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Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in Rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero Lenzi José P.B.Silva Břetislav Šmíd Vladimir matoín Cosmin m.Istrate Corneliu Ghica Judith L.macmanus-driscoll Luís marques Physics Center of minho and Porto Universities(CF-Um-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal Laboratory of Physics for materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic National Institute of materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania department of materials Science and metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

Rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(dFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** dFT calculations also show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of V_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

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Liquid biopsy for gastric cancer:Techniques,applications,and future directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1680-1705页

作者： Cristina díaz del Arco m Jesús Fernández Aceñero Luis Ortega medina department of Surgical Pathology Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San CarlosHospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid 28040Spain department of Legal medicine Psychiatry and PathologyUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid 28040Spain

After the study of circulating tumor cells in blood through liquid biopsy(LB),this technique has evolved to encompass the analysis of multiple materials originating from the tumor,such as nucleic acids,extracellular vesicles,tumor-educated platelets,and other ***,research has extended to include the examination of samples other than blood or plasma,such as saliva,gastric juice,urine,or *** techniques are diverse,intricate,and *** must be highly sensitive,and pre-analytical,patient,and tumor-related factors significantly influence the detection threshold,diagnostic method selection,and potential ***,the implementation of LB in clinical practice still faces several *** potential applications of LB range from early cancer detection to guiding targeted therapy or immunotherapy in both early and advanced cancer cases,monitoring treatment response,early identification of relapses,or assessing patient *** the other hand,gastric cancer(GC)is a disease often diagnosed at advanced *** recent advances in molecular understanding,the currently available treatment options have not substantially improved the prognosis for many of these *** application of LB in GC could be highly valuable as a non-invasive method for early diagnosis and for enhancing the management and outcomes of these *** this comprehensive review,from a pathologist’s perspective,we provide an overview of the main options available in LB,delve into the fundamental principles of the most studied techniques,explore the potential utility of LB application in the context of GC,and address the obstacles that need to be overcome in the future to make this innovative technique a game-changer in cancer diagnosis and treatment within clinical practice.

关键词： Liquid biopsy Gastric cancer Circulating tumor cells Cell-free dNA Circulating tumor dNA molecular

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Sarcopenic obesity in patients awaiting liver transplant: Unique challenges for nutritional recommendations

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 40-47页

作者： darya m Herscovici Katherine m Cooper Alessandro Colletta michelle Rightmyer Alexandra Shingina Lauren d Feld department of medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States division of Transplant Nutrition UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States department of medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37215United States division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Sarcopenic obesity increases the risk of mortality in patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation and in the post-transplant *** recommendations for individuals with sarcopenia differ from recommendations for patients with obesity or sarcopenic *** these nutrition guidelines have been established in non-cirrhotic patients,established guidelines for liver transplant candidates with sarcopenic obesity are *** this paper,we review existing literature on sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic liver disease and address opportunities to improve nutritional counseling in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

关键词： Nutrition Sarcopenia Sarcopenic obesity Liver transplant Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease Body composition myostatin

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Forecasting of tropical cyclones ASANI (2022) and mOCHA (2023) over the Bay of Bengal - real time challenges to forecasters

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TROPICAL CYCLONE RESEARCH ANd REVIEW 2024年第2期13卷 88-112页

作者： Kotal, S. d. Arulalan, T. mohapatra, m. Govt India Minist Earth Sci India Meteorol Dept New Delhi India

This study examines the track and intensity forecasts of two typical Bay of Bengal tropical cyclones (TC) ASANI and mOCHA. The analysis of various Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) model forecasts [ECmWF (European Centre for medium range Weather Forecast), NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction), NCUm (National Centre for medium Range Weather Forecast-Unified model), Imd (India meteorological department), HWRF (Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting)], mmE (multi-model Ensemble), SCIP (Statistical Cyclone Intensity Prediction) model, and OFCL (Official) forecasts shows that intensity forecasts of ASANI and track forecasts of mOCHA were reasonably good, but there were large errors and wide variation in track forecasts of ASANI and in intensity forecasts of mOCHA. Among all model forecasts, the track forecast errors of Imd model and mmE were least in general for ASANI and mOCHA respectively. Also, the landfall point forecast errors of Imd were least for ASANI, and the mmE and OFCL forecast errors were least for mOCHA. No model is found to be consistently better for landfall time forecast for ASANI, and the errors of ECmWF, Imd and HWRF were least and of same order for mOCHA. The intensity forecast errors of OFCL and SCIP were least for ASANI, and the forecast errors of HWRF, Imd, NCEP, SCIP and OFCL were comparable and least for mOCHA up to 48 h forecast and HWRF errors were least thereafter in general. The ECmWF model forecast errors for intensity were found to be highest for both the TCs. The results also show that although there is significant improvement of track forecasts and limited or no improvement of intensity forecast in previous decades but challenges still persists in real time forecasting of both track and intensity due to wide variation and inconsistency of model forecasts for different TC cases. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China meteorological Administration. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communi

关键词： Tropical cyclone Track forecast Intensity forecast NWP model Bay of Bengal North Indian Ocean NORTH INdIAN-OCEAN INTENSITY PREdICTION ATLANTIC BASIN TRACK FORECAST LANdFALL PACIFIC mOdEL EYE

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Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.minárik m.Zemková S.Šašek J.dittrich m.Knapek F.Lukáˇc d.Koutný J.Jaroš R.Král Faculty of mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of machine and Industrial design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(SPS)and selective laser melting(SLm).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the SLm material and unmeasurably low porosity in the SPS *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 mPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the SLm and SPS materials,*** corrosion resistance of the SPS material in 0.1 m NaCl solution was superior to the SLm one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the SLm *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the SPS consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy microstructure mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

