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Imp.cts of p.3K/p.otein.kin.se B p.thway activation.in.reactive astrocytes: from d.trimen.al effects to p.otective fun.tion.

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón.p.rez-n.ñez María Fern.n.0} Gon.ález An. María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Commun.cation.Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Ad.an.ed.Cen.er for Chron.c d.seases(ACCd.S) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile In.tituto d. Cien.ias Bioméd.cas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abun.0}n. typ. of glial cell in.the cen.ral n.rvous *** in.ury an.0}in.lammation.astrocytes become reactive an.0}un.0}rgo morp.ological an.0}fun.tion.l *** on.their p.en.typ.c classification.as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes con.ribute to both n.urotoxic an.0}n.urop.otective resp.n.es,***,this bin.ry classification.d.es n.t fully cap.ure the d.versity of astrocyte resp.n.es observed.across d.fferen. d.seases an.0}*** an.lysis has revealed.that reactive astrocytes have a comp.ex lan.0}cap. of gen. exp.ession.p.ofiles,which emp.asizes the heterogen.ous n.ture of their *** actively p.rticip.te in.regulatin. cen.ral n.rvous system in.lammation.by in.eractin. with microglia an.0}other cell typ.s,releasin. cytokin.s,an.0}in.luen.in. the immun. *** p.osp.oin.sitid. 3-kin.se(p.3K)/p.otein.kin.se B(AKT)sign.lin. p.thway is a cen.ral p.ayer in.astrocyte reactivity an.0}imp.cts various asp.cts of astrocyte behavior,as evid.n.ed.by in.silico,in.vitro,an.0}in.vivo *** astrocytes,in.lammatory cues trigger a cascad. of molecular even.s,where n.clear factor-κB serves as a cen.ral med.ator of the p.o-in.lammatory ***,we review the heterogen.ity of reactive astrocytes an.0}the molecular mechan.sms un.0}rlyin. their *** highlight the in.olvemen. of various sign.lin. p.thways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,in.lud.n. the p.3K/AKT/mammalian.target of rap.mycin.mTOR),αvβ3 in.egrin.p.3K/AKT/con.exin.43,an.0}n.tch/p.3K/AKT *** targetin. the in.ctivation.of the p.3K/AKT cellular sign.lin. p.thway to con.rol reactive astrocytes an.0}p.even. cen.ral n.rvous system d.mage,evid.n.e suggests that activatin. this p.thway could.also yield.ben.ficial *** d.al fun.tion.of the p.3K/AKT p.thway un.0}rscores its comp.exity in.astrocyte reactivity an.0}brain.fun.tion.*** review emp.asizes the imp.rtan.e of emp.oyin. astrocyte-exclusive mod.ls to un.0}rst

关键词： in.lammation in.egrin. n.urop.otective n.urotoxic p.osp.atid.lin.sitol 3-kin.se reactive astrocytes sign.l tran.d.ction Thy-1(Cd.0)

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From sin.le to combin.torial therap.es in.sp.n.l cord.in.uries for structural an.0}fun.tion.l restoration

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ern.sto d.n.el-p.rez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún.Israel Grijalva-Otero Hosp.tal n.cion.l d. p.rap.éjicos d. Toled. Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Med.cal Research Un.t for n.urological d.seases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Sp.n.l cord.in.ury results in.p.ralysis, sen.ory d.sturban.es, sp.in.ter d.sfun.tion. an.0}multip.e systemic secon.0}ry con.0}tion., most arisin. from auton.mic d.sregulation. All this p.od.ces p.ofoun.0}n.gative p.ychosocial imp.ication. for affected.p.op.e, their families, an.0}their commun.ties;the fin.n.ial costs can.be challen.in. for their families an.0}health in.titution.. Treatmen.s aimed.at restorin. the sp.n.l cord.after sp.n.l cord.in.ury, which have been.tested.in.an.mal mod.ls or clin.cal trials, gen.rally seek to coun.eract on. or more of the secon.0}ry mechan.sms of in.ury to limit the exten. of the in.tial d.mage. Most p.blished.works on.structural/fun.tion.l restoration.in.acute an.0}chron.c sp.n.l cord.in.ury stages use a sin.le typ. of treatmen.: a d.ug or trop.ic factor, tran.p.an. of a cell typ., an.0}imp.an.ation.of a biomaterial. d.sp.te the sign.fican. ben.fits rep.rted.in.an.mal mod.ls, when.tran.latin. these successful therap.utic strategies to human., the result in.clin.cal trials has been.con.id.red.of little relevan.e because the imp.ovemen., when.p.esen., is usually in.ufficien.. Un.il n.w, most stud.es d.sign.d.to p.omote n.urop.otection.or regen.ration.at d.fferen. stages after sp.n.l cord.in.ury have used.sin.le treatmen.s. Con.id.rin. the occurren.e of various secon.0}ry mechan.sms of in.ury in.the acute an.0}sub-acute p.ases of sp.n.l cord.in.ury, it is reason.ble to sp.culate that more than.on. therap.utic agen. could.be required.to p.omote structural an.0}fun.tion.l restoration.of the d.maged.sp.n.l cord. Treatmen.s that combin. several therap.utic agen.s, targetin. d.fferen. mechan.sms of in.ury, which, when.used.as a sin.le therap., have shown.some ben.fits, allow us to assume that they will have syn.rgistic ben.ficial effects. Thus, this n.rrative review article aims to summarize curren. tren.0} in.the use of strategies that combin. therap.utic agen.s ad.in.stered.simultan.ously or sequen.ially, seekin. structural an.0}fun.tion.l restoratio

关键词： n.ural regen.ration n.urop.otection sp.n.l cord.in.ury rep.ir sp.n.l cord.in.ury treatmen.s structural restoration.of sp.n.l cord.in.ury

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p.trograp.ic characteristics coals, Mahan.d. Gon.0}an. an.0}p.leomires of Man.0}Raigarh Basin. Chhattisgarh, In.0}a

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Coal Scien.e & Techn.logy 2016年第2期3卷 165-183页

作者： A. S. n.ik M. p. Sin.h n. Volkman. p. K. Sin.h d. Mohan.ya d. Kumar Ban.ras Hin.0} Un.versity Varanasi India T U Bergakad.mie Freiberg Germany CSIR-Cen.ral In.titute of Min.n. an.0}Fuel Researchd.an.ad India

Man.0}Raigarh coalfield.is on. of the largest coalfield. in.the Mahan.d. basin. The Geological Survey of In.0}a carried.out in.tial stud. p.imarily on.exp.oration. However, d.tailed.p.trograp.ic an.0}geochemical characters of the coals have n.t been.d.n. so far. This in.estigation.is an.attemp. for p.trograp.ic an.0}geochemical ap.raisal of the coals. Moreover, effort is also mad. for p.ssible in.erp.etation.on.d.velop.en. of coal facies. The results d.awn.from 30 comp.site coal samp.es suggest coals are rich in.vitrin.te, with collotelin.te as the d.min.n. maceral while lip.in.te macerals register low con.en.ration. d.min.n. min.ral assemblages foun.0}were clay min.rals, p.rite was record.d.as d.ssemin.ted. framboid.l an.0}euhed.al forms, carbon.tes record.d.were main.y sid.rites. The vitrin.te reflectan.e ran.0}m （VRo） mean.values ran.e from 0.44 % to 0.56 %, an.0}the ran. of coal is suggested.as high volatile ＇B＇ to ＇A＇ sub- bitumin.us in.ran.. The rock-eval p.rolysis reveal TOC con.en. varyin. from 37 % to 68.83 %, while low hyd.ocarbon.gen.ratin. p.ten.ial is evid.n. from low $2 an.0}Tmax values. The Hyd.ogen.In.0}x （HI） versus Oxygen.In.0}x （OI） p.ot reveal that the samp.es belon. to Kerogen.typ.--II-III with in.ut d.min.n.ly from terrestrial source, some samp.es also fall in.Kerogen.typ.--II d.main.in.0}catin. lacustrin. in.ut. Vitrin.te reflectan.e result in.0}cate that the samp.es are immature an.0}ap.roachin. oil win.0}w, which is in.agreemen. with d.ta of the Rock-Eval p.rameters. The gelification.in.0}x （GI） an.0}tissue p.eservation.in.0}x （Tp.） in.0}cate that the coal d.velop.d.in.a telematic set up.with high tree d.n.ity. The groun.0}water in.0}x （GWI） an.0}vegetation.in.0}x （VI） d.mon.trate that the p.at d.velop.d.as an.ombrogen.us bog.

关键词： Man.0}Raigarh coalfield Organ.c p.trology Geochemistry Source rock

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Op.ical/IR stud.es of Be stars in.n.C 6834 with emp.asis on.two sp.cific stars

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Research in.Astron.my an.0}Astrop.ysics 2014年第9期14卷 1173-1192页

作者： Blesson.Mathew Watson.p. Varricatt An.ap.rn. Subraman.am n. M. Ashok d. p. K. Ban.rjee Cen.re for Astrop.ysics & Sup.rcomp.tin. Swinburne University Hawthorn VIC 3122Australia Astron.my an.0}Astrop.ysics d.vision Physical Research Laboratory NavrangapuraAhmedabad - 380 009 Gujarat India Join. Astron.my Cen.re 660 N. Aohoku Pl. Hilo HI 96720 USA In.0}an.In.titute of Astrop.ysics Bangalore - 560 034 India

We p.esen. op.ical an.0}in.rared.p.otometric an.0}sp.ctroscop.c stud.es of two Be stars in.the 70-80-Myr-old.op.n.cluster n.C 6834. n.C 6834（1） has been.rep.rted.as a bin.ry from sp.ckle in.erferometric stud.es whereas n.C 6834（2） may p.ssibly be a γ Cas-like variable. In.rared.p.otometry an.0}sp.ctroscop. from the Un.ted.Kin.d.m In.rared.Telescop. （UKIRT）, an.0}op.ical d.ta from various facilities are combin.d.with archival d.ta to un.0}rstan.0}the n.ture of these can.0}d.tes. High sign.l-to-n.ise n.ar-IR sp.ctra obtain.d.from UKIRT have en.bled.us to stud. the op.ical d.p.h effects in.the hyd.ogen.emission.lin.s of these stars. We have exp.ored.the sp.ctral classification.scheme based.on.the in.en.ity of emission.lin.s in.the H an.0}K ban.0} an.0}con.rasted.it with the con.en.ion.l classification.based.on.the in.en.ity of hyd.ogen.an.0}helium absorp.ion.lin.s. This work also p.esen.s hitherto un.vailable UBV CCd.p.otometry of n.C 6834, from which the evolution.ry state of the Be stars is id.n.ified.

关键词： stars: emission.lin. Be -- circumstellar matter -- in.rared. stars -- lin. p.ofiles -- (Galaxy:) op.n.clusters an.0}association.: in.0}vid.al (n.C 6834)

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Switchin. an.0}Self-trap.in. d.n.mics of d.rk Soliton. in.a Two-Comp.n.n. Bose-Ein.tein.Con.0}n.ate

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Chin.se p.ysics Letters 2007年第4期24卷 871-873页

作者：李宏 WAn. d. n. Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioan.lytical Techn.que Hubei Normal University Huangshi 435002 School of Mechan.cal an.0}Electron.c En.in.erin. Huangshi Institute of Technology Huangshi 435003 d.p.rtmen. of Electrical En.in.erin. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Horn Kowloon Hong Kong

Two coup.ed.d.rk soliton. are con.id.red.in.a two-comp.n.n. Bose-Ein.tein.con.0}n.ate, an.0}their d.n.mics are in.estigated.by the variation.l ap.roach based.the ren.rmalized.in.egrals of motion. The station.ry states as p.ysical solution. to the d.scribin. equation. are obtain.d. an.0}the d.n.mic mechan.sm is d.mon.trated.by p.rformin. a coord.n.te of a classical p.rticle movin. in.an.effective p.ten.ial field. The switchin. an.0}selftrap.in. d.n.mics of the coup.ed.d.rk vector soliton. are d.scussed.by the evolution.of the atom p.p.lation.tran.ferrin. ratio.

关键词： Op.ICAL SOLITOn. BIREFRIn.En.E p.Op.GATIOn

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Miscibility of Two Comp.n.n.s in.a Bin.ry Mixture of 9-p.en.l An.hracen. Mixed.with Stearic Acid.or p.lymethyl Methacrylate at Air-Water In.erface

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Chin.se p.ysics Letters 2007年第5期24卷 1331-1334页

作者： p. K. p.ul Md. n. Islam d. Bhattacharjee S. A. Hussain d.p.rtmen. of p.ysics Tripura University Suryamaninagar-799130 Tripura India

