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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第7期25卷 2221-2229页

作者： d.FULORIA S.GOEL R.JAYAGANTHAN d.SRIVASTAVA G.K.dEY N.SAIBABA department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Centre of Nanotechnology ⅡT Roorkee Materials Science division Bhabha Atomic Research Center Nuclear Fuel Complex Limited

The mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of zircaloy-4 subjected to cumulative strains of 1.48,2.96,4.44 and 5.91 through multiaxial forging（MAF） at cryogenic temperature（77 K） were *** mechanical properties of the MAF treated alloy were measured through universal tensile testing and Vickers hardness testing *** zircaloy-4 deformed up to a cumulative strain of 5.91 showed improvement in both ultimate tensile strength and hardness from 474 MPa to 717 MPa and from HV 190 to HV 238,respectively,as compared with the as-received ***,there was a noticeable decrement in ductility（from 18%to 3.5%） due to the low strain hardening ability of deformed *** improvement in strength and hardness of the deformed alloy is attributed to the grain size effect and higher dislocation density generated during multiaxial *** microstructural evolutions of deformed samples were characterized by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.The evolved microstructure at a cumulative strain of 5.91 obtained after MAF up to 12 cycles depicted the formation of ultrafine grains with an average size of 150-250 nm.

关键词： zircaloy-4 multiaxial forging cryogenic temperature ultrafine-grain microstructural evolution mechanical properties

An update on the role of RANKL-RANK/osteoprotegerin and WNT-β-catenin signaling pathways in pediatric diseases

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第1期15卷 4-11页

作者： Giacomina Brunetti Gabriele d'Amato Mariancgela Chiarito Apollonia Tullo Graziana Colaianni Silvia Colucci Maria Grano Maria Felicia Faienza Section of Human Anatomy and Histology Department of Basic Medical SciencesNeuroscience and Sense Organs.University"A.Moro”of Bari.Piazza G.Cesare 11 70124 BariItaly Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Di Venere HospitalBariItaly Pediatric Section Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology.University"A.Moro”of BariPiazza G.Cesare 1 170124 BariItaly Institute of Biomembranes Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies—IBIOMCNR70126 BariItaly department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation University“A.Moro”of Bari.Bari.Italy

Background Bone remodeling is a lifelong process due to the balanced activity of osteoclasts (OCs),the bone-reabsorbing cells,and osteoblasts (OBs),and the bone-forming *** equilibrium is regulated by numerous cytokines,but it has been largely demonstrated that the RANK/RANKL/osteoprotegerin and Wnt/β-catenin pathways play a key role in the control of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis,*** pro-osteoblastogenic activity of the Wnt/β-catenin can be inhibited by sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (dKK-1).RANKL,sclerostin and dKKs-1 are often up-regulated in bone diseases,and they are the target of new monoclonal *** sources The authors performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and EMBASE to June 2018,reviewed and selected articles,based on pre-determined selection *** We re-evaluated the role of RANKL,osteoprotegerin,sclerostin and dKK-1 in altered bone remodeling associated with some inherited and acquired pediatric diseases,such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1dM),alkaptonuria (AKU),hemophilia A,osteogenesis imperfecta (OI),21-hydroxylase deficiency (21 OH-d) and Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).To do so,we considered recent clinical studies done on pediatric patients in which the roles of RANKL-RANK/osteoprotegerin and WNT-β-catenin signaling pathways have been investigated,and for which innovative therapies for the treatment of osteopenia/osteoporosis are being *** The case studies taken into account for this review demonstrated that quite frequently both bone reabsorbing and bone deposition are impaired in pediatric ***,for some of them,bone damage began in childhood but only manifested with *** use of denosumab could represent a valid alternative therapeutic approach to improve bone health in children,although further studies need to be carried out.

关键词： RANKL-RANK/Osteoprotegerin WNT-β-catenin signaling Pediatric diseases

COMPARISON OF FATIGUE ANd CREEP BEHAVIOR BETWEEN 2d ANd 3d-C/SiC COMPOSITES

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 569-574页

作者： d.Han S.R.Qiao M.Li J.T.Hou X.J.Wu Ultra-high-temperature Thermostructural Composites Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072 China

The differences of tension-tension fatigue and tensile creep characters of 2d-C/SiC and 3d-C/SiC composites have been scrutinized to meet the engineering needs. Experiments of tension-tension fatigue and tensile creep are carried out under vacuum high temperature condition. All of the high temperature fatigue curves are flat; the fatigue curves of the 2d-C/SiC are flatter and even parallel to the horizontal axis. While the tension-tension fatigue limit of the 3d-C/SiC is higher than that of the 2d-C/SiC, the fiber pullout length of the fatigue fracture surface of the 3d-C/SiC is longer than that of the 2d-C/SiC, and fracture morphology of the 3d-C/SiC is rougher, and pullout length of the fiber tows is longer. At the same time the 3d-C/SiC has higher tensile creep resistance. The tensile curve and the tensile creep curve of both materials consist of a series of flat step. These phenomena can be explained by the non-continuity of the damage.

