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Low-dimensional perovskite modified 3d structures for higher-performance solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 389-403,I0009页

作者： Lili Gao Ping Hu Shengzhong(frank)Liu College of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055ShaanxiChina dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119ShaanxiChina

For solution prepared perovskite solar cells,metal halide perovskite materials with low-dimensional(Ld)are flexibly employed in 3d perovskite solar cells to promote efficiency and long-term *** this review,the various structures,properties,and applications of Ld perovskites are firstly summarized and *** take advantage of Ld materials,Ld perovskites are introduced in the 3d bulk and/or the interface between the perovskite thin film and the carrier transporting layer to passivate the gain boundary defects while providing the stability advantage of Ld ***,the preparation methods and crystallization control of the Ld perovskite layers are discussed in ***,the combined devices using both Ld and 3d components are reviewed on the basis of device design,cell structure,interface charge transfer,energy lever alignment,and synergistic improvement of both efficiency and ***,the challenges and expectations are speculated for further development of perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Low-dimensional Structure Perovskite solar cell Efficiency Service stability

Interleukin-33 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis： alarming ILC2 and hepatic stellate cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第2期14卷 143-145页

作者： Ralf Weiskirchen frank Tacke Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC) University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany department of Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany

Interleukin-33 （IL-33）, a cytokine of the IL-1 family, has been implicated inthe pathogenesis of liver fibrosis for quite some time. Indeed, IL-33 expression is upregulated in both human and murine hepatic fibrosis.1,2 To date, it is believed that IL-33 serves as an ‘alarmi’ released by stressed hepatocytes. IL-33 then attracts type 2 innate lymphoid cells （ILC）, which trigger the profibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells via mediators such as IL-13.

关键词： IL-33 ST2 PATHWAY MICE

Limitations of RNAi of e6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits for assessing the in vivo sensitivity to spinosad

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 101-108页

作者： frank d. Rinkevich Jeffrey G. Scott department of Entomology Comstock Hall Cornell University Ithaca New York USA

Spinosad is a widely used insecticide that exerts its toxic effect primarily through interactions with the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. The a6 nicotinic acetyl- choline receptor subunit is involved in spinosad toxicity as demonstrated by the high levels of resistance observed in strains lacking a6. RNAi was performed against the da6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit in drosophila melanogaster using the Gal4-UAS system to examine if RNAi would yield results similar to those of a6 null mutants. These da6-deficient flies were subject to spinosad contact bioassays to evaluate the role of the da6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit on spinosad sensitivity. The expression of da6 was reduced 60%-75% as verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. However, there was no change in spinosad sensitivity in d. melanogaster. We repeated RNAi experiments in Tribolium castaneum using injection of dsRNA for Tcasct6. RNAi of Tcasa6 did not result in changes in spinosad sensitivity, similar to results obtained with d. melanogaster. The lack of change in spinosad sensitivity in both d. melanogaster and T. castaneum using two routes of dsRNA administration shows that RNAi may not provide adequate conditions to study the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits on insecticide sensitivity due to the inability to completely eliminate expression of the a6 subunit in both species. Potential causes for the lack of change in spinosad sensitivity are discussed.

关键词： bioassay insecticide target site nicotinic acetylcholine receptor RNAi,spinosad

High levels of endemism among Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal diversity 2017年第4期85卷 45-73页

作者： Manuela dal Forno frank Bungartz Alba Yanez-Ayabaca Robert Lücking James d.Lawrey department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St&Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Charles darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Puerto AyoraGalapagosEcuador School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityPO Box 874501TempeAZ 85287-4501USA Facultad de Ciencias Agricolas Universidad Central del EcuadorCiudadela UniversitariaQuitoEcuador Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KoniginLuise-Straße 6–814195 BerlinGermany Science&Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA

This study is a re-assessment of basidiolichen diversity in the Galapagos *** present a molecular phylogenetic analysis,based on 92 specimens from Galapagos,using two nuclear ribosomal dNA markers(ITS and nuLSU).We also re-examined the morphology and anatomy of all sequenced *** molecular results confirm our previous assessment that all Galapagos basidiolichens belong to the dictyonema clade,which in Galapagos is represented by four genera:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum,and *** species previously reported from Galapagos in these genera were at the time believed to represent widely distributed *** conclusion,however,has changed with the inclusion of molecular *** almost the same number of species is distinguished,the phylogenetic data now suggest that all are restricted to the Galapagos *** them,six species are proposed here as new to science,namely Cora galapagoensis,Cyphellostereum unoquinoum,dictyonema barbatum,***,***,and ***;and four species have already been described previously,namely Acantholichen galapagoensis,Cora santacruzensis,dictyonema pectinatum,and ***,here recombined as Cyphellostereum *** analysis is set on a very broad phylogenetic framework,which includes a large number of specimens(N=826)mainly from Central and South America,and therefore strongly suggests an unusually high level of endemism previously not *** analysis also shows that the closest relatives of half of the basidiolichens now found in Galapagos are from mainland Ecuador,implying that they reached the islands through the shortest route,with all species arriving on the islands through independent colonization events.

