analysis might distinguish among alternative taxonomic hypotheses of one,two or three *** suggest English names for what we consider to be three diagnosable taxa worth recognizing at species rank in this group:Arfak Monarch corresponding to ***(Bird's Head Peninsula and the“new”population of north-western New Guinea);Pearly Monarch for ***(Australia and still unknown non-breeding range),and Masked Monarch for ***(including kunupi,elsewhere in New Guinea).

关键词： Australia Migration monarch flycatcher Monarcha frater New Guinea Taxonomy

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detecting Inhomogeneity in daily Climate Series Using Wavelet Analysis

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第2期25卷 157-163页

作者：严中伟 phil d.JONES Laboratory of Regional Climate and Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Climatic Research Unit University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ United Kingdom

A wavelet method was applied to detect inhomogeneities in daily meteorological series, data which are being increasingly applied in studies of climate extremes. The wavelet method has been applied to a few well- established long-term daily temperature series back to the 18th century, which have been ＂homogenized＂ with conventional approaches. Various types of problems remaining in the series were revealed with the wavelet method. Their influences on analyses of change in climate extremes are discussed. The results have importance for understanding issues in conventional climate data processing and for development of improved methods of homogenization in order to improve analysis of climate extremes based on daily data.

关键词： inhomogeneity daily meteorological observation wavelet analysis climate extremes

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Health and safety perspectives of graphene in wearables and hybrid materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 10-32页

作者： Premika Govindaraj Azadeh Mirabedini Xing Jin dennis Antiohos Nisa Salim phil Aitchison Jake Parker Franz Konstantin Fuss Nishar Hameed Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia Aerospace Engineering and Aviation School of Engineering RMIT University Bundoora Melbourne VIC 3083 Australia Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong VIC 3216 Australia Imagine Intelligent Materials Sydney NSW 2018 Australia Sparc Technologies Kent Town South Australia 5067 Australia Chair of Biomechanics Faculty of Engineering Science University of Bayreuth Bayreuth D-95440 Germany

The growing demand for smart wearables, coupled with the omnipresence of graphene due to its array of outstanding thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, have driven the industry-led initiatives to develop lightweight, smart, and robust graphene-based wearable technologies. The substantial research and the increase in technology readiness levels (TRLs) of graphene-based technologies have led to the adoption of graphene in many industries. Graphene-based wearables are one such technology that involves closer interaction of graphene by the end-user. despite this, understanding the toxicological risks associated with using graphene-based wearables is still in the fundamental stage. Herein, graphene-based wearables and industrial-scale fabrication techniques for the development of graphene-based wearables are reviewed. The main goal of the review is to initially evaluate the likelihood of user exposure to graphene from the wearable device and the potential health effects. The subsequent health risks based on graphene's physicochemical characteristics are also discussed. A framework to elucidate the risk is presented in terms of crucial exposure routes, possible graphene interactions, recent exposure assessments, detection removal techniques from the human body, and risk management protocols. It is hoped that this review may aid towards establishing a reasonable practice concerning the safe integration of graphene materials into wearables and facilitate their commercialization.

关键词： Graphene Wearables Composites Nanomaterials Smart materials Health and safety

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Further-Adjusted Long-Term Temperature Series in China Based on MASH

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 13-21页

作者： Zhen LI Zhongwei YAN Lijuan CAO phil d. JONES Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment in Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing 100029 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Climatic Research Unit University of East Anglia Norwich Norfolk NR4 7TJ United Kingdom Center of Excellence for Climate Change Research/department of Meteorology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

A set of homogenized monthly mean surface air temperature （SAT） series at 32 stations in China back to the 19th century had previously been developed based on the RHtest method by Cao et al., but some inhomogeneities remained in the dataset. The present study produces a further-adjusted and updated dataset based on the Multiple Analysis of Series for Homogenization （MASH） method. The MASH procedure detects 33 monthly temperature records as erroneous outliers and 152 meaningful break points in the monthly SAT series since 1924 at 28 stations. The inhomogeneous parts are then adjusted relative to the latest homogeneous part of the series. The new data show significant warming trends during 1924-2016 at all the stations, ranging from 0.48 to 3.57℃ （100 yr）^-1, with a regional mean trend of 1.65℃ （100 yr）^-1 ; whereas, the previous results ranged from a slight cooling at two stations to considerable warming, up to 4.5℃ （100 yr）^-1. It is suggested that the further-adjusted data are a better representation of the large-scale pattern of climate change in the region for the past century. The new data axe available online at http：//***/10.11922/sciencedb.516.

关键词： homogenization Multiple Analysis of series for homogenization (MASH) monthly temperature series long-term trend China

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design,application and verification of a novel system utilizing bacteria and microalgae to treat swine farm wastewater and produce value-added biomass

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第4期16卷 222-230页

作者： Xin Zhen Yali Li Jingwen Qiang Manyu Tang Wei Hua Wanqing Wang Shuang Wu phil Perkins Roger Ruan Yanling Cheng College of Biochemical Engineering Beijing Union UniversityBeijing 100023China Beijing Key Laboratory of biomass waste resource utilization Beijing 100023 China Solaster LLC NashvilleTN 37210USA Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA

Swine farm wastewater is extremely harmful to the environment if not treated before it is *** this study,a system was developed and optimized for testing the high levels of organic matter in swine farm wastewater utilizing a microalgae/bacteria co-culture combined with a novel closed-loop extraction and dilution ***,the system produces biomass that also could be harvested and used in value-added *** efficacy of biomass as a biofertilizer was demonstrated by using a model plant of *** addition,the analysis of biomass indicates that it also has potential as a source for *** a 20-d cultivation period,a yield of biomass was achieved to 2.063 g/L of *** highest removal rates recorded in steady state conditions were:13.8 mg/L·d of Total Nitrogen(TN);11.5 mg/L·d of Ammonia Nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N);24.8 mg/L·d of Chemical Oxygen demand(COd);and 16.9 mg/L·d of Total Phosphorus(TP).After cultivation,the composition of the biomass was analyzed on a dry basis;the major components were protein(44.9%),lipids(24.6%),carbohydrates(19.9%),Chlorophyll-A(2.75%),Chlorophyll-B(1.66%),and carotenoids(0.57%).This biomass was diluted with water(5%by weight)and used as a biofertilizer to grow *** results showed that the average root and stem lengths of Arabidopsis were 43.0%and 55.0%longer compared to those of the control ***,the number of leaves and the maximum leaf length increased by 30.2%and 39.7%;and the fresh and dry leaf weights increased by 44.0%and 33.7%,*** results demonstrate the efficacy of this system for treating swine farm wastewater whilst simultaneously producing a value-added microalgae/bacteria *** paper also demonstrated the use of biomass as a fertilizer for cultivating a value-added crop and,based on the compositional analyses,propose that the biomass could be used as a raw material for biofuel production due to its high lipid content of 24.6%.By cons

关键词： bacteria-microalgae swine wastewater environmental impact value-added biomass biofertilizer

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The Motif Tracking Algorithm

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第1期5卷 32-44页

作者： William Wilson phil Birkin Uwe Aickelin School of Computer Science University of NottinghamNottingham NG8 1BBUK

The search for patterns or motifs in data represents a problem area of key interest to finance and economic researchers. In this paper, we introduce the motif tracking algorithm （MTA）, a novel immune inspired （IS） pattern identification tool that is able to identify unknown motifs of a non specified length which repeat within time series data. The power of the algorithm comes from the fact that it uses a small number of parameters with minimal assumptions regarding the data being examined or the underlying motifs. Our interest lies in applying the algorithm to financial time series data to identify unknown patterns that exist. The algorithm is tested using three separate data sets. Particular suitability to financial data is shown by applying it to oil price data. In all cases, the algorithm identifies the presence of a motif population in a fast and efficient manner due to the utilization of an intuitive symbolic representation. The resulting population of motifs is shown to have considerable potential value for other applications such as forecasting and algorithm seeding.

关键词： Motif detection repeating patterns time series analysis artificial immune systems immune memory

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