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The new era of cardiovascular research:revolutionizing cardiovascular research with 3d models in a dish

Medical Review 2024年第1期4卷 68-85页

作者： Yuan Yang Hao Yang Fedir n.Kiskin Joe Z.Zhang Institute of neurological and Psychiatric disorders Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of neurological and Psychiatric disorders Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132Guangdong ProvinceChina

Cardiovascular research has heavily relied on studies using patient samples and animal ***,patient studies often miss the data from the crucial early stage of cardiovascular diseases,as obta.ning primary tissues at this stage is *** animal models can offer some insights into disease mechanisms,although they usually do not fully recapitulate the phenotype of cardiovascular diseases and their *** recent years,a promising breakthrough has emerged in the form of in vitro three-dimensional(3d)cardiovascular models utilizing human pluripotent stem *** innovative models recreate the intricate 3d structure of the human heart and vessels within a controlled *** advancement is pivotal as it addresses the existing gaps in cardiovascular research,allowing scientists to study different stages of cardiovascular diseases and specific drug responses using human-origin *** this review,we first outline various approaches employed to generate these *** then comprehensively discuss their applications in studying cardiovascular diseases by providing insights into molecular and cellular changes associated with cardiovascular condi***,we highlight the potential of these 3d models serving as a platform for drug testing to assess drug efficacy and *** their immense potential,challenges persist,particularly in ma.nta.ning the complex structure of 3d heart and vessel models and ensuring their function is comparable to real ***,overcoming these challenges could revolutionize cardiovascular *** has the potential to offer comprehensive mechanistic insights into human-specific disease processes,ultimately expediting the development of personalized therapies.

关键词： pluripotent stem cells three-dimensional(3d)models cardiac microtissues cardiac organoids vessel organoids organ-on-a-chip

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Impact of Clocking on the Aero-Thermodynamics of a Second Stator tested in a One and a Half Stage HP Turbine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第2期17卷 97-110页

作者： n.Billiard.g.Paniagua R.dénos Turbomachinery and Propulsion department von Karman Institute for Fluid dynamics

This paper focuses on the experimental investigation of the time-averaged and time-accurate aero- thermodynamics of a second stator tested in a 1.5 stage high-pressure turbine. The effect of clocking on aerodynamic and heat transfer are investigated. Tests are performed under engine representative conditions in the VKI compression tube CT3. The test program includes four different clocking positions, i.e. relative pitch-wise positions between the fh-st and the second stator. Probes located upstream and downstream of the second stator provide the thermodynamic conditions of the flow field. On the second stator airfoil, measurements are taken around the blade profile at 15, 50 and 85% span with pressure sensors and thin-film gauges. Both time-averaged and time-resolved aspects of the flow field are addressed. Regarding the time-averaged results, clocking effects are ma.nly observed within the leading edge region of the second stator, the largest effects being observed at 15% span. The surface static pressure distribution is changed locally, hence affecting the overall airfoil performance. For one clocking position, the thermal load of the airfoil is noticeably reduced. Pressure fluctuations are attributed to the passage of the up- stream transonic rotor and its associated pressure gradients. The pattern of these fluctuations changes noticeably as a function of docking. The time-resolved variations of heat flux and static pressure are analyzed together showing that the major effect is due to a potential interaction. The time-resolved pressure distribution integrated along the second stator surface yields the unsteady forces on the vane. The ma.nitude of the unsteady force is very dependent on the clocking position.

关键词： transonic flow turbines stator clocking forces heat transfer.

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Erlotinib combination with a mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone effectively suppresses pancreatic cancer cell survival

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 714-726页

作者： Pui-Yin Leung Wenjing Chen Anissa.n Sari Poojitha Sitaram Pui-Kei Wu Susan Tsai Jong-In Park department of Biochemistry Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States department of Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