关键词： 2d-C/SiC 3d-C/SiC vacuum high-temperature tensile creep fatigue

Challenges with disaster Mortality data and Measuring Progress Towards the Implementation of the Sendai Framework

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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2019年第4期10卷 449-461页

作者： Helen K.Green Oliver Lysaght dell d.Saulnier Kevin Blanchard Alistair Humphrey Bapon Fakhruddin Virginia Murray Global disaster Risk Reduction Public Health EnglandLondon SE18UGUK department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska Institutet17177 StockholmSweden Canterbury district Health Board Christchurch 8140New Zealand disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Resilience Tonkin+TaylorAuckland 1141New Zealand

disasters exact a heavy toll ***,the degree to which we can accurately quantify their impact,in particular mortality,remains *** is critical to ensure that disaster data reliably reflects the scale,type,and distribution of disaster impacts given the role of data in:(1)risk assessments;(2)developing disaster risk management programs;(3)determining the resources for response to emergencies;(4)the types of action undertaken in planning for prevention and preparedness;and(5)identifying research *** Sendai Framework for disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 s seven global disaster-impact reduction targets represent the first international attempt to systematically measure the effectiveness of disaster-impact reduction as a means of better informing policy with *** A of the Sendai Framework aims to‘‘substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030,aiming to lower the average per 100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020–2030 compared to the period 2005–2015.’’This article provides an overview of the complexities associated with defining,reporting,and interpreting disaster mortality data used for gauging success in meeting Target A,acknowledging different challenges for different types of hazard events and subsequent *** concludes with suggestions of how to address these challenges to inform the public health utility of monitoring through the Sendai Framework.

关键词： data disaster mortality disaster risk management disaster risk reduction Mass casualty Sendai Framework

Using potential distributions to explore environmental correlates of bat species richness in southern Africa： Effects of model selection and taxonomy

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 279-293页

作者： M. Corrie SCHOEMAN F. P. d. (Woody) COTTERILL Peter J. TAYLOR Ara MONAdJEM School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban 4000 South Africa Africa Earth Observatory Network (AEON) Geoecodynamics Research Hub c/o Department of Botany and Zoology University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa department of Ecology and Resource Management School of Environmental Sciences University of Venda Thohoyandou 0950 South Africa All Out Africa Research Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Swaziland Private Bag 4 Kwaluseni Swaziland Mammal Research Institute Department of Zoology & Entomology University of Pretoria Private Bag 20 Hatfield 0028 Pretoria South Africa

We tested the prediction that at coarse spatial scales, variables associated with climate, energy, and productivity hy- potheses should be better predictor（s） of bat species richness than those associated with environmental heterogeneity. distribution ranges of 64 bat species were estimated with niche-based models informed by 3629 verified museum specimens. The influence of environmental correlates on bat richness was assessed using ordinary least squares regression （OLS）, simultaneous autoregressive models （SAR）, conditional autoregressive models （CAR）, spatial eigenvector-based filtering models （SEVM）, and Classification and Regression Trees （CART）. To test the assumption of stationarity, Geographically Weighted Regression （GWR） was used. Bat species richness was highest in the eastern parts of southern Africa, particularly in central Zimbabwe and along the western border of Mozambique. We found support for the predictions of both the habitat heterogeneity and climate/productivity/energy hypothe- ses, and as we expected, support varied among bat families and model selection. Richness patterns and predictors of Miniopteridae and Pteropodidae clearly differed from those of other bat families. Altitude range was the only independent variable that was sig- nificant in all models and it was most often the best predictor of bat richness. Standard coefficients of SAR and CAR models were similar to those of OLS models, while those of SEVM models differed. Although GWR indicated that the assumption of stationa- rity was violated, the CART analysis corroborated the findings of the curve-fitting models. Our results identify where additional data on current species ranges, and future conservation action and ecological work are needed.