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Generating Baikal-GVd high energy cascade-like neutrino events with a GEANT4-based simulation toolkit

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 256-263页

作者： Zike Wang A.d.Avrorin Zhen Cao mingjun Chen Peiyuan Chu Zh.-A.m.dzhilkibaev Bo Gao Tianqi Huang Jiali Liu Ying Qi Xiaohao You d.N.Zaborov Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Experimental Physics division&Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center Chengdu 610213China School of Science Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China

Using the GEANT4 and Cosmic Ray monte Carlo(CRmC)software packages,we developed a new simulation toolkit for astrophysical neutrino *** configuring the Baikal-GVd detector and comparing the vertex position and direction of incident particles,as well as the channel-by-channel signals,to the events detected by Baikal-GVd,we successfully generated 13 high-energy cascade neutrino events with the *** analysis revealed a systematic offset between the reconstructed shower position and the true interaction position,with a distance close to the scale of the shower maximum of−0.54±1.29 *** achieved a good linear relationship between the photoelectron number of neutrino events obtained by simulation and the real data measured by *** simulation toolkit could serve as a reliable basis for studying the performance of astrophysical neutrino telescopes.

关键词： high-energy neutrino cascade event simulation Cherenkov

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Polio eradication surveillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： m.A.Y.Fernando N.S.madarasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe d.C.U.d.Weligamage J.I.Abeynayake department of medical microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka medical Research Institute Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evaluate the polio laboratory surveillance carried out from January,2019 to may,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective study analyzed all stool samples received under the acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)and immunodeficient vaccine-derived poliovirus(VdPV)surveillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from January,2019 to may,*** results of the testing methodologies were extracted from the laboratory data system,i.e.,poliovirus virus isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VdPV real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(ITd/VdPV rRTPCR)and sequencing,along with the data on timing of reporting results,stool adequacy and *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool samples from 1644 cases were received for AFP surveillance from Sri Lanka(93.61%),maldives(1.52%),and immunodeficient VdPV(4.86%)*** polioviruses(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviruses(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 virus was detected in majority(12/19,63.15%)among the poliovirus *** polioviruses or circulating VdPVs were not detected among the *** all years of the study,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequacy rate was>80%.All results were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensuring timely reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in maintaining the polio-free status in the country through its robust laboratory surveillance,while adhering to the surveillance ***-detection of wild polioviruses and circulating VdPV during the study period reinforces the polio-free status in the country.

关键词： Poliovirus Polio laboratory surveillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3d time‑domain modelling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche P.K.Woodward d.medina‑Pineda Q.Corbisez J.Y.Shih d.P.Connolly Institute for High‑Speed Rail and System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transport Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance *** this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in *** is then compared to the performance of a ballasted ***,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track *** the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track *** slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the *** travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical *** train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and ***,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional *** is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

关键词： High-speed railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted track Critical speeds Finite element modelling Calibration of numerical models

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Comparison of Treatment Efficacy of different Number of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection Sites for Crow's Feet Lines: A Single-Center Retrospective Clinical Study in Vietnam

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International Journal of dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 131-136页

作者： Nguyen Quang m. Le Thi m. duong Phuc H. Vu Thai H. Le Huu d. department of Stem Cell Research and Application National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam department of Healthcare Activity direction National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam department of dermatology Hanoi Medical University Hanoi 100000 Viet Nam

Objective: Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to treat crow's feet lines. However, the optimal dose and injection sites are still controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of different botulinum toxin type A injection patterns for the treatment of crow's feet. methods: This single-center, retrospective, clinical study was conducted at the National Hospital of dermatology and Venereology from July 2020 to december 2020. data on 60 patients with crow's feet were collected and divided into 2 groups (3- or 4-point intramuscular injection) according to the intramuscular injection technique the patients received. The treatment efficacy was assessed based on the changes in the Crow's Feet Grading Scale score at 1, 4, and 16 weeks after treatment. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used for the assessment of changes in scores over time between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the average Crow's Feet Grading Scale score was significantly decreased compared with the pretreatment score at all timepoints (1, 4, and 16 weeks) in both states (dynamic: For 3-point intramuscular injection technique, 1 week: 1.90 ± 0.71 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 4 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.68 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56; 16 weeks: 2.60 ± 0.67 vs. 2.97 ± 0.56. For 4-point intramuscular injection technique, 1 week: 1.73 ± 0.83 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 4 weeks: 1.73 ± 0.74 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49; 16 weeks: 2.57 ± 0.68 vs. 3.03 ± 0.49, all P d static: For 3-point intramuscular injection technique, 1 week: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 4 weeks: 1.20 ± 0.89 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.20 ± 0.85; For 4-point intramuscular injection technique, 1 week: 1.50 ± 0.86 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 4 weeks: 1.33 ± 0.84 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84; 16 weeks: 1.87 ± 0.97 vs. 2.30 ± 0.84. All P d satisfaction scores after treatment were significantly higher in the 4-point injection group than in the 3-point injection group (P = 0.028). The adverse events were pos

关键词： botulinum toxin type A crow's feet lines dose injection site

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.V.Nadaraia d.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.S.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov V.V.Kumeiko d.N.Kozyrev K.A.Fomenko V.V.mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.L.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of marine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical dermatovenerological dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia NmIC“Treatment and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to SEm,EdS,XRd and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

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