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Recovery mechanisms of somatosensory function in stroke patients: implications of brain imaging studies

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第3期29卷 366-372页

作者： Sung Ho jang department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of Medicine Yeungnam University

Somatosensory dysfunction is associated with a high incidence of functional impairment and safety in patients with stroke. With developments in brain mapping techniques, many studies have addressed the recovery of various functions in such patients. However, relatively little is known about the mechanisms of recovery of somatosensory function. Based on the previous human studies, a review of 11 relevant studies on the mecha- nisms underlying the recovery of somatosensory function in stroke patients was conducted based on the fol- lowing topics：（1） recovery of an injured somatosensory pathway, （2） peri-lesional reorganization, （3） contribu- tion of the unaffected somatosensory cortex, （4） contribution of the secondary somatosensory cortex, and （5） mechanisms of recovery in patients with thalamic lesions. We believe that further studies in this field using combinations of diffusion tensor imaging, functional neuroimaging, and magnetoencephalography are needed. in addition, the clinical significance, critical period, and facilitatory strategies for each recovery mechanism should be clarified.

关键词： stroke somatosensory recovery brain mapping brain plasticity

Structural neural connectivity of the vestibular nuclei in the human brain:a diffusion tensor imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 727-730页

作者： Sung Ho jang Mi Young Lee Sang Seok Yeo Hyeok Gyu Kwon department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam University department of Physical Therapy College of Health and TherapyDaegu Haany University department of Physical Therapy College of Health SciencesDankook University department of Physical Therapy College of Health SciencesCatholic University of Pusan

Many animal studies have reported on the neural connectivity of the vestibular nuclei（VN）.However,little is reported on the structural neural connectivity of the VN in the human *** this study,we attempted to investigate the structural neural connectivity of the VN in 37 healthy subjects using diffusion tensor tractography.A seed region of interest was placed on the isolated VN using probabilistic diffusion tensor *** was defined as the incidence of connection between the VN and each brain *** VN showed 100% connectivity with the cerebellum,thalamus,oculomotor nucleus,trochlear nucleus,abducens nucleus,and reticular formation,irrespective of *** the threshold of 5 streamlines,the VN showed connectivity with the primary motor cortex（95.9%）,primary somatosensory cortex（90.5%）,premotor cortex（87.8%）,hypothalamus（86.5%）,posterior parietal cortex（75.7%）,lateral prefrontal cortex（70.3%）,ventromedial prefrontal cortex（51.4%）,and orbitofrontal cortex（40.5%）,*** results suggest that the VN showed high connectivity with the cerebellum,thalamus,oculomotor nucleus,trochlear nucleus,abducens nucleus,and reticular formation,which are the brain regions related to the functions of the VN,including equilibrium,control of eye movements,conscious perception of movement,and spatial orientation.

关键词： nerve regeneration vestibular nuclei neural connectivity diffusion tensor tractography cerebellum oculomotor nucleus neural regeneration

Flexible electronics based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional hybrid nanomaterials

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infoMat 2020年第1期2卷 33-56页

作者： Jihun Park Jae Chul Hwang Gon Guk Kim jang-Ung Park department of Materials Science and Engineering Nano Science Technology InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Yonsei-IBS InstituteSeoulRepublic of Korea

Research on flexible or wearable electronics has been grown remarkably due to the advent of nanomaterials,such as metal nanowires,graphene,or transition metal *** each nanomaterial has mechanical and electrical characteristics that can be applied into flexible electronics,the limitations of each nanomaterial are also *** order to overcome the limitations of these nanomaterials,research on the hybrid structures of nanomaterials has been extensively *** this study,we introduce the properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials,twodimensional nanomaterials,and their hybrid *** then,we provide information concerning various flexible electronics based on these nanomaterials.

关键词： flexible electronics hybrid nanomaterials one-dimensional nanomaterials two-dimensional nanomaterials wearable electronics

Chemical modification of ordered/disordered carbon nanostructures for metal hosts and electrocatalysts of lithium-air batteries

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infoMat 2022年第1期4卷 105-129页

作者： Jeongyeon Lee Tae Hyung Lee Ho Won jang Ho Seok Park School of Chemical Engineering Convergence Research Center for Energy and Environmental SciencesDepartment of Health Sciences and TechnologySamsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)SuwonRepublic of Korea institute of Textiles Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Although lithium-air batteries(LABs)are considered the promising alternative of existing lithium–ion batteries owing to their high energy density of 11680 W h kg^(-1),their practical applications are limited by the technical issues,such as unstable solid electrolyte interface and dendrite formation from metal anode and insufficient bifunctional activities and durability from cathode *** order to resolve these bottlenecks,carbon nanostructures have been investigated owing to their high surface area,excellent electrical conductivity,electrochemical stability,and various modification ***,we comprehensively review a recent progress on the design of carbon nanostructures for their applications into metal hosts,protection layers,and bifunctional electrocatalysts of *** correlation between the crystalline,electronic,porous,and chemical structures and the electrochemical properties of carbon nanomaterials are discussed depending on their classification and *** chemical modifications,such as morphological control,hierarchical architecturing,heteroatom incorporation,and the formation of composites,for the improved electrochemical performances of anode and cathode will be also ***,we deal with the perspectives for the ongoing obstruction and future guidance.