关键词： Lichens Systematics Biodiversity Evolution Lichenizedbasidiomycetes Galapagos

Lantana camara——an Ecological Bioindicator Plant for decontamination of Pb-Impaired Soil Under Organic Waste-Supplemented Scenarios

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Pedosphere 2019年第2期29卷 248-258页

作者： frank Ogenna ALARIBE Pariatamby AGAMUTHU Institute of Biological Sciences University of Malaya

Heavy metal extraction and processing from ores releases elements into the environment. Soil, being an "unfortunate" sink, has its bionomics impaired and affected by metal pollution. Metals sneak into the food chain and pose risk to humans and other edaphicdependent organisms. For decontamination, the use of an ecosystem-friendly approach involving plants is known as *** this study, different lead(Pb) concentrations(80, 40, 20, and 10 mg kg^(-1)) were used to contaminate a well-characterized soil,(un)supplemented with organic waste empty fruit bunch(EFB) or spent mushroom compost(SMC), with non-edible plant—Lantana camara. Lead removal by L. camara ranged from 45.51% to 88.03% for supplemented soil, and from 23.7% to 57.8% for unsupplemented soil(P d and L. camara-remediated soil showed the highest counts of heavy metal-resistant bacteria(HMRB)(79.67 × 10~6–56.0 × 10~6 colony forming units(CFU) g^(-1) soil), followed by SMC-supplemented and L. camara-remediated soil(63.33 × 10~6–39.0 × 10~6 CFU g^(-1) soil). Aerial metal uptake ranged from 32.08 ± 0.8 to 5.03 ± 0.08 mg kg^(-1) dry weight, and the bioaccumulation factor ranged from 0.401 to 0.643(P d in supplemented soil,18.39–11.83 d in unsupplemented soil, and 123.75–38.72 d in the soil without plants and organic waste. Freundlich isotherms showed that the intensity of metal absorption(n) ranged from 2.44 to 2.51 for supplemented soil, with regression coefficients of determination(R^2) between 0.901 2 and 0.984 0. The computed free-energy change(?G) for Pb absorption ranged from -5.01 to 0.49 kJ mol^(-1) K^(-1) for EFB-supplemented soil and -3.93 to 0.49 k J mol^(-1) K^(-1) for SMC-supplemented soil.

关键词： bioaccumulation factor empty fruit bunch first-order kinetics heavy metal metal pollution phytoremediation spent mushroom compost

A first assessment of Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal diversity 2012年第1期52卷 225-244页

作者： Alba Yánez Manuela dal-Forno frank Bungartz Robert Lücking James d.Lawrey Biodiversity Assessment Charles Darwin Foundation(AISBL)Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosEcuador Universidad Central del Ecuador QuitoEcuador department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of Galapagos lichens,a first assessment of the morphology and anatomy of basidiolichens from the archipelago is presented *** is the basis for further studies of the taxonomy,ecology and biogeography of this poorly known group of *** genera,all in Hygrophoraceae,can be distinguished:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum and *** Acantholichen and Cora are characterized by chroococcoid cyanobionts and a heteromerous thallus with a distinct upper cortex and photobiont *** monotypic Acantholichen pannarioides is entirely composed of small,branched,inflated squamules that appear densely pruinose because their cortical hyphae bear characteristically swollen,densely spinose end cells(acanthohyphidia);this species has never been observed *** common Cora glabrata is foliose,forming large,radially zonate,conch-like,often tiled thalli,when fertile with circular lines of basidiocarps on its lower *** is distinguished by filamentous cyanobionts and distinctly filamentous thalli that are homomereous(i.e.,not distinctly layered);all species of dictyonema *** trichomes(filamentose cyanobacterial photobionts)closely enveloped by fungal cells of a jigsaw *** *** thallus filaments(i.e.,individual fibrils)aggregate to form shelf-like structures similar in appearance to polyporoid bracket fungi;basidiocarps develop in irregular patches on the lower side of these *** contrast,fibrils of *** grow encrusting their substrate with irregularly to suberect trichomes,occasionally bearing basidiocarps dispersed across the *** other species in Galapagos show adpressed growth form and are described here as new:dictyonema pectinatum,which is characterized by large parallel fibrils with paler,papillate tips,and ***,characterized by thin trichomes of more squarrish elongate *** genus Cyphellostereum is represented by two species:the newly describ

关键词： Census of Galapagos Biodiversity Galapagos Lichen Inventory Acantholichen Cora Cyphellostereum dictyonema

dietary lecithin improves feed efficiency without impacting meat quality in immunocastrated male pigs and gilts fed a summer ration containing added fat

