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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 111-122页

作者： Heena dhawan d.K.Sharma ANRF Ministry of ScienceNew DelhiIndia department of energy Science and engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Chemical leaching of coals would be required to produce cleaner coals for some special applications where physical benefi-ciation may not be effective *** would also help in recovering Li and rare earth metals besides in the sequestration of CO_(2).About 20 Indian coals having complexly distributed moderate to high ash contents were sequentially treated with various alkali–acid such as NaOH-HCl,HF,HCl,HCl-HF,and NaOH-HCl-HF *** aimed to establish and design the best stepwise sequential process for the highest degree of demineralisation through a chemical leaching *** and process intensification studies were carried *** than 80%demineralisation of Madhaipur and Neemcha coals was observed using the best sequential treatment designed *** repeated stepwise treatment of the alkali and the acid was also studied,which was found to significantly enhance the degree of demineralisation of *** integrated process of alkali–acid leaching followed by solvent extraction(Organo-refining)and vice versa of the treated coal was also studied for producing cleaner coals.

关键词： Alkali–acid leaching demineralisation Integrated process Rare earth elements

Climate refugia along Lake Superior’s shores:disjunct arctic-alpine plants rely on cool shoreline temperatures but are restricted to highly exposed habitat under climate warming

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Journal of Plant ecology 2024年第4期17卷 23-41页

作者： Ashley Hillman Scott e.Nielsen department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Climate refugia can serve as a remnant habitat or stepping stones for species dispersal under climate *** largest freshwater lake by surface area,Lake Superior,USA and Canada,serves as a model system for understanding cooling-mediated local refugia,as its cool water temperatures and wave action have maintained shoreline habitats suitable for southern disjunct populations of arctic-alpine plants since ***,we seek to explain spatial patterns and environmental drivers of arctic-alpine plant refugia along Lake Superior’s shores,and assess future risk to refugia under moderate(+3.5℃)and warmest(+5.7℃)climate warming ***,we examined how the interactive effects of summer surface water temperatures and wind affected onshore temperatures,resulting in areas of cooler ***,we developed an ecological niche model for the presence of disjunct arctic-alpine refugia(pooling 1253 occurrences from 58 species)along the lake’s ***,we fit species distribution models for 20 of the most common arctic-alpine disjunct species and predicted presence to identify refugia ***,we used the two climate warming scenarios to predict changes in the presence of refugia and disjunct *** type,elevation above water,inland distance,July land surface temperature from MOdIS/Terra satellite and near-shore depth of water were the best predictors of disjunct ***,we predicted 2236 km of the shoreline(51%)as disjunct refugia habitat for at least one species under current conditions,but this was reduced to 20% and 7% with moderate(894 km)and warmest(313 km)climate change projections.

关键词： climate refugia disjunct populations lake effect Lake Superior species distribution models

Provenance and tectonic setting of sandstones of the Lomas Coloradas Formation, Cabullona Group, Sonora, México: Constraints on petrography and geochemistry

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 839-861页

作者： J.Madhavaraju d.G.Noriega-Montoya e.Ramirez-Montoya C.M.Gonz alez-Le on John S.Armstrong-Altrin estaci on Regional del Noroeste Instituto de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Ingeniería en Geociencias Universidad Estatal de Sonora Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra Estaci on Regional del NoroesteInstituto de GeologíaUniversidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Universidad Nacional Aut onoma de Mexico Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y LimnologíaUnidad de Procesos Oce anicos y CosterosCiudad Universitaria

The sedimentary rocks of the Cabullona Group are well exposed in the Cabullona Basin of northeastern Sonora, Mexico, which represent syntectonic sedimentation associated with Laramide-style deformation during the Campanian-early Maastrichtian. The sandstones of the Lomas Coloradas Formation deposited at the upper part of the Cabullona Group. Petrography and geochemical(major, trace, and rare earth elements) studies were carried out on the sandstones to interpret the palaeoweathering, provenance,and tectonic setting of the Lomas Coloradas Formation sandstones. Most of the sandstone modal analysis data plotted in the QFL and Qm FLt ternary diagrams fall into the fields of dissected arcs and recycled orogens,respectively. Geochemically the sandstones are classified as litharenites while few samples plot into the arkosic field. The chondrite-normalized Ree diagrams for sandstones have LRee-enriched, relatively flat HRee patterns with negative eu anomalies. CIA values and the A-CN-K diagram indicate a low intensity of chemical weathering in the source area. The tectonic setting diagram suggests both arc and rift settings for the studied sandstones. The bivariate and ternary diagrams and elemental ratios suggest a felsic source for the Lomas Coloradas Formation. The average Ree patterns of the studied sandstones are comparable with Ree patterns of the granite from the Caborca block, the rhyolite and granite of the Tarahumara Formation, and the Mesozoic felsic volcanic rocks. The modeled mixture of 40% Proterozoic granite, 30% Triassic arc, 10% Jurassic arc, and 20% Laramide arc represents the probable source rocks for the Lomas Coloradas Formation.

关键词： Provenance Petrography Geochemistry Lomas Coloradas Formation Cabullona Group Mexico

Therapeutic advances in neural regeneration for Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1991-1997页

作者： Francesco d’egidio Vanessa Castelli Giorgia Lombardozzi Fabrizio Ammannito Annamaria Cimini Michele d’Angelo department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansion mutation of a cytosine-adenine-guanine triplet in the exon 1 of the HTT gene which is responsible for the production of the huntingtin (Htt) protein. In physiological conditions, Htt is involved in many cellular processes such as cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism regulation, dNA maintenance, axonal trafficking, and antiapoptotic activity. When the genetic alteration is present, the production of a mutant version of Htt (mHtt) occurs, which is characterized by a plethora of pathogenic activities that, finally, lead to cell death. Among all the cells in which mHtt exerts its dangerous activity, the GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons seem to be the most affected by the mHtt-induced excitotoxicity both in the cortex and in the striatum. However, as the neurodegeneration proceeds ahead the neuronal loss grows also in other brain areas such as the cerebellum, hypothalamus, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra, determining the variety of symptoms that characterize Huntington’s disease. From a clinical point of view, Huntington’s disease is characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms spanning from motor impairment to cognitive disorders and dementia. Huntington’s disease shows a prevalence of around 3.92 cases every 100,000 worldwide and an incidence of 0.48 new cases every 100,000/year. To date, there is no available cure for Huntington’s disease. Several treatments have been developed so far, aiming to reduce the severity of one or more symptoms to slow down the inexorable decline caused by the disease. In this context, the search for reliable strategies to target the different aspects of Huntington’s disease become of the utmost interest. In recent years, a variety of studies demonstrated the detrimental role of neuronal loss in Huntington’s disease condition highlighting how the replacement of lost cells would be a reasonable strategy to o

关键词： cell therapy exosomes extracellular vesicles Huntingtin Huntington’s disease medium spiny neurons neurodegenerative disease neurogenesis neuronal loss stem cells

Microscale shaping and rounding of ridge arrays and star pattern features on nickel mould via electrochemical polishing

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 207-226页

作者： Sana Zaki Nan Zhang Michael d.Gilchrist School of Mechanical and Materials engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland

High quality micro mould tools are critical for ensuring defect-free production of micro injection moulded *** demoulding stage of the micro injection moulding can adversely affect the surface integrity due to friction,adhesion and thermal stresses between the metallic mould and polymeric replicated *** the present work,we propose the use of precision electropolishing(eP)as a shaping and polishing process to control the draft angle and fillet radius of micro features in order to ease *** defects that occur in replicated polymer parts include cracks,burrs and distorted features.A nickel mould having multiple linear ridges and star shape patterns was designed for the present investigation to have characteristic dimensions ranging from 10μm to 150μm and with various aspect ratios to study the effect of electropolishing on modifying the shape of micro features and surface morphology.A transient 2d computational analysis has been conducted to anticipate the effect of shaping on the Ni mould after electrochemical polishing with non-uniform material removal rates,based on the distribution of current *** experimental results indicate that after shaping using eP,the draft angle of star-patterns and linear patterns can be effectively increased by approximately 3.6°,while the fillet radius increases by up to 5.0μ*** controlling the electropolishing process,the surface roughness can be maintained under 50 *** work uses a green and environmental friendly nickel sulfamate electrolyte which can be effective for shaping of nickel micro features without causing any surface deposition.

关键词： Micro feature shaping and electropolishing Micro mould tools Green electrolyte demoulding micro patterns

Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark Timothy d Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GLP and AMPA ***,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soil,plants and garden produce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and AMPA in soils and their adverse effects on plant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid processed montmorillonite(APM)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%APM inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLP and AMPA in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： N.d.NGUYeN T.N.NGUYeN Faculty of Civil engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(Td)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

Viscoelastic potential flow instability theory of Rivlin-ericksen electrified fluids of cylindrical interface

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Journal of Ocean engineering and Science 2024年第4期9卷 311-316页

作者： d.M.Mostafa department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityPO Box 6644Buraidah 51452Saudi Arabia department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt

A linear electrohydrodynamic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of the interface between two viscoelastic Rivlin-ericksen fluids enclosed by two concentric horizontal cylinders has been studied via the viscoelastic potential flow *** dispersion equation of complex coefficients for asymmetric disturbance has been obtained by using normal mode *** stability criteria are analyzed theoretically and illustrated *** imaginary part of growth rate is plotted versus the wave *** influences of dynamic viscoelastic,uniform velocities,Reynolds number,electric field,dynamic viscosity,density fluids ratio,dielectric constant ratio and inner fluid fraction on the stability of the system are *** study finds its significance in Ocean pipelines to transfer oil or gas such as eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean oil pipeline.

关键词： Rivlin-ericksen fluid Cylindrical flow Viscoelastic potential flow electrohydrodynamics stability

Non-canonical BRAF variants and rearrangements in hairy cell leukemia

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Oncology Research 2024年第9期32卷 1423-1427页

作者： STePHeN e.LANGABeeR Cancer Molecular diagnostics St.James’s HospitalDublinD08 W9RTIreland

Hairy cell leukemia(HCL)is an uncommon mature B-cell malignancy characterized by a typical morphology,immunophenotype,and clinical *** vast majority of HCL patients harbor the canonical BRAF V600e mutation which has become a rationalized target of the subsequently deregulated RAS-RAF-MeK-MAPK signaling pathway in HCL patients who have relapsed or who are refractory to front-line ***,several HCL patients with a classical phenotype display non-canonical BRAF mutations or *** include sequence variants within alternative exons and an oncogenic fusion with the IGH *** must be taken in the molecular diagnostic work-up of patients with typical HCL but without the BRAF V600e to include investigation of these uncommon ***,functional characterization,and reporting of further such patients is likely to provide insights into the pathogenesis of HCL and enable rational selection of targeted inhibitors in such patients if required.

关键词： Hairy cell leukemia BRAF Molecular diagnostics Targeted therapy

exploring the mass gap:Black holes in green pea galaxies

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 170-171页

作者： James e.Rhoads School of earth and Space exploration Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA

We know about black holes primarily on two mass scales(e.g.,see Figure 22 of ref.[1]).Supermassive black holes inhabit the centers of galaxies,where they sometimes power active galactic nuclei(AGN).Their populations can be probed through AGN surveys,tidal disruption event surveys,and(in the closest galaxies)stellar and gas dynamics in the innermost regions where the black hole dominates the gravitational potential.

关键词： galaxies tidal galactic