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dietary fibre enrichment of supplemental feed modulates the development of the intestinal tract in suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 183-193页

作者： H.M.J.Van Hees M.davids d.maes S.Millet S.Possemiers L.A.den Hartog T.A.T.G.van Kempen G.P.J.Janssens department of Nutrition Genetics and EthologyGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium Research and development Trouw NutritionAmersfoortThe Netherlands department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Amsterdam University Medical CentreAmsterdamThe Netherlands department of Reproduction Obstetrics and Herd HealthGhent UniversityMerelbekeBelgium ILVO Eenheid DierMelleBelgium BioActor MaastrichtThe Netherlands Animal Nutrition Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands North Carolina State University RaleighNCUSA.

Background:Commercial pre-weaning diets are formulated to be highly digestible and nutrient-dense and contain low levels of dietary *** contrast,pigs in a natural setting are manipulating fibre-rich plant material from a young ***,dietary fibre affects gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development and health in older *** hypothesised that supplemental diets that contain vegetal fibres are accelerating GIT development in suckling piglets in terms of size and *** d 2 of life,sow-suckled piglets had access to a low fibre diet(CON),a diet with a fermentable long-chain arabinoxylan(lc-AXOS),a diet with a largely non-fermentable purified cellulose(CELL),or a diet containing both *** the initial 2 weeks,the control diet was a high-density milk replacer,followed by a dry and highly digestible creep *** weaning at 25 d,15 piglets from each treatment group,identified as eaters and originating from six or seven litters,were sacrificed for post-mortem examination of GIT morphology,small intestinal permeability and metabolic profile of the *** microbiota composition of the mid-colon was evaluated in a sub-set of ten ***:No major statistical interactions between the fibre sources were *** consumed the fibrecontaining milk supplements and creep diets *** size and small intestinal permeability was not *** intestinal fill was increased with lc-AXOS only,while relative large intestinal weight was increased with both fibre sources(Pdecreased ileal pH and tended to increase ileal dM content compared to CON(Pds was increased in the caecum(Pd midcolon(Pddition of ***-AXOS only stimulated caecal propionate(Pd a high individual variation and limited dietary ***,CELL induced minor shifts in specific genera,with notable reductions of Escherichia-Sh

关键词： dietary fibre Gut maturation Gut microbiota Suckling piglets

“猪地方性肺炎及其防治控制”专栏四:猪肺炎支原体的防治措施

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2009年第3期29卷 12-17页

作者： d.maes J.Segales T.Meyns 刘静

猪肺支原体是猪地方性肺炎的主要病原体,其普遍存在于世界各地,会给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。此病原体感染猪后通常黏附于猪呼吸道纤毛上皮,并会造成纤毛上皮的损伤。猪感染后主要表现为慢性咳嗽症状、容易发生其他呼吸道感染和生产... 详细信息

猪肺支原体是猪地方性肺炎的主要病原体,其普遍存在于世界各地,会给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。此病原体感染猪后通常黏附于猪呼吸道纤毛上皮,并会造成纤毛上皮的损伤。猪感染后主要表现为慢性咳嗽症状、容易发生其他呼吸道感染和生产性能下降。该病的控制可通过多种措施实现,首先应该完善管理措施,改善畜舍饲养环境,这包括实行全出/全进的饲养方式、减少会破坏群体免疫水平的因素、维持最佳的饲养密度、防止其他呼吸道疾病的感染,以及提供最佳的畜舍及环境条件。其次,当猪群处于呼吸道疾病感染的威胁之下时,战略性使用能够有效地预防猪肺炎支原体和最好还能预防大多数继发感染细菌的药物对预防本病非常有效。最后,商用疫苗已被广泛地用来控制猪肺炎支原体感染,接种疫苗的优点在于其能够减少临床症状、减轻肺脏损伤、减少药物的使用和提高猪群的生产性能。但是,疫苗仅能提供部分保护作用,并且不能防止病原体在猪体内的定殖。因此,应根据猪群的种类、猪场的生产系统和管理体制、感染的类型及猪农的喜好选择不同的免疫策略(免疫时机、母猪免疫、免疫接种再结合抗菌素治疗)。新疫苗正在紧锣密鼓的研究之中,如气雾苗、通过饲料接种的疫苗以及亚单位苗和dNA疫苗。按年龄进行隔离饲养和药物治疗在猪群水平上根除猪肺炎支原体感染是可能的,但该病复发的威胁将永久存在。

关键词：猪肺炎支原体地方性肺炎控制病原体感染防治呼吸道感染接种疫苗支原体感染

Biochemical dissection of STAT3 signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3229-3230页

作者： Savina Apolloni Nadia d’Ambrosi department of Biology University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons,clinically marked by muscle atrophy and *** the clinical course is highly variable,the average time from the onset of symptoms to the need for respiratory support or death is 3-5 *** is the most prevalent motor neuron disease in adults,occurring at a rate of 2 per 100,000 individuals and affecting 5.4 per 100,000 individuals overall.

关键词： STAT3 dissection sclerosis

Anti-amyloid antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: what did clinical trials teach us?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： danko Jeremic Lydia Jiménez-díaz Juan d.Navarro-López NeuroPhysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many causes of Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)may exist,both the original amyloid cascade and tau hypotheses posit that abnormal misfolding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is the central event causing the ***,that conclusion could be only partly true,and there is conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins in Ad,being able to precede and influence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with alternative explanations proposed.Aβand tau proteins may be independently involved in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial processes going on in early ***,accumulating evidence suggests that Aβand tau act synergistically,rather than additively in disease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： diogo Tomé Ramiro d.Almeida iBiMEd-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase polymorphisms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability: Experience from a single Italian institution

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 101-109页

作者： Mariarosaria d'Amato Gennaro Iengo Nicola Massa Chiara Carlomagno department of Oncology Ospedale San Rocco ASL CasertaSessa Aurunca 81037CampaniaItaly department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131CampaniaItaly

BACKGROUNd Fluoropyrimidines are metabolized in the liver by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(dPd),encoded by the dPYd *** 7%of the European population is a carrier of dPYd gene polymorphisms associated with reduced dPd enzyme *** To assess the prevalence of dPYd polymorphisms and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability in Italian patients with gastrointestinal *** A total of 300 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and treated with a fluoropyrimidine-based regimen were included in the analysis and divided into two cohorts:(1)149 patients who started fluoropyrimidines after dPYd testing;and(2)151 patients treated without dPYd *** the patients in cohort A,15%tested only the dPYd2A polymorphism,19%tested four polymorphisms(dPYd2A,HapB3,c.2846A>T,and dPYd13),and 66%tested five polymorphisms including *** Overall,14.8%of patients were found to be carriers of a dPYd variant,the most common being dPYd6(12.1%).Patients in cohort A reported≥G3 toxicities(P=0.00098),particularly fewer nonhematological toxicities(P=0.0028)compared with cohort B,whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts in hematological toxicities(P=0.6944).Significantly fewer chemotherapy dose reductions(P=0.00002)were observed in cohort A compared to cohort B,whereas there was no statistically significant differences in chemotherapy *** Although this study had a limited sample size,it provides additional information on the prevalence of dPYd polymorphisms in the Italian population and highlights the role of pharmacogenetic testing to prevent severe toxicity.

关键词： dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase dPYd polymorphisms Fluoropyrimidine Caucasian population Gastrointestinal cancers

Advancements in Liver Tumor detection:A Comprehensive Review of Various deep Learning Models

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 91-122页

作者： Shanmugasundaram Hariharan d.Anandan Murugaperumal Krishnamoorthy Vinay Kukreja Nitin Goyal Shih-Yu Chen deptartment of Artificial Intelligence and data Science Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India deptartment of CSE V.S.B College of EngineeringKarur639111India deptartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Vardhaman College of EngineeringHyderabad501218India Centre for Research Impact&Outcome Chitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering and TechnologyCentral University of HaryanaMahendergarh123031HaryanaIndia department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan Intelligence Recognition Industry Service Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and TechnologyYunlin64002Taiwan

Liver cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,and precise diagnostic tools are essential for effective treatment *** Tumors(LTs)vary significantly in size,shape,and location,and can present with tissues of similar intensities,making automatically segmenting and classifying LTs from abdominal tomography images crucial and *** review examines recent advancements in Liver Segmentation(LS)and Tumor Segmentation(TS)algorithms,highlighting their strengths and limitations regarding precision,automation,and *** metrics are utilized to assess key detection algorithms and analytical methods,emphasizing their effectiveness and relevance in clinical *** review also addresses ongoing challenges in liver tumor segmentation and identification,such as managing high variability in patient data and ensuring robustness across different imaging *** suggests directions for future research,with insights into technological advancements that can enhance surgical planning and diagnostic accuracy by comparing popular *** paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of current liver tumor detection techniques,provides a roadmap for future innovations,and improves diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes for liver cancer by integrating recent progress with remaining challenges.

关键词： Liver tumor detection liver tumor segmentation image processing liver tumor diagnosis feature extraction tumor classification deep learning machine learning

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt damien d.Pearse W.dalton dietrich Allan d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FdA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

Theoretical dFT(B3LYP)/6-31+G(d) study on the prediction of the preferred interaction site of 3-methyl-4-pyrimidone with different proton donors

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Natural Science 2012年第5期4卷 286-297页

作者： Mayaliwa Muzomwe Guido maes Okuma Emile Kasende department of Chemistry University of Leuven Leuven Belgium Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Theoretical calculations were carried out using the dFT/B3LYP/6-31+G(d) methodology in an attempt to predict the preferred interaction site of a polyfunctional heterocyclic base 3-methyl-4- pyrimidone molecule with a series of proton donors of different acidic strength, i.e. water, methanol, phenol, 1-naphtol, 2,4,5 trichlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, picric acid and hydrogen chlordide. Computed H-bond interaction energies (ΔEc), internuclear and intermolecular distances r(O…H) and r(O…O), infrared frequency shifts Δv(C=O) and (Δv(OH) are proved to be reliable parameters for predicting the preferred interaction site of 3-methyl-4-pyrimidone. These computational data suggest that the O-H…O=C complex is preferred with water, methanol, phenol, 1-naphtol, 2,4,5 trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. However, for H-bonding with stronger acids such as picric acid or hydrochloric acid, the computational data suggest that the H-bonding occurs at the N1 ring atom of 3-methyl-4-pyrimidone. In the O-H…O=C com- plex, where the H-bond at the carbonyl O-atom can be oriented “anti” (Ha) and “syn” (Hb) with respect to the N3 atom, the same computational data suggest a higher stability of the “anti-O” compared to the “syn-O” orientation.

关键词： 3-Methyl-4-pyrimidone dFT/B3LYP Calculation Proton-donor Capability