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Application of ultrasonography-elastography score to suspect porto-sinusoidal vascular disease in patients with portal vein thrombosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 20-24页

作者： Stefania Gioia Adriano de Santis Giulia d’Amati Silvia Nardelli Alessandra Spagnoli Arianna di Rocco Lorenzo Ridola Oliviero Riggio department of Translational and Precision Medicine Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Radiological Oncologicaland Pathological SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly department of Public Health and Infectious diseases Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

Background:Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease(PSVd)and portal vein thrombosis(PVT)are causes of portal hypertension characterized respectively by an intrahepatic and a pre-hepatic obstacle to the flow in the portal *** PVT may be a consequence of PSVd,in PVT patients at presentation,a pre-existing PSVd should be *** these patients the identification of an underlying PSVd would have relevant implication regarding follow-up and therapeutic management,but it could be *** this setting ultrasonography may be valuable in differential *** aim of the study was to use ultrasonography to identify parameters to discriminate between PSVd and“pure”PVT and then to suspect PVT secondary to a pre-existing ***:Fifty-three patients with histologically proven PSVd and forty-eight patients affected by chronic PVT were enrolled and submitted to abdominal ultrasonography with elastography by acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI).Results:ARFI was higher and superior mesenteric vein(SMV)diameter was wider in PSVd patients than in PVT ***,a prognostic score was obtained as linear combinations of the two parameters with a good discrimination capacity between PSVd and PVT(the area under the curve=0.780;95%confidence interval:0.690-0.869).Conclusions:A score based on ARFI and SMV diameter may be useful to suspect an underlying PSVd in patients with PVT and to identify a subgroup of patients to be submitted to liver biopsy.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension Porto-sinusoidal vascular disease Chronic portal vein thrombosis Liver stiffness Portal hypertension Acoustic radiation force impulse

Breaking paradigms: Long non-coding RNAs forming gene fusions with potential implications in cancer

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Genes & diseases 2024年第3期11卷 311-323页

作者： david Sanchez-Marin Macrina Beatriz Silva-Cazares Fany Iris Porras-Reyes Rebeca Garcia-Roman Alma d.Campos-Parra Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad de MexicoC.P.04360Mexico Unidad Academica Multidisciplinaria Region Altiplano Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potost(UASLP)Carretera a Cedral Km 5+600Ejido San Jose de la TrojesMatehualaSan Luis PotosiC.P.78760Mexico Servicio de Anatomia Patologica Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia(INCan)Nino JesuisTlalpanCiudaddeMexicoC.P.14080Mexico Instituto de Salud Publica Universidad Veracruzana(UV)Av.Dr LuisDr.Castelazo Ayala s/nCol.Industrial AnimasXalapaVeracruzC.P.91190Mexico

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)are non-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides with dynamic regulatory *** interact with a wide range of molecules such as dNA,RNA,and proteins to modulate diverse cellular functions through several mechanisms and,if deregulated,they can lead to cancer development and ***,it has been described that IncRNAs are susceptible to form gene fusions with mRNAs or other IncRNAs,breaking the paradigm of gene fusions consisting mainly of protein-coding ***,their biological significance in the tumor phenotype is still ***,their recent identification opens a new line of research to study their biological role in tumor-igenesis,and their potential as biomarkers with clinical relevance or as therapeutic *** present study aimed to review the IncRNA fusions identified so far and to know which of them have been associated with a potential *** address the current challenges to deepen their study as well as the reasons why they represent a future therapeutic window incancer.

关键词： Cancer Genefusions IncRNAs ncRNAs Therapy

Update in lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 452-464页

作者： Karina Sato-Espinoza Perapa Chotiprasidhi Mariella R Huaman Javier díaz-Ferrer division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55902United States Obesity and Metabolic Center for Obesity and Metabolic HealthLima 02002LimaPeru Hepatology Service Department of Digestive DiseasesHospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 02002LimaPeru Medicine Faculty Universidad San Martin de PorresLima 02002LimaPeru Gastroenterology Service Clinica InternacionalLima 02002LimaPeru

BACKGROUNd A new nomenclature consensus has emerged for liver diseases that were previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLd)and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLd).They are now defined as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLd),which includes cardiometabolic criteria in *** condition,extensively studied in obese or overweight patients,constitutes around 30%of the population,with a steady increase *** patients account for approximately 10%-15%of the MASLd ***,the pathogenesis is complex and is not well *** To systematically review the literature on the diagnosis,pathogenesis,characteristics,and prognosis in lean MASLd patients and provide an interpretation of these new *** We conducted a comprehensive database search on PubMed and Google Scholar between January 2012 and September 2023,specifically focusing on lean NAFLd,MAFLd,or MASLd *** include original articles with patients aged 18 years or older,with a lean body mass index categorized according to the World Health Organization criteria,using a cutoff of 25 kg/m2 for the general population and 23 kg/m2 for the Asian *** We include 85 studies in our *** findings revealed that,for lean NAFLd patients,the prevalence rate varied widely,ranging from 3.8%to 34.1%.The precise pathogenesis mechanism remained elusive,with associations found in genetic variants,epigenetic modifications,and adaptative metabolic *** risk factors included metabolic syndrome,hypertension,and type 2 diabetes mellitus,but their prevalence varied based on the comparison group involving lean *** non-invasive tools,Fibrosis-4 index outperformed the NAFLd fibrosis score in lean *** modifications aided in reducing hepatic steatosis and improving cardiometabolic profiles,with some medications showing efficacy to a lesser ***,lean NAFLd patients ex