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 203-209页

作者： Henny Akit Cherie Collins Fahri Fahri Alex Hung darryl d'Souza Brian Leury frank dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd. Australian Pork Ltd.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and dietary lecithin on growth performance,meat quality, muscle collagen content and gene expression of key genes involved in collagen synthesis in finisher pigs.A total of 256 pigs(Large White × Landrace) were allotted to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement involving sex(gilt or immunocastrated [IC] male) and dietary treatment(0 or 5 g/kg of dietary lecithin).All diets were formulated to contain 4.6% tallow with relatively high total fat of 6.3%.After 5 weeks of dietary treatment, pigs were slaughtered and Longissimus dorsi muscle was obtained for evaluation of meat quality and collagen *** abdominis muscle was analysed for gene expression of key genes involved in collagen synthesis namely, type Ⅰ(a1) procollagen(COL1A1), type Ⅲ(a1) procollagen(COL3A1), a-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase(P4H), lysyl oxidase and metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1).The results showed that lecithin improved feed efficiency of all pigs(P d no effect on feed intake, average daily gain and dressing percentage(P > 0.05).Lecithin also had no effect on meat compression, shear force, collagen content and gene expression(P > 0.05).Immunocastrated male had higher growth rate and increased COL1 A1 expression than ***, sex had no effect on fat depth at the P2 site(65 mm from the midline over the last rib), collagen content and expression of other genes(P > 0.05).In conclusion, lecithin improved feed efficiency in finishing pigs without impacting pork ***, inclusion of lecithin in diets containing high amount of tallow during the summer period could be beneficial.

关键词： Fat Feed efficiency Lecithin Meat quality Pigs

Childhood obesity, cardiovascular and liver health: a growing epidemic with age

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第5期16卷 438-445页

作者： Maria Felicia Faienza Mariangela Chiarito Emilio Molina-Molina Harshitha Shanmugam frank Lammert Marcin Krawczyk Gabriele d'Amato Piero Portincasa Section of Pediatrics Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human OncologyUniversity of Bari"Aldo Moro"BariItaly Clinica Medica"A.Murri" Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human OncologyUniversity of Bari"Aldo Moro"BariItaly department of MedicineⅡ Saarland University Medical CenterSaarland UniversityHomburgGermany Laboratory of Metabolic Liver diseases Center for Preclinical ResearchDepartment of GeneralTransplant and Liver SurgeryMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Di Venere HospitalBariItaly

Background The frequency of childhood obesity has increased over the last 3 decades,and the trend constitutes a worrisome epidemic *** the raising obesity risk,key aspects to consider are accurate body mass index classification,as well as metabolic and cardiovascular,and hepatic *** sources The authors performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE,using selected key words(obesity,childhood,cardiovascular,liver health).In particular,they focused their search on papers evaluating the impact of obesity on cardiovascular and liver *** We evaluated the current literature dealing with the impact of excessive body fat accumulation in childhood and across adulthood,as a predisposing factor to cardiovascular and hepatic *** also evaluated the impact of physical and dietary behaviors starting from childhood on cardio-metabolic *** The epidemic of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities worldwide raises concerns about the impact of early abnormalities during childhood and *** key abnormalities in this context include cardiovascular diseases,and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** metabolic screenings and associated comorbidities should start as early as possible in obese children and ***,improving dietary intake and increasing physical activity performance are to date the best therapeutic tools in children to weaken the onset of obesity,cardiovascular diseases,and diabetes risk during adulthood.

关键词： Cardiovascular Childhood Liver health Obesity

Criticality, adaptability and early-warning signals in time series in a discrete quasispecies model

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第2期8卷 247-259页

作者： R. FOSSION d. A. HARTASANCHEZ O. RESENdIS-ANTONIO A. frank Instituto Nacional de Geriatrla Periferico Sur No. 2767 Col. San Jeronimo Lidice Del. Magdalena Contreras 10200 Mexico D.E Mexico Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3) Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mkxico 04510 Mexico D.E Mexico Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra) 08003 Barcelona Catalonia Spain Systems Biology Group lnstituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN) Mexico Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 04510 Mexico D.E Mexico

Complex systems from different fields of knowledge often do not allow a mathematical description or modeling, because of their intricate structure composed of numerous interacting components. As an alternative approach, it is possible to study the way in which observables associated with the system fluctuate in time. These time series may provide valuable information about the underlying dynamics. It has been suggested that complex dynamic systems, ranging from ecosystems to financial markets and the climate, produce generic early-warning signals at the ＂tipping points,＂ where they announce a sudden shift toward a different dynamical regime, such as a population extinction, a systemic market crash, or abrupt shifts in the weather. On the other hand, the framework of Self- Organized Criticality （SOC）, suggests that some complex systems, such as life itself, may spontaneously converge toward a critical point. As a particular example, the quasispecies model suggests that RNA viruses self-organize their mutation rate near the error-catastrophe threshold, where robustness and evolvability are balanced in such a way that survival is optimized. In this paper, we study the time series associated to a classical discrete quasispecies model for different mutation rates, and identify early-warning signals for critical mutation rates near the error-catastrophe threshold, such as irregularities in the kurtosis and a significant increase in the autocorrelation range, reminiscent of 1/f noise. In the present context, we find that the early-warning signals, rather than broadcasting the collapse of the system, are the fingerprint of survival optimization.

关键词： time series complexity early-warning signals quasispecies 1/f noise optimization