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Host-Induced Gene Silencing of Effector AGLIP1 Enhanced Resistance of Rice to Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA

Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 463-474,I0031-I0034页

作者： ZHAO Mei LIU Xiaoxue wan Jun ZHOU Erxun SHU canwei Pesticide state key laboratory of Green Pesticide Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease ControlCollege of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China college of Life Science and engineering Henan University of Urban ConstructionPingdingshan 467036China

Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major disease in rice-growing areas worldwide. Effectors of phytopathogenic fungi play important roles during the infection process of fungal pathogens onto their host plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which R. solani effectors regulate rice immunity are not well understood. Through prediction, 78 candidate effector molecules were identified. Using the tobacco rattle virus-host induced gene silencing(TRV-HIGS) system, 45 RNAi constructs of effector genes were infiltrated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The results revealed that eight of these constructs resulted in a significant reduction in necrosis caused by infection with the AG1-IA strain Gd-118. Additionally, stable rice transformants carrying the double-stranded RNA construct for one of the effector genes, AGLIP1, were generated to further verify the function of this gene. The suppression of the AGLIP1 gene increased the resistance of both N. benthamiana and rice against Gd-118, and also affected the growth rate of Gd-118, indicating that AGLIP1 is a key pathogenic factor. Small RNA sequencing showed that the HIGS vectors were processed into si RNAs within the plants and then translocated to the fungi, leading to the silencing of the target genes. As a result, AGLIP1 might be an excellent candidate for HIGS, thereby enhancing crop resistance against the pathogen and contributing to the control of R. solani infection.

关键词： Rhizoctonia solani host-induced gene silencing lipase tobacco rattle virus

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New insight into the role of miRNAs in leukemia

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 224-231页

作者： ZHANG Hua & cHEN YueQin key laboratory of Genetic engineering of the Ministry of Education,state key laboratory of Biocontrol,Sun Yan-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,china 1. key laboratory of Genetic engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Sun Yan-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Recent studies have shown that microRNAs(miRNAs) play an important role in cell differentiation,growth,and death,including the functional study of miRNAs in *** date,miRNA expression profiles in many types of cancers have been identified and miRNA expression signatures associated with types and cytogenetics of leukemia have also been *** evidence has shown that miRNAs could function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes in cancers such as leukemia,while other miRNAs might be benefitcial for diagnosis and prognosis,predicted to be newly developed *** this review,we summarize the recent progress about miRNAs in leukemia and present a miRNA-mediated network involved in differentiation,proliferation and apoptosis predicted to be the roles of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of leukemia.

关键词： miRNA leukemia regulation network clinical implication

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computational RNomics:Structure identification and functional prediction of non-coding RNAs in silico

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2010年第5期53卷 548-562页

作者： ZHENG LingLing & QU LiangHu key laboratory of Gene engineering of the Ministry of Education,state key laboratory for Biocontrol,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,china 1. key laboratory of Gene engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

The eukaryotic genome contains varying numbers of non-coding RNA(ncRNA) genes."computational RNomics" takes a multidisciplinary approach,like information science,to resolve the structure and function of ***,we review the main issues in "computational RNomics" of data storage and management,ncRNA gene identification and characterization,ncRNA target identification and functional prediction,and we summarize the main methods and current content of "computational RNomics".

关键词： non-coding RNA eukaryote computational RNomics

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Two-dimensional Metallophthalocyanine Nanomaterials for Electrocatalytic Energy conversion

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 364-385页

作者： Xinqi wang Shaohui Sun Jiahao Yao Hao wan Renzhi Ma Wei Ma School of chemical engineering and Zhongyuan critical Metals laboratory Zhengzhou University Research center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)

crowing energy demand drives the rapid development of clean and reliable energy *** the past years,the exploration of novel materials with considerable efficiency and durability has drawn attention in the area of elec... 详细信息

关键词： conjugated nanostructure electrocatalysis 2d metallophthalocyanines

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tRNAs as regulators in gene expression

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 245-252页

作者： LI Yan & ZHOU Hui key laboratory of Gene engineering of the Ministry of Education,state key laboratory for Biocontrol,Sun Yan-Sen University Guangzhou 510275,china 1. key laboratory of Gene engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol Sun Yan-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