关键词： bifunctional catalysts carbon nanostructures lithium-air batteries metal anodes surface modification

Segmented tomographic evaluation of structural degradation of carbon support in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 359-367,I0010页

作者： Jung A.Hong Min-Hyoung Jung Sung Yong Cho Eun-Byeol Park daehee Yang Young-Hoon Kim Sang-Hyeok Yang Woo-Sung jang Jae Hyuck jang Hyo June Lee Sungchul Lee Hu Young Jeong Young-Min Kim department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea Fuel Cell Core Parts development Cell Hyundai Mobis Co.Ltd.Uiwang 16082Republic of Korea Electron Microscopy&Spectroscopy Team Korea Basic Science Institute(KBSI)Daejeon 34133Republic of Korea Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and devices Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea

The variation of the three-dimensional(3d)structure of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell during proton exchange cycling involves the corrosion/compaction of the carbon *** increasing degradation of the carbon structure continuously reduces the electrocatalytic performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEM-FCs).This phenomenon can be explained by performing 3d tomographic analysis at the ***,conventional tomographic approaches which present limited experimental feasibility,cannot perform such evaluation and have not provided sufficient structural information with statistical significance thus ***,a reliable methodology is required for the 3d geometrical evaluation of the carbon ***,we propose a segmented tomographic approach which employs pore network analysis that enables the visualization of the geometrical parameters corresponding to the porous carbon structure at a high *** approach can be utilized to evaluate the 3d structural degradation of the porous carbon structure after cycling in terms of local surface area,pore size distribution,and their 3d *** geometrical parameters of the carbon body were demonstrated to be substantially reduced owing to the cycling-induced *** information enables a deeper understanding of the degradation phenomenon of carbon supports and can contribute to the development of stable PEM-FC electrodes.

关键词： Electron tomography Fuel cell Proton exchange membrane Membrane electrode assembly Carbon corrosion

Statistics of oxidation resistance of Ni-(0-15)Co-(8-15)Cr-(0-5)Mo-(0-10)W-(3-8)Al-(0-5)Ti-(0-10)Ta-0.1C-0.01B superalloys at 1000℃ by compositional variations

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Rare Metals 2020年第8期39卷 918-927页

作者： Si-Jun Park Kyu-Hyuk Lee Seong-Moon Seo Hi-Won Jeong Young-Soo Yoo HeeJin jang Multi-Material Research Center Gwangju-Jeonnam DivisionKorea Automotive Technology InstituteGwangju 62207Republic of Korea department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea High Temperature Materials Group Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea

The effects of alloying elements(Co,Cr,Mo,W,Al,Ti,and Ta)on the oxidation resistance of Ni-(0-15)Co-(8-15)Cr-(0-5)Mo-(0-10)W-(3-8)Al-(0-5)Ti-(0-10)Ta-0.1 C-0.01 B alloys were *** sample compositions were designed by the Box-Behnken method of design of experiments(dOE).The alloying elements show complicated effects on the mass gain due to oxidation,depending on the alloy *** reduces the mass gain *** other elements except Al do not appear to exert a strong effect on the oxidation rate on average,but their influences are shown clearly in the alloys with a low Al ***,W,and Ta reduce the oxidation rate,while Cr,Mo,and Ti promote *** is the most effective element in reducing the oxidation rate of the alloy with a low Al *** is confirmed that a continuous Al2O3 layer is essentially required for high oxidation *** oxide scale of easily oxidized alloys has various oxides such as NiCr2O4,NiAl2O4,NiO,Cr2O3,CrTaO4,and TiO2.

关键词： High temperature oxidation Alloy composition Ni-based superalloy Oxidation resistance design of experiments

Enhancement of the polynomial functions response surface model for real-time analyzing ozone sensitivity

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 155-168页

作者： Jiangbo Jin Yun Zhu Jicheng jang Shuxiao Wang Jia Xing Pen-Chi Chiang Shaojia Fan Shicheng Long Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control College of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou 510006China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Graduate institute of Environmental Engineering Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10673China Carbon Cycle Research Center Taiwan UniversityTaipei 10672China

Quantification of the nonlinearities between ambient ozone(O3)and the emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOx)and volatile organic compound(VOC)is a prerequisite for an effective O3 control *** Enhanced polynomial functions Response Surface Model(Epf-RSM)with the capability to analyze O3-NOx-VOC sensitivities in real time was developed by integrating the hill-climbing adaptive method into the optimized Extended Response Surface Model(ERSM)*** Epf-RSM could single out the best suited polynomial function for each grid cell to quantify the responses of O3 concentrations to precursor emission *** comparisons between Epf-RSM and pf-ERSM(polynomial functions based ERSM)were performed using out-of-sample validation,together with comparisons of the spatial distribution and the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach *** comparison results showed that Epf-RSM effectively addressed the drawbacks of pf-ERSM with respect to overfitting in the margin areas and high biases in the transition *** O3 concentrations predicted by Epf-RSM agreed well with Community Multi-scale Air Quality simulation *** case study results in the Pearl River delta and the north-western area of the Shandong province indicated that the O3 formations in the central areas of both the regions were more sensitive to anthropogenic VOC in January,April,and October,while more NOx-sensitive in July.

关键词： Response surface model Hill-climbing algorithm Ozone pollution Precursor emissions Control strategy

Oxygen-deficient SnO_(2)nanoparticles with ultrathin carbon shell for efficient electrocatalytic N_(2)reduction

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第4期7卷 672-679页

作者： Guangkai Li Haeseong jang Zijian Li Jia Wang Xuqiang Ji Min Gyu Kim Xien Liu Jaephil Cho State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdaoUniversity of Science and TechnologyQingdao266042China department of Energy Engineering School of Energy and Chemical EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan689-798South Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Beamline Research division Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL)Pohang790-784South Korea

For high-efficiency NH_(3)synthesis via ambient-condition electrohydrogenation of inert N_(2),it is pivotal to ingeniously design an active electrocatalyst with multiple features of abundant surfacial deficiency,good conductivity and large surface ***,oxygen-deficient SnO_(2)nanoparticles encapsulated by ultrathin carbon layer(d-SnO_(2)@C)are developed by hydrothermal deposition coupled with annealing process,as promising catalysts for ambient electrocatalytic N_(2)reduction.d-SnO_(2)@C exhibits high activity and excellent selectivity for electrocatalytic conversion of N_(2)to NH_(3)in acidic electrolytes,with Faradic efficiency as high as 12.7%at-0.15 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)and large NH_(3)yield rate of 16.68μg h^(-1)mgcat^(-1)at-0.25 V *** in 0.1 mol L^(-1)*** from the structural superiority of enhanced charge transfer efficiency and optimized surface states,d-SnO_(2)@C also achieves excellent long-term stability.

关键词： N_(2)reduction reaction NH_(3)synthesis SnO_(2) Electrocatalysts Ambient conditions

dual-light emitting 3d encryption with printable fluorescent-phosphorescent metal-organic frameworks

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第10期12卷 2172-2186页

作者： Jin Woo Oh Seokyeong Lee Hyowon Han Omar Allam Ji il Choi Hyeokjung Lee Wei Jiang Jihye jang Gwanho Kim Seungsoo Mun Kyuho Lee Yeonji Kim Jong Woong Park Seonju Lee Seung Soon jang Cheolmin Park department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea The George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology801 Ferst DriveAtlantaGA 30332-0405USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology771 Ferst DriveAtlantaGA 30332-0245USA Om Spin Convergence Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea

Optical encryption technologies based on room-temperature light-emitting materials are of considerable ***,we present three-dimensional(3d)printable dual-light-emitting materials for high-performance optical pattern *** are based on fluorescent perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)embedded in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)designed for phosphorescent host-guest ***,perovskite-containing MOFs emit a highly efficient blue phosphorescence,and perovskite NCs embedded in the MOFs emit characteristic green or red fluorescence under ultraviolet(UV)*** dual-light-emitting MOFs with independent fluorescence and phosphorescence emissions are employed in pochoir pattern encryption,wherein actual information with transient phosphorescence is efficiently concealed behind fake information with fluorescence under UV ***,a 3d cubic skeleton is developed with the dual-light-emitting MOF powder dispersed in 3d-printable polymer filaments for 3d dual-pattern *** article outlines a universal principle for developing MOF-based room-temperature multi-light-emitting materials and a strategy for multidimensional information encryption with enhanced capacity and security.

关键词： perovskite light pattern