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dietary lecithin improves feed efficiency without impacting meat quality in immunocastrated male pigs and gilts fed a summer ration containing added fat

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 203-209页

作者： Henny Akit Cherie Collins Fahri Fahri Alex Hung darryl d'Souza Brian Leury Frank dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd. Australian Pork Ltd.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and dietary lecithin on growth performance,meat quality, muscle collagen content and gene expression of key genes involved in collagen synthesis in finisher pigs.A total of 256 pigs(Large White × Landrace) were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement involving sex(gilt or immunocastrated [IC] male) and dietary treatment(0 or 5 g/kg of dietary lecithin).All diets were formulated to contain 4.6% tallow with relatively high total fat of 6.3%.After 5 weeks of dietary treatment, pigs were slaughtered and Longissimus dorsi muscle was obtained for evaluation of meat quality and collagen *** abdominis muscle was analysed for gene expression of key genes involved in collagen synthesis namely, type Ⅰ(a1) procollagen(COL1A1), type Ⅲ(a1) procollagen(COL3A1), a-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase(P4H), lysyl oxidase and metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1).The results showed that lecithin improved feed efficiency of all pigs(P d no effect on feed intake, average daily gain and dressing percentage(P > 0.05).Lecithin also had no effect on meat compression, shear force, collagen content and gene expression(P > 0.05).Immunocastrated male had higher growth rate and increased COL1 A1 expression than ***, sex had no effect on fat depth at the P2 site(65 mm from the midline over the last rib), collagen content and expression of other genes(P > 0.05).In conclusion, lecithin improved feed efficiency in finishing pigs without impacting pork ***, inclusion of lecithin in diets containing high amount of tallow during the summer period could be beneficial.

关键词： Fat Feed efficiency Lecithin Meat quality Pigs

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Simulation of erosion-deposition processes at basin scale by a physically-based mathematical model

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第2期25卷 91-109页

作者： Pedro A. BASILE Gerardo A. RICCARdI Erik d. ZIMMERMANN Hernán R. STENTA Hydraulics department School of Civil EngineeringNational University of Rosario Research Scientist Centre for Hydro-Environmental ResearchNational University of Rosario Research Scientist Research Council of National University of Rosario(CIUNR) Research Scientist National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONICET)

The development and application of the physically-based and spatially-distributed mathematical model CTSS8-SEd is presented. The model simulates hydrologic-hydraulic processes produced by storm events and related soil erosion and sediment transport processes at basin scale in lowland areas. The model simulates (i) storm runoff,(ii) soil detachment by raindrop impact and overland flow (gross sediment yield),(iii) sediment transport by overland flow and associated erosion-deposition processes and (iv) sediment transport by stream flow and riverbed erosion-deposition processes. A quasi two-dimensional representation of water flow and sediment transport routing is made by means of interconnected cells approach. The model is applied to simulate two flooding events in the Luduea Creek basin (Santa Fe, Argentina) occurred in April 1994 and March 2007 due to extraordinary rainfalls.

关键词： Mathematical modeling Erosion Sedimentation Ludue?a Creek Argentina

Bone tissue engineering via nanostructured calcium phosphate biomaterials and stem cells

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Bone Research 2014年第3期2卷 139-151页

作者： Ping Wang Liang Zhao Jason Liu Michael d Weir Xuedong Zhou Hockin H K Xu Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering division Department of Endodontics Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD 21201 USA State Key Laboratory of Oral diseases West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Mechanical Engineering department University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21201 USA

Tissue engineering is promising to meet the increasing need for bone regeneration. Nanostructured calcium phosphate （CAP） biomaterials/scaffolds are of special interest as they share chemical/crystallographic similarities to inorganic components of bone. Three applications of nano-CaP are discussed in this review： nanostructured calcium phosphate cement （CPC）; nano-CaP composites; and nano-CaP coatings. The interactions between stem cells and nano-CaP are highlighted, including cell attachment, orientation/ morphology, differentiation and in vivo bone regeneration. Several trends can be seen：（i） nano-CaP biomaterials support stem cell attachment/proliferation and induce osteogenic differentiation, in some cases even without osteogenic supplements; （ii） the influence of nano-CaP surface patterns on cell alignment is not prominent due to non-uniform distribution of nano-crystals; （iii） nano-CaP can achieve better bone regeneration than conventional CaP biomaterials; （iv） combining stem cells with nano-CaP accelerates bone regeneration, the effect of which can be further enhanced by growth factors; and （v） cell microencapsulation in nano-CaP scaffolds is promising for bone tissue engineering. These understandings would help researchers to further uncover the underlying mechanisms and interactions in nano-CaP stem cell constructs in vitro and in vivo, tailor nano-CaP composite construct design and stem cell type selection to enhance cell function and bone regeneration, and translate laboratory findings to clinical treatments.