Transfer RNAs(tRNAs) hold a central place in protein synthesis by interpreting the genetic information stored in dNA into the amino acid sequence of protein,thus functioning as "adaptor" *** recent years,however,various studies have shown that tRNAs have additional functions beyond participating in protein *** suffering from certain nutritional stresses,tRNAs change the level of aminoacylation to became uncharged,and these uncharged tRNAs act as effector molecules to regulate global gene expression,so that the stressed organism copes with the adverse environmental *** budding yeast and certain mammalian cells,the retrograde movement of mature tRNAs from cytoplasm to nucleus serves as a mechanism for the surveillance system within the nucleus to continue monitoring the integrity of *** the other hand,this retrograde action effectively reduces the global protein synthesis level under conditions of nutritional *** recently,various publications have shown that tRNAs are not stable molecules in an absolute *** certain physiological or environmental stresses,they are specifically cleaved into fragments of different lengths in the anticodon loop or anticodon left *** cleavages are not a meaningless random degradation ***,a novel class of signal molecules such as tRNA halves or sitRNAs may be produced,which are closely correlated with the modulation of global gene *** of the regulatory functions of tRNAs is a frontier,which seeks to reveal the structural and functional diversity of tRNAs as well as their vital functions during the expression of genetic information.

关键词： tRNA sitRNA gene expression regulation stress response

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state of the art:Mechanical behavior of soil-structure interface

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1187-1196页

作者： Ga Zhang,Jianmin Zhang state key laboratory of Hydroscience and engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,china [a]state key laboratory of Hydroscience and engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The monotonic and cyclic behavior of a soil-structure interface has a significant effect on the mechanical response of a soil-structure interaction ***,the behavior of the interface should be investigated with focusing on the individual characters different from other geomaterials.A brief introduction and critical review are presented on the state of the art of monotonic and cyclic behavior of soil- structure interface,including the test device and measurement techniques,fundamental rules and deformation mechanism,constitutive models and their applications in the numerical *** tendencies of the investigation on the interface are also predicted in this paper.

关键词： Interface Soil Mechanical behavior Test constitutive model Numerical analysis

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Atom substitution of the solid-state electrolyte Li_(10)GeP_(2)S_(12)for stabilized all-solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 28-38,I0002页

作者： Zijing wan Xiaozhen chen Ziqi Zhou Xiaoliang Zhong Xiaobing Luo dongwei Xu state key laboratory of coal combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Solid-state electrolyte Li_(10)GeP_(2)S_(12)(LGPS)has a high lithium ion conductivity of 12 mS cm^(-1)at room temperature,but its inferior chemical stability against lithium metal anode impedes its practical *** all solutions,Ge atom substitution of the solid-state electrolyte LGPS stands out as the most promising solution to this interface problem.A systematic screening framework for Ge atom substitution including ionic conductivity,thermodynamic stability,electronic and mechanical properties is utilized to solve *** fast screening,an enhanced model dop Net Fc using chemical formulas for the dataset is adopted to predict ionic ***,Li_(10)SrP_(2)S_(12)(LSrPS)is screened out,which has high lithium ion conductivity(12.58 mS cm^(-1)).In addition,an enhanced migration of lithium ion across the LSr PS/Li interface is ***,compared to the LGPS/Li interface,LSrPS/Li interface exhibits a larger Schottky barrier(0.134 eV),smaller electron transfer region(3.103?),and enhanced ability to block additional electrons,all of which contribute to the stabilized *** applied theoretical atom substitution screening framework with the aid of machine learning can be extended to rapid determination of modified specific material schemes.

关键词： Atom substitution Solid-state electrolyte Machine learning Stabilized interface

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Universal hierarchical symmetry for turbulence and general multi-scale fluctuation systems