关键词： Lean Non-obese Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Guidelines diagnosis Management Pathogenesis Treatment

design of a Novel Exoskeleton with Passive Magnetic Spring Self-locking and Spine Lateral Balancing

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 236-255页

作者： Jhon F.Rodríguez-León Betsy d.M.Chaparro-Rico daniele Cafolla Francesco Lago Eduardo Castillo-Castañeda Giuseppe Carbone Centro de Investigacion en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada Unidad Querétaro MecatronicaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCerro Blanco 14176090 Colinas del CimatarioQuerétaroMexico department of Mechanical Energy and Management EngineeringUniversity of CalabriaVia P.Bucci Cubo 46 C87036 RendeItaly Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Computer ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK CESTER University of Cluj-NapocaCluj-NapocaRomania

This paper proposes a new upper-limb exoskeleton to reduce worker physical *** proposed design is based on a novel PRRRP(P-Prismatic;R-Revolute)kinematic chain with 5 passive degrees of Freedom(doF).Utilizing a magnetic spring,the proposed mechanism includes a specially designed locking mechanism that maintains any desired task *** proposed exoskeleton incorporates a balancing mechanism to alleviate discomfort and spinal torsional effects also helping in limb weight *** paper reports specific models and simulations to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed *** experimental characterization is performed to validate the performance of the mechanism in terms of forces and physical strain during a specific application consisting of ceiling-surface drilling *** obtained results preliminarily validate the engineering feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed exoskeleton in the intended operation task thereby requiring the user to exert significantly less force than when not wearing it.

关键词： Assistive mechanism Exoskeleton Locking mechanism Bionic robot

Myokines:metabolic regulation in obesity and type 2 diabetes

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Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 21-45页

作者： Zhi-Tian Chen Zhi-Xuan Weng Jiandie d.Lin Zhuo-Xian Meng department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Key Laboratory of disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute(ZJE) School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHainingZhejiang 314400China Life Sciences Institute and department of Cell and developmental Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States department of Geriatrics Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalHangzhouZhejiang 310006China

Skeletal muscle plays a vital role in the regulation of systemic metabolism,partly through its secretion of endocrine factors which are collectively known as *** myokine levels are associated with metabolic diseases,such as type 2 diabetes(T2d).The significance of interorgan crosstalk,particularly through myokines,has emerged as a fundamental aspect of nutrient and energy ***,a comprehensive understanding of myokine biology in the setting of obesity and T2d remains a major chal*** this review,we discuss the regulation and biological functions of key myokines that have been extensively studied during the past two decades,namely interleukin 6(IL-6),irisin,myostatin(MSTN),growth differentiation factor 11(GdF11),fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21),apelin,brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BdNF),meteorin-like(Metrnl),secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC),β-aminoisobutyric acid(BAIBA),Musclin,and dickkopf 3(dkk3).Related to these,we detail the role of exercise in myokine expression and secretion together with their contributions to metabolic physiology and *** significant advancements in myokine research,many myokines remain challenging to measure accurately and investigate ***,new research techniques and detection methods should be developed and rigorously ***,developing a comprehensive perspective on myokine biology is crucial,as this will likely offer new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity and T2d and may reveal novel targets for therapeutic interventions.

关键词： myokines skeletal muscle obesity type 2 diabetes metabolism

Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl Kerry Johnson Scott Goade Robert d.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAd)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAd as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAd would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAd,we used International Classification of diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAd alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

Flexible ultra-thin super-resolution endoscopy

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 171-172页

作者： George S.d.Gordon department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

In recent years, multimode fiber(MMF) has become an important tool for high-resolution endoscopic imaging in narrow channels(e.g., in the brain via needles or inside blood vessels) due to its high mode density and fine diameter, typically despread deployment in applications is that realistic perturbations, including bending, twisting and changes in temperature, cause unacceptable image degradation.

关键词： fiber resolution typically

Interfacial stress engineering toward enhancement of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO_(2)thin films

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： S X Chen M M Chen Y Liu d W Cao G J Chen department of Microelectronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China department of Physics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China

Ferroelectric HfO_(2)has attracted much attention owing to its superior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thickness and good compatibility with Si-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)***,the crystallization of polar orthorhombic phase(o-phase)HfO_(2)is less competitive,which greatly limits the ferroelectricity of the as-obtained ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin ***,the crystallization of o-phase HfO_(2)can be thermodynamically modulated via interfacial stress *** this paper,the growth of improved ferroelectric Al doped HfO_(2)(HfO_(2):Al)thin films on(111)-oriented Si substrate has been *** analysis has suggested that nonpolar monoclinic HfO_(2):Al grown on(111)-oriented Si substrate suffered from a strong compressive strain,which promoted the crystallization of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2)in the as-grown HfO_(2):Al thin *** addition,the in-plane lattice of(111)-oriented Si substrate matches well with that of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2),which further thermally stabilizes the o-phase HfO_(2).Accordingly,an improved ferroelectricity with a remnant polarization(2P_(r))of 26.7C/cm^(2) has been *** results shown in this work provide a simple way toward the preparation of improved ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin films.

关键词： improved ferroelectricity interfacial stress engineering compressive strain HfO_(2)

Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima d.E.Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage Sohi Kang Joong-Sun Kim Sung-Ho Kim Hongbing Wang Taekyun Shin Changjong Moon department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(MS),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,dPI)and chronic phase(28dPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(dG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and dG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the dG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation