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An automated medium scale prototype for anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill wastewater

Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第4期4卷 316-320页

作者： B.Bernardi S.Benalia d.a.zema V.Tamburino G.Zimbalatti department of AGRARIA University Mediterranea of Reggio CalabriaLocalita Feo di Vito89122 Reggio Calabria(RC)Italy

Olive oil production constitutes one of the most important agro-industrial business for Mediterranean countries,where 97% of the international production is *** an activity,mainly carried out through three phase olive oil mill plants,generates huge amounts of solid and liquid by-products further than olive ***-chemical features of these by-products depend on various factors such as soil and climatic conditions,agricultural practices and *** currently carried out,the disposal of these byproducts may lead to numerous problems taking into account management,economic and particularly environmental ***,olive mill wastewater is not easily biodegradable due to its high chemical and biochemical oxygen demand,its high content in phenolic compounds,high ratio C/N and low pH,leading consequently to soil and water source ***,the above-mentioned statements,olive mill waste disposal constitutes nowadays a challenge for oil industry *** becomes necessary to look for alternative solutions in order to overcome environmental problems and ensure the sustainability of oil *** co-digestion of olive mill wastewater with other agro-industrial matrices could be one of these solutions;since it offers the possibility to produce green energy and break down toxicological compounds contained in these wastewater for a better disposal of the digested matrices as soil *** this contest,this note reports the functioning principle of an automated medium scale plant for anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill wastewater.

关键词： Medium scale prototype Olive mill wastewater(OMWW) Anaerobic co-digestion(Acod) Automatic process

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Short-term changes in soil properties after prescribed fire and mulching with fern in Mediterranean forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1271-1289页

作者： Bruno Gianmarco Carra Giuseppe Bombino Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja Adele Muscolo Federico Romeo demetrio Antonio zema AGRARIA department Mediterranean University of Reggio CalabriaLoc.Feo di Vito89122 Reggio CalabriaItaly department of Agroforestry Technology and Science and Genetics School of Advanced Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringThe University of Castilla-La ManchaCampus Universitario s/n02071 AlbaceteSpain

Prescribed fire,although having low intensity and being able to reduce the risk of wildfire may modify soil properties in the short term,with possible increases in runoffand erosion *** mulching with vegetation residues is one of the most common post-fire management *** of fern,which is abundant on the Mediterranean forest floor,may be used to replace straw for mulching fireaffected ***,the effects of prescribed fires are not completely understood,and there is no data regarding the use of fern to protect soil after fire in the *** fill this gap,selected soil chemical parameters were analyzed,on a comparative basis,in three Mediterranean forests(pine,oak and chestnut)in Calabria(Southern Italy).These parameters were measured immediately and one year after fire in unburned,burned and not treated,and burned and mulched *** in soil chemical properties among the different treatments were significant,and the effects of the prescribed fire and mulching were dependent on the time elapsed from their application and forest *** general,mulching was not effective in limiting the changes in the monitored soil properties compared to the pre-fire *** forest species showed different temporal trends in changes of soil properties.

关键词： Organic matter Nutrients Macro-elements Vegetation cover Post-fire management

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Evaluation of the WEPP Model in a Belgian Agricultural Watershed

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第2期5卷 184-198页

作者： G. Govers F. Licciardello d.A. zema S.M. Zimbone Physical and Regional Geography Research Group Katholieke University Leuven 3000 Belgium University of Catania Department of Agricultural Engineering Catania 95123 Italy department of Agro-Forest and Environmental Sciences and Technology Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria Reggio Calabria 89122 Italy

The physically based WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) model was implemented in a small agricultural watershed located in central Belgium, called Ganspoel. The watershed, mainly agricultural and resulting in a smooth topography, covers about 115 ha in a landscape typical of large parts of central Europe. Seventeen runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events, collected during a 2-year monitoring period, were simulated by the model. Even though the runoff volume predictions were well correlated to the corresponding observations, WEPP prediction capability was generally unsatisfactory also when different set-up methods of the soil effective hydraulic conductivity were used. The poor performance achieved for runoff volume and peak flow simulations affected sediment yield predictions. The differences between observed and simulated values for runoff, peak flow and sediment yield events may depend on: i) the great number of small runoff and sediment yield events within the available database with which is associated large natural variation and which in many cases are not well reproduced by WEPP; ii) the lack of model calibration processes; iii) the scarceness of information about some important soil physical and hydrological parameters; iv) the land use heterogeneity and crop schedule complexity of the Ganspoel watershed.

关键词： Watershed modelling WEPP water runoff peak flow soil erosion

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