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第3期25卷 279-294页

作者： Zhen-Su She Zhi-Xiong Zhang state key laboratory for Turbulence and complex Systems, college of engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, china state key laboratory for Turbulence and complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Scaling is an important measure of multi-scale fluctuation systems. Turbulence as the most remarkable multi-scale system possesses scaling over a wide range of scales. She-Leveque （SL） hierarchical symmetry, since its publication in 1994, has received wide attention. A number of experimental, numerical and theoretical work have been devoted to its verification, extension, and modification. Application to the understanding of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, motions of cosmic baryon fluids, cosmological supersonic turbulence, natural image, spiral turbulent patterns, dNA anomalous composition, human heart variability are just a few among the most successful examples. A number of modified scaling laws have been derived in the framework of the hierarchical symmetry, and the SL model parameters are found to reveal both the organizational order of the whole system and the properties of the most significant fluctuation structures. A partial set of work related to these studies are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the nature of the hierarchical symmetry. It is suggested that the SL hierarchical symmetry is a new form of the self-organization principle for multi-scale fluctuation systems, and can be employed as a standard analysis tool in the general multi-scale methodology. It is further suggested that the SL hierarchical symmetry implies the existence of a turbulence ensemble. It is speculated that the search for defining the turbulence ensemble might open a new way for deriving statistical closure equations for turbulence and other multi-scale fluctuation systems.

关键词： Turbulence. Scaling law. She-Leveque modelHierarchical symmetry Self-organization - Turbulenceensemble

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REAcTION MEcHANISM OF BENZOPHENONE-PHOTOINITIATEd cROSSLINKING OF POLYETHYLENE

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2002年第4期20卷 291-307页

作者： Bao-jun Qu state key laboratory of Fire Science and department of Polymer Science and engineering University of Science and Technology of china Hefei 230026 china Univ Sci & Technol china State Key Lab Fire Sci Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol china Dept Polymer Sci & Engn Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

The radical intermediates, the crosslink microstructures, and the reaction mechanism of benzophenone (BP)-photoinitiated crosslinking of low-density polyethylene (LdPE) and model compounds (Md) have been reviewed in detail. The spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra obtained from the LdPE/BP systems with spin-trap agents show that two kinds of polymer radical intermediates are mainly formed: tertiary carbon and secondary carbon radicals. The spin-trapping ESR studies of Md/BP systems give further evidence that photocrosslinking reactions of PE predominantly take place a sites of tertiary carbon, secondary carbon, and especially allylic carbon when available. The high resolution c-13-NMR spectra obtained from LdPE and Md systems show that the crosslink microstructures have H- and Y-type links and that their concentrations are of the same order. The fluorescence, ESR, c-13 and H-1-NMR spectra from the PE and Md systems demonstrate that the main photoreduction product of BP (PPB) is benzpinacol formed by the recombination of two diphenylhydroxymethyl (K-.) radical intermediates. Two new PPB products: an isomer of benzpinacol with quinoid structure, 1-phenylhydroxymethylene-4-diphenylhydroxymethyl-2,5-cyclobexadiene and three kinds of alpha-alkyl-benzhydrols have been detected and identified. These results provide new experimental evidence for elucidating the reaction mechanism in the BP-photoinitiated crosslinking of polyethylene.

关键词： photocrosslinking mechanism polymer radical intermediates crosslink microstructures photolytic products of benzophenone polyethylene model compound

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Sediment pollution and its effect on fish through food chain in the Yangtze River

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2008年第4期23卷 338-347页

Suspended sediment adsorbs pollutants from flowing water in rivers and deposits onto the bed. However, the pollutants accumulated in the river bed sediment may affect the bio-community through food chain for a long period of time. To study the problem the concentration of heavy metals (cr, cd, Hg, cu, Fe, Zn, Pb and As) in water, sediment, and fish/invertebrate were investigated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 2006-2007. The concentrations of heavy metals were 100-10,000 times higher in the sediment than in the water. Benthic invertebrates had relatively high concentrations of heavy metals in their tissues due to their proximity to contaminated sediments. Benthic invertivore fish had moderately high concentrations of heavy metals whereas phytoplanktivore fish, such as the silver carp, accumulated the lowest concentration of heavy metals. The concentrations of cu, Zn, and Fe were higher than Hg, Pb, cd, cr, and As in the tissue samples. The concentration of heavy metals was lower in the river sediments than in the lake sediments. conversely, the concentration of heavy metals was higher in river water than in lake water. While a pollution event into a water body is often transitory, the effects of the pollutants may be long-lived due to their tendency to be absorbed in the sediments and then released into the food chain. The heavy metals were concentrated in the following order: bottom material > demersal fish and benthic fauna > middle-lower layer fish > upper-middle layer fish > water.

关键词： Sediment pollution Heavy metal Fish Invertebrate Yangtze River

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