BACKgROUnd Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related *** activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EgFR)is often observed in pancreatic cancer,and the small molecule EgFR inhibitor erlotinib has been approved for pancreatic cancer therapy by the food and drug ***,erlotinib alone is ineffective and should be combined with other drugs to improve therapeutic *** previously showed that certa.n receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors can increase mitochondrial membrane potential(Δψm),facilitate tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis,and subsequently trigger tumor cell *** has not been tested for this *** To determine whether erlotinib can elevateΔψm and increase tumor cell uptake ofΔψm-sensitive agents,subsequently triggering tumor cell ***Δψm-sensitive fluorescent dye was used to determine how erlotinib affectsΔψm in pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PdAC)cell *** viability of conventional and patient-derived primary PdAC cell lines in 2d-and 3d cultures was measured after treating cells sequentially with erlotinib and mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone(MitoQ),aΔψm-sensitive *** synergy between erlotinib and MitoQ was then analyzed using SynergyFinder *** preclinical efficacy of the twodrug combination was determined using immune-compromised nude mice bearing PdAC cell line *** Erlotinib elevatedΔψm in PdAC cells,facilitating tumor cell uptake and mitochondrial enrichment ofΔψm-sensitive *** triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in PdAC cells in culture if used at high doses,while erlotinib pretreatment potentiated low doses of *** suggested that these drugs synergistically induced tumor cell *** with in vitro data,erlotinib and MitoQ combination suppressed human PdAC cell line xenografts in mice more effectively than single treatments of each *** Our findings suggest tha

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Erlotinib Mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone Mitochondria Combination therapy

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Mycorrhizal fungi mitigate nitrogen losses of an experimental grassland by facilitating plant uptake and soil microbial immobilization

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 399-410页

作者： Yangyang JIA Marcel g.A.VAn dER HEIJdEn Ala.n Y.VALZAnO-HELd Markus JOCHER Florian WALdER Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Ecology College of Ecology and EnvironmentXinjiang UniversityÜrümqi 830046China Research group Plant-Soil Interactions AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland Research group Climate and Agriculture AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of ZürichZürich 8008Switzerland Research group Soil Quality and Soil Use AgroscopeZürich 8046Switzerland

nitrogen(n)is one of the most limited nutrients of terrestrial ecosystems,whose losses are prevented in tightly coupled cycles in finely tuned *** change-induced n enrichment through atmospheric deposition and application of vast amounts of fertilizer are now challenging the terrestrial n *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are known drivers of plant-soil nutrient fluxes,but a comprehensive assessment of AMF involvement in n cycling under global change is still ***,we simulated n enrichment by fertilization(low/high)in experimental grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of AMF and continuously monitored different n pathways over nine *** found that high n enrichment by fertilization decreased the relative abundance of legumes and the plant species dominating the plant community changed from grasses to forbs in the presence of AMF,based on aboveground *** presence of AMF always ma.nta.ned plant n:phosphorus(P)ratios between 14 and 16,no matter how the soil n availability *** in plant n:P ratios due to the increased plant n and P uptake might thus be a primary pathway of AMF altering plant community ***,we constructed a comprehensive picture of AMF’s role in n cycling,highlighting that AMF reduced n losses primarily by mitigating n leaching,while n_(2)O emissions played a marginal *** mycorrhizal fungi reduced n_(2)O emissions directly through the promotion of n_(2)O-consuming *** underlying mechanism for reducing n leaching is ma.nly the AMF-mediated improved nutrient uptake and AMF-associated microbial *** results indicate that synergies between AMF and other soil microorganisms ca.not be ignored in n cycling and that the integral role of AMF in n cycling terrestrial ecosystems can buffer the upcoming global changes.

关键词： n cycling n enrichment n uptake n:P ratio plant community structure symbiotic soil fungi

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Isochrone Fitting of galactic globular Clusters—Ⅵ.High-latitude Clusters ngC 5024 (M53),ngC 5053,ngC 5272 (M3),ngC 5466,and ngC7099 (M30)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 170-190页

作者： g.A.gontcharov S.S.Savchenko A.A.Marchuk C.J.Bonatto O.S.Ryutina M.Yu.Khovritchev V.B.Il'in A.V.Mosenkov d.M.Poliakov A.A.Smirnov Central(Pulkovo)Astronomical Observatory Russian Academy of SciencesPulkovskoye chaussee 65/1St.Petersburg 196140Russia Sa.nt Petersburg State University Universitetskij pr.28St.Petersburg 198504Russia Special Astrophysical Observatory Russian Academy of Sciences369167 Nizhnij ArkhyzRussia departamento de Astronomia Instituto de FísicaUFRGSAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRSBrazil Sa.nt Petersburg University of Aerospace Instrumentation Bol.Morskaya ul.67ASt.Petersburg 190000Russia department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityN283 ESCProvoUT 84602USA

We fit various color–ma.nitude diagrams(CMds) of the high-latitude galactic globular clusters ngC 5024(M53),ngC 5053,ngC 5272(M3),ngC 5466,and ngC 7099(M30) by isochrones from the dartmouth Stellar Evolution database and Bag of Stellar Tracks and Isochrones for α–enrichment [α/Fe] = +*** the CMds,we use data sets from Hubble Space Telescope,gaia,and other sources utilizing,at least,25 photometric filters for each *** obta.n the following characteristics with their statistical uncerta.nties for ngC 5024,ngC 5053,ngC 5272,ngC 5466,and ngC 7099,respectively:metallicities [Fe/H] =-1.93 ± 0.02,-2.08 ± 0.03,-1.60 ± 0.02,-1.95 ± 0.02,and-2.07 ± 0.04 dex with their systematic uncerta.nty 0.1 dex;ages 13.00 ± 0.11,12.70 ± 0.11,11.63 ± 0.07,12.15 ± 0.11,and 12.80 ± 0.17 gyr with their systematic uncerta.nty 0.8 gyr;distances(systematic uncerta.nty added) 18.22 ± 0.06 ± 0.60,16.99 ± 0.06 ± 0.56,10.08 ± 0.04 ± 0.33,15.59 ±0.03 ± 0.51,and 8.29 ± 0.03 ± 0.27 kpc;reddenings E(B-V) = 0.023 ± 0.004,0.017 ± 0.004,0.023 ± 0.004,0.023 ± 0.003,and 0.045 ± 0.002 mag with their systematic uncerta.nty 0.01 mag;extinctions AV= 0.08 ± 0.01,0.06 ± 0.01,0.08 ± 0.01,0.08 ± 0.01,and 0.16 ± 0.01 mag with their systematic uncerta.nty 0.03 mag,which suggest the total galactic extinction AV= 0.08 across the whole galactic dust to extragalactic objects at the north galactic *** horizontal branch morphology difference of these clusters is expla.ned by their different metallicity,age,mass-loss efficiency,and loss of low-mass members in the evolution of the core-collapse cluster ngC 7099 and loose clusters ngC 5053 and ngC 5466.

关键词： (stars:)Hertzsprung Russell and C-M diagrams (ISM:)dust extinction (galaxy:)globular clusters:general (galaxy:)globular clusters:individual(ngC 5024,ngC 5053,ngC 5272,ngC 5466,ngC7099)

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Coffee Leaf Rust(Hemileia vastatrix)disease in Coffee Plants and Perspectives by the disease Control

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 923-949页

作者： Alexis Salazar-navarro Victor Ruiz-Valdiviezo Jose Joya-dávila daniel gonzalez-Mendoza Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California(ICA-UABC) Nuevo LeónBaja California21705México Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Instituto Tecnológico nacional de Tuxtla gutierrez(TecnM) Tuxtla GutierrezChiapas29050México Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas Campus V.Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas(UnACH) VillafloresChiapas30470México

Coffee Leaf Rust(CLR)is caused by Hemileia vastatrix in Coffea *** is one of the most dangerous phytopathogens for coffee plantations in terms of coffee productivity and coffee cup *** this review,we resume the problem of CLR in Mexico and the pathogenesis of *** review abord plant-pathogen interactions which lead a compatible or incompatible interactions and result in CLR disease or resistance,*** review abord Coffea *** response pathways involved in *** ***,current measures to control *** proliferation and.g.rmination were aborded focused on phytosanitary actions,and biological and chemical ***,new trendlines to reduce the impact of CLR as nanoparticles and nanotechnology were analyzed.

关键词： Coffee leaf rust Coffea arabica pathogenesis nanoparticles biological control

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空气条件下高温固相合成层状LiMnO_2及其离子交换的影响规律

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高等学校化学学报 2002年第11期23卷 2021-2025页

作者：路艳罗卫敏杨文胜 Evans d.g. 段雪北京化工大学可控化学反应科学与技术基础教育部重点实验室北京100029

在空气中高温固相反应合成了层状单斜结构前驱体 na Mn O2 ,在不同条件下进行离子交换反应 ,得到Li Mn O2 .用 X射线衍射法表征了前驱体及交换产物的晶体结构 ,用电感耦合等离子体光谱进行元素含量分析 ,用扫描电镜测定晶体的形貌 .结... 详细信息

在空气中高温固相反应合成了层状单斜结构前驱体 na Mn O2 ,在不同条件下进行离子交换反应 ,得到Li Mn O2 .用 X射线衍射法表征了前驱体及交换产物的晶体结构 ,用电感耦合等离子体光谱进行元素含量分析 ,用扫描电镜测定晶体的形貌 .结果表明 ,离子交换反应条件对反应速率和产物的晶体结构与组成有重要影响 .

关键词：空气条件高温固相合成层次LiMnO2 离子交换锂离子电池正极材料锰酸锂

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determining minimum sample size for the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： daniel d.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard J.HECK Adam W.gILLESPIE Aaron A.BERg School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In d.g.tal soil mapping(dSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be expla.ned by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the dSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap rema.ns in determining the number of samples required for dSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the cLHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the Freedman-diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near guelph,Ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the cLHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width d.g.tal soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design

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Adaptive-optical 3d microscopy for microfluidic multiphase flows

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 105-119页

作者： Clemens Bilsing Erik nützenadel Sebastian Burgma.n Jürgen Czarske Lars Büttner Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques TUD Dresden University of Technology01069 DresdenGermany Chair of Fluid Mechanics Bergische Universitát Wuppertal42119 WuppertalGermany BIOLAS Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Techniques01069 DresdenGermany

Measurements based on optical microscopy can be severely impaired if the access exhibits variations of the refractive *** the case of fluctuating liquid.g.s boundaries,refraction introduces dynamical aberrations that increase the measurement *** is prevalent at multiphase flows(***,film flows)that occur in many technical applications as for example in coating and cleaning processes and the water management in fuel *** this paper,we present a.novel approach based on adaptive optics for correcting the dynamical aberrations in real time and thus reducing the measurement *** shape of the fluctuating water-air interface is sampled with a reflecting light beam(Fresnel guide Star)and a Hartma.n-Shack sensor which makes it possible to correct its influence with a deformable mirror in a closed ***-dimensional flow measurements are achieved by using a double-helix point spread *** measure the flow inside a sessile,oscillating 50-μl droplet on an opaque gas diffusion layer for fuel cells and show that the temporally varying refraction at the droplet surface causes a systematic underestimation of the flow field ma.nitude corresponding to the first droplet eigenmode which plays a major role in their detachment *** demonstrate that the adaptive optics correction is able to reduce this systematic ***,the adaptive optics system can pave the way to a deeper understanding of water droplet formation and detachment which can help to improve the efficiency of fuels cells.

关键词： double-Helix point spread function Adaptive optics Particle tracking velocimetry Aberration correction depth-resolving microscopy Closed-loop control

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Synthesis and applications of lanthanoid complexes of pentadentate and hexadentate n_(5) and n_(6) macrocycles:A review

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 1-15,I0001页

作者： Julio Corredoira-Vázquez Cristina gonzález-Barreira Paula Oreiro-Martínez Ana M.garcía-deibe Jesús Sanmartín-Matalobos Matilde Fondo departamento de Química Inorganica Facultade de QuímicaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaCampus Vida15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain Phantom-g CICECO-Aveiro Institute of MaterialsDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of Aveiro3810-193AveiroPortugal Institute of Materials(iMATUS) Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain

In this paper,the lanthanoid complexes of n_(5) and n_(6) macrocycle ligands,without pendant arms or additional heteroatoms,are *** review covers the period from 2015 to the current date,since in 2014 Schiff base macrocyclic ligands incorporating the pyridine moiety,and their complexes,were revised,and in 2015 the chemistry of pentaaza macrocycle ligands with rare earth metals was also *** and phthalocyanine ligands are not included in this review,which primarily focuses on complexes with Schiff bases and amines without pendant arms or any additional donor other than *** synthetic methods,structural characterization,based on single X-ray crystal data,and properties of the lanthanoid complexes,with special attention to ma.neto-structural correlations,are presented herein.

关键词： Lanthanoid n_(5),n_(6)macrocycle Coordination chemistry Chirality Biological activity Molecule ma.net

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