关键词： Chiroptera Macroecology Niche-based models Spatial models Species richness

Molybdenum disulfide as hydrogen evolution catalyst:From atomistic to materials structure and electrocatalytic performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 256-285,I0007页

作者： Mohsin Muhyuddin Giorgio Tseberlidis Maurizio Filippo Acciarri Oran Lori Massimiliano d'Arienzo Massimiliano Cavallini Plamen Atanassov Lior Elbaz Alessandro Lavacchi Carlo Santoro department of Materials Science University of Milano-BicoccaVia Roberto Cozzi 55Building U520125 MilanItaly Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)Via P.Gobetti 101BolognaItaly department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697United States department of Chemistry and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute of Chemistry of the Organometallic Compounds-National Research Council(ICCOM-CNR) Via Madonna del Piano1050019 Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy

Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable ***,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)occurring at the cathodic side of the system where overpriced and scarce Pt-based electrocatalysts are usually ***,efficient platinum group metals(PGMs)-free electrocatalysts to carry out HER with accelerated kinetics are urgently *** this scenario,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))owing to efficacious structural attributes and optimum hydrogen-binding free energy(ΔG_(H*))is emerging as a reliable alternative to ***,the performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts is still far away from the benchmark *** HER activity of MoS_(2)can be improved by engineering the structural parameters i.e.,doping,defects inducement,modulating the electronic structure,stabilizing the 1 T phase,creating nanocomposites,and altering the morphologies using appropriate fabrication ***,we have comprehensively reviewed the majority of the scientific endeavors published in recent years to uplift the HER activity of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts using different *** in the major fabrication strategies including hydrothermal synthesis methods,chemical vapor deposition,exfoliation techniques,plasma treatments,chemical methodologies,*** tune the structural parameters and hence their ultimate influence on the electrocatalytic activity in acidic and/or alkaline media have been thoroughly *** study can provide encyclopedic insights about the fabrication routes that have been pursued to improve the HER performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Molybdenum disulphide Electrocatalysts Synthesis techniques Sustainable energy production Water electrolysis

The RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 promote Mcl1 mRNA translation to protect germinal center responses from apoptosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第9期20卷 1063-1076页

作者： Ines COsma-Garcia Mailys Mouysset dunja Capitan-Sobrino Yann Aubert Martin Turner Manuel d.diaz-Muñoz Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory diseases(INFINITy) Inserm UMR1291CNRS UMR5051University Paul SabatierCHU PurpanToulouse 31024France Immunology Program The Babraham InstituteCambridgeUK

Germinal centers(GCs)are essential for the establishment of long-lasting antibody *** B cells rely on post-transcriptional RNA mechanisms to translate activation-associated transcriptional programs into functional changes in the cell ***,the critical proteins driving these key mechanisms are still ***,we show that the RNA binding proteins TIA1 and TIAL1 are required for the generation of long-lasting GC ***1-and TIAL1-deficient GC B cells fail to undergo antigen-mediated positive selection,expansion and differentiation into B-cell clones producing high-affinity ***,TIA1 and TIAL1 control the transcriptional identity of dark-and light-zone GC B cells and enable timely expression of the prosurvival molecule ***,we demonstrate here that TIA1 and TIAL1 are key players in the post-transcriptional program that selects high-affinity antigen-specific GC B cells.

关键词： Adaptive immunity Germinal centers Post-transcriptional gene regulation RNA binding proteins Cell identity Apoptosis/10.1038/s41423-023-01063-4

Use of two fungal species to induce agarwood resin formation in Gyrinops walla

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 721-726页

作者： S.M.C.U.P.Subasinghe H.I.d.Hitihamu K.M.E.P.Fernando department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri Jayewardenepura department of Botany University of Sri Jayewardenepura

Gyrinops walla Gaertn. is the only species growing in Sri Lanka that belongs to the agarwood family,Thymelaeaceae. Although agarwood resin induction and extraction from Aquilaria species of the same family have been practised for many decades in Southeast Asian region,the ability of producing agarwood resins in G. walla was discovered recently. Since previous studies were on agarwood resins formed due to natural causes, the present study was conducted to identify the potential fungal species that are capable of artificially inducing agarwood resin formation in G. walla. Since this is the first ever study conducted on artificial inducement of agarwood resin formation in ***, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani were selected owing to their high abundance in the naturally formed agarwood resinous tissues collected from 25 G. walla *** fungal species were separately grown in yeast extract glucose agar and used to inoculate healthy G. walla trees under aseptic conditions. Three holes were made for each tree and 2 g of fungal culture including the medium were placed in each hole. Tissue discoloration, characteristic aroma, resin content and resin constituents were checked at10 cm intervals above and below the inoculation points for a period of 1 year. Results revealed that tissue discoloration and resin content were higher in the trees inoculated with A. niger. Other than at 10 cm above and below the inoculation points, samples collected at all locations had significantly higher resin contents when inoculated with A. niger compared to F. solani. Sixteen agarwood resin constituents, which were also recorded in Aquilaria species, were identified from the discolored tissues using GC–MS analysis. Jinkohol, agarospirol and 2(2-phenyl)chromone derivatives were found in all discolored tissues collected at 10-cm intervals of the trees inoculated with both fungi. b-Seline, c-eudesmol and valerenal were found in nine of 10 sample points on the stem. c-Elemene was recor

关键词： Gyrinops walla Agarwood resin Aspergillus niger Fusarium solani Inoculation

Assessment of agri-spillways as a soil erosion protection measure in Mediterranean sloping vineyards

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第6期14卷 1009-1022页

作者： Jesus ROdRIGO-COMINO Stefan WIRTZ Eric C. BREVIK Jose d.RUIZ-SINOGA Johannes B.BIES Instituto de Geomorfologfa y Suelos Department of Geography University of Malaga 29071 Malaga Spain Physical Geography Trier University 542-85 Trier Germany department of Natural Sciences 291 Campus Drive Dickinson State University Dickinson ND 58601 USA

Suitable vineyard soils enhance soil stability and biodiversity which in turn protects roots against erosion and nutrient losses. There is a lack of information related to inexpensive and suitable methods and tools to protect the soil in Mediterranean sloping vineyards(>25° of slope inclination). In the vineyards of the Montes de Málaga(southern Spain), a sustainable land management practice that controls soil erosion is actually achieved by tilling rills in the down-slope direction to canalize water and sediments. Because of their design and use, we call them agri-spillways. In this research, we assessed two agri-spillways(between 10 m and 15 m length, and slopes between 25.8° and 35°) by performing runoff experiments under extreme conditions(a motor driven pump that discharged water flows up to 1.33 l s^(-1) for 12 to 15 minutes: ≈1000 l). The final results showed: i) a great capacity by these rills to canalize large amounts of water and sediments; and, ii) higher water flow speeds(between 0.16 m s-1 and 0.28 m s^(-1)) and sediment concentrationrates(up to 1538.6 g l^(-1)) than typically found in other Mediterranean areas and land uses(such as badlands, rangelands or extensive crops of olives and almonds). The speed of water flow and the sediment concentration were much higher in the shorter and steeper rill. We concluded that agri-spillways, given correct planning and maintenance, can be a potential solution as an inexpensive method to protect the soil in sloping Mediterranean vineyards.

关键词： Agri-spillway Vineyards Runoff experiment Soil erosion Water discharge

Collective Perspective on Advances in dyson–Schwinger Equation QCd

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第7期58卷 79-134页

作者： Adnan Bashir Ian C.Clet Bruno El-Bennich Craig d.Roberts Peter C.Tandy Instituto de Física y Matemticas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicols de Hidalgo Edificio C-3Ciudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacn 58040Mxico Physics division Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIllinois 60439USA Center for Nuclear Research Department of PhysicsKent State UniversityKent OH 44242USA CSSM and CoEPP School of Chemistry and Physics University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia Laboratorio de Física Teórica e Computao Científica Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul01506-000 So PauloSPBrazil Instituto de Física Torica Universidade Estadual Paulista01140-070 So PauloSPBrazil department of Physics Center for High Energy Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking University Institut für Kernphysik Forschungszentrum JülichD-52425 JülichGermany department of Physics Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinois 60616-3793USA

We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QCd's dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing the following aspects: confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spectrum; hadron elastic and transition form factors, from small-to large-Q2; parton distribution functions; the physics of hadrons containing one or more heavy quarks; and properties of the quark gluon plasma.

关键词： confinement dynamical chiral symmetry breaking dyson-Schwinger equations hadron spectrum hadron elastic and transition form factors heavy mesons in-hadron condensates parton distribution functions quark gluon plasma UA(1)-problem