关键词： CPC Bone tissue engineering via nanostructured calcium phosphate biomaterials and stem cells stem

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Hydrothermal carbonization of livestock mortality for the reduction of pathogens and microbially-derived dNA

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 107-114页

作者： Thomas F. ducey Jessica C. Collins Kyoung S. Ro Bryan L. Woodbury d. dee Griffin Coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Florence SC 29501 USA South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics Hartsville SC 29550 USA U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Clay Center NE 68933 USA University of Nebraska-Lincoln Great Plains Veterinary Education Center Lincoln NE 68588 USA

Hydrothermal carbonization （HTC）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of emerging concern （CEC） in a environmental and economical manner. Livestock mortality is one facet of agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of data on the elimination of microbially- derived dNA in these treatment practices. This dNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTC treatments have been successfully utilized for the treatment of CECs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTC treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability ofmicrobially-derived dNA in the HTC treatment of livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplification of a plasmid-bome reporter gene carried by Escherichia coli dH 10B introduced to both beef bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and 200℃ were sufficient for eliminating microbial dNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTC treatment recommendations for livestock mortality when considering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature carbonization Microbial dNA Livestock mortality

Gastric neuroendocrine tumor: A practical literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第8期12卷 850-856页

作者： Gabriel Antonio Roberto Carolina Magalhães Britto Rodrigues Renata d’Alpino Peixoto Riad Naim Younes Bachelor Medicine União das Faculdades dos Grandes LagosSão Josédo Rio Preto15030070Brazil department of Oncology Hospital Alemão Oswaldo CruzSão Paulo 01327001Brazil Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo 01327001Brazil department of Thoracic Surgery Hospital Alemão Oswaldo CruzSão Paulo 01327001Brazil

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are gastric neoplasms originating from enterochromaffin type cells and are inserted in a larger group,named gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine *** are considered rare and variable in terms of their clinical,morphological and functional characteristics and may be indolent or *** are classified into types I,II and III,according to their pathophysiology,behavior and *** diagnosis occurs,in most cases,incidentally during upper digestive endoscopies,presenting as simple gastric *** cases(type I and type II)are related to hypergastrinemia,can be multiple and are treated by endoscopic resection,whenever *** use of somatostatin analogs for tumor control may be one of the options for therapy,in addition to total or subtotal gastrectomy for selected *** chemotherapy is only reserved for poorly differentiated neuroendocrine *** rare,gastric neuroendocrine tumors have an increasing incidence over the years,therefore deserving more comprehensive studies on its adequate *** present study reviews and updates management recommendations for gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

关键词： Gastric neuroendocrine tumor Gastroenteropancreatic tumor Hypergastrinemia Gastric carcinoid Endoscopic resection

A study of the correlation between dengue and weather in Kandy City, Sri Lanka (2003 -2012) and lessons learned

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 345-358,344页

作者： N d B Ehelepola Kusalika Ariyaratne W M N P Buddhadasa Sunil Ratnayake Malani Wickramasinghe The Teaching(General)Hospital-Kandy KandySri Lanka Faculty of Engineering University of RuhunaHapugalaSri Lanka

Background:Weather variables affect dengue *** study aimed to identify a dengue weather correlation pattern in Kandy,Sri Lanka,compare the results with results of similar studies,and establish ways for better control and prevention of ***:We collected data on reported dengue cases in Kandy and mid-year population data from 2003 to 2012,and calculated weekly *** obtained daily weather data from two weather stations and converted it into weekly *** studied correlation patterns between dengue incidence and weather variables using the wavelet time series analysis,and then calculated cross-correlation coefficients to find magnitudes of ***:We found a positive correlation between dengue incidence and rainfall in millimeters,the number of rainy and wet days,the minimum temperature,and the night and daytime,as well as average,humidity,mostly with a five-to seven-week ***,we found correlations between dengue incidence and maximum and average temperatures,hours of sunshine,and wind,with longer lag *** incidences showed a negative correlation with wind ***:Our results showed that rainfall,temperature,humidity,hours of sunshine,and wind are correlated with local dengue *** have suggested ways to improve dengue management routines and to control it in these times of global *** also noticed that the results of dengue weather correlation studies can vary depending on the data analysis.

关键词： dengue Weather Aedes Wavelet analyses Time series Neglected diseases Climate change Sri Lanka disease vectors

differences between amorphous indium oxide thin films

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2013年第5期23卷 475-480页

作者： d.Bruce Buchholz Li Zeng Michael J.Bedzyk Robert P.H.Chang department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University

A series of 60~nm thick indium oxide thin-films,all amorphous as determined by x-ray diffraction,were found to have physical and electrical properties that depended on the temperature of *** carrier mobility and flm conductivity decreased with decreasing deposition temperature;the best electrical properties of high mobility and conductivity were observed at a deposition temperature just below the temperature at which crystalline films *** density of the flm also decreased with deposition temperature from 7.2g/cm3 at+50℃ to 5.3g/cm3 at 100℃.

关键词： Transparent conducting oxide Semiconductor Oxide Amorphous deposition temperature

Taxonomy and phylogeny of operculate discomycetes: Pezizomycetes

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Fungal diversity 2018年第3期90卷 161-243页

作者： Anusha H.Ekanayaka Kevin d.Hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Qi Zhao Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand

The class Pezizomycetes is monophyletic within the subdivision Pezizomycotina. The main distinguishing character of thisclass is operculate asci, although in some taxa this character has been lost. The circumscription of the families and genericlevel delimitation in Pezizomycetes is still controversial, although several molecular phylogenetic studies have beenpublished on this group. This paper reviews 21 families of Pezizomycetes including five new families, which are introduced here, viz. Kallistoskyphaceae, Pseudombrophilaceae, Pulvinulaceae, Strobiloscyphaceae and Tarzettaceae. Moreover, this study provides a modified backbone tree based on phylogenetic analysis of five combined loci. descriptions andillustrations of representative taxa for the families are provided from collections made in China, Thailand and the UK,herbarium material from international herbaria (FH, FLAS, H, HKAS and MA) and the literature. Pezizales separates intosix major clades. Clade 1 of Pezizales includes the families Ascobolaceae and Pezizaceae. Clade 2 is the new familyKallistoskyphaceae. Clade 3 comprises the families Caloscyphaceae, Karstenellaceae and Rhizinaceae. Clade 4 representsthe families discinaceae, Helvellaceae, Morchellaceae, Tuberaceae and Underwoodia columnaris lineage. Clade 5includes Chorioactidaceae, Sarcoscyphaceae and Sarcosomataceae and Clade 6 comprises Ascodesmidaceae, Glaziellaceae, Otideaceae, Pseudombrophilaceae, Pulvinulaceae, Pyronemataceae, Strobiloscyphaceae and Tarzettaceae. Newsequence data belonging to ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, RPB2 gene regions from 40 pezizalian species are provided here. Thepaper provides a working document for apothecial Pezizomycetes which can be modified as new data comes to light. It ishoped that by illustrating taxa we provide stimulation and interest in the operculate discomycetes, so that further research iscarried out on this remarkable, but poorly studied group of fungi.

关键词： Apothecial ascomycetes Five new families Multi-gene analysis Systematics Tuberales

Statistical optimization of lignocellulosic waste containing culture medium for enhanced production of cellulase by Bacillus tequilensis G9

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Waste disposal and Sustainable Energy 2019年第3期1卷 213-226页

作者： Mudasir A.dar Kiran d.Pawar Jyoti M.Chintalchere Radhakrishna S.Pandit department of Zoology Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityGaneshkhindPuneMaharashtra 411007India School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji UniversityVidyanagarKolhapurMaharashtra 416004India

The ever increasing energy demands of modern civilization and rapidly dwindling fossil fuels point towards a renewable substitute like ***,higher costs associated with biofuel productions is the major bottleneck for its *** present study demonstrates the use of a statistical approach called response surface methodology(RSM)to investigate the optimum parameters for maximum production of cellulase by Bacillus tequilensis *** Plackett-Bur-man design(PB)of the RSM analysis indicated grass straw(GS)concentration,pH,FeSO4,inoculum,MgSO4,incubation period and NH4Cl as significant variables that influence the cellulase ***,to propose the best medium for the maximum production of cellulase by *** G9,the most influential parameters,namely concentrations of GS as substrate,FeSO4,pH,inoculum size,*** fine-tuned by central composite design(CCd)involving four factors and five *** CCd analysis demonstrated 8%substrate concentration,1.5%of inoculum along with 10 ppm FeSO4 and a pH of 5.5 in media as optimum conditions for highest enzyme *** field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis of the treated GS showed structural alterations depicting significant deconstruction caused by *** *** yield of the partially purified cellulase proteins were found to be 21%revealing molecular mass between 30 and 97 *** enhanced cellulase production by *** G9 demonstrated in our study brands its applications in many industrial processes like biorefinery,biofuels,etc.

关键词： Bacillus tequilensis G9 Cellulase production Plackett-Burman design Central composite design RSM Saccharification