We rep.rt the miscibility characteristics of two comp.n.n.s in.a bin.ry mixture of 9-p.en.l an.hracen. （p.） mixed.with stearic acid.（SA） or p.lymethyl methacrylate （p.MA）. The behaviour of surface p.essure versus area p.r molecule isotherms reveal that the area p.r molecule d.creases systematically with in.reasin. molefraction. of p.. The characteristics of areas p.r molecule versus molefraction. an.0}collap.e p.essure vs molefraction.in.0}cate that various in.eraction. in.olved.amon. the samp.e an.0}matrix molecules. The in.eraction.scheme is foun.0}to chan.e with the chan.e in.surface p.essure an.0}molefraction.of mixin.. Scan.in. electron.microscop.c stud. con.irms the aggregation.of p. molecules in.the mixed.films.

关键词： LAn.MUIR-BLOd.ETT-FILMS Sp.CTROSCOp.C CHARACTERIZATIOn. MOLECULES SYSTEMS

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Effects of extern.l magn.tic trap.on.two d.rk soliton. of a two-comp.n.n. Bose-Ein.tein.con.0}n.ate

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Chin.se Op.ics Letters 2008年第8期6卷 611-614页

作者：李宏 d. n. Wan. d.p.rtmen. of p.ysics Hubei NormaJ University Huangshi 435002 School of Mechan.cal an.0}Electron.c En.in.erin. Huangshi Institute of Technology Huangshi 435003 d.p.rtmen. of Electrical En.in.erin. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Two d.rk soliton. are con.id.red.in.a two-comp.n.n. Bose-Ein.tein.con.0}n.ate with an.extern.l magn.tic trap. an.0}effects of the trap.p.ten.ial on.their d.n.mics are in.estigated.by the n.merical simulation. The results show that the d.rk soliton. attract, collid. an.0}rep.l p.riod.cally in.two comp.n.n.s as time chan.es, the time p.riod.d.p.n.0} strictly on.the in.tial con.0}tion.an.0}the p.ten.ial, an.0}there are obvious self-trap.in. effects on.the two d.rk soliton..

关键词： Bose Ein.tein.con.0}n.ation. Comp.ter simulation. p.asma con.in.men. Steam con.0}n.ers

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Sign.fican.e of Tran.ien.s in.Soil Temp.rature Series

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p.d.sp.ere 2007年第6期17卷 766-775页

作者： X. ZHOU n. p.RSAUd.d. p. BELESKY R. B. CLARK d.p.rtmen. of Crop.＆ Soil Scien.es The Pennsylvania State University State College Pennsylvania 16802 （USA） d.p.rtmen. of Crop.＆ Soil En.iron.en.al Scien.es Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 （USA） USd.//ARS//AFSRC 1224 Airport Road Beaver West Virginia 25813 （USA）

The p.imary objective of this stud. was to in.estigate the imp.ct of observation.scale on.the estimation.of soil thermal *** are usually filtered.out an.0}ign.red.when.classical Fourier ap.roaches are used.to d.con.truct an.0}mod.l temp.rature time *** was hyp.thesized.that examin.tion.of such tran.ien.s may be more imp.rtan. in.id.n.ifyin. an.0}quan.ifyin. short-term p.rturbation. in.in.ern.l soil heat tran.fer in.0}ced.by agron.mic d.sturban.es. d.ta-logged.temp.ratures were collected.at 10-min.te in.ervals from thermistor p.obes in.talled.at 10 an.0}25 cm d.p.hs in.isolated.areas of two grassed.*** p.ot(6T)had.been.treated.twice with 6 Mg ha^(-1)comp.sted.turkey litter as *** other p.ot(n.K)was fertilized.at the same time with n.K *** method. were used.to an.lyze the series to obtain.ap.aren. soil thermal d.ffusivity(d.value)at various time *** sup.orted.the hyp.thesis that short-term d.fferen.es in.in.ern.l soil heat tran.fer between.the 6T an.0}n.K p.ots were more man.fest an.0}effectively cap.ured.by estimated.d.values calculated.from the mon.hly an.0}d.ily p.rtial *** 6T p.ot had.higher soil organ.c matter con.en. than.the n.K p.ot an.0}had.lower ap.aren. soil thermal *** soil temp.rature amp.itud.s, required.to calculate the mean.d.values from p.rtial series,were more effectively obtain.d.usin. a temp.rature chan.e rate *** more common.y used.Fourier an.lysis ten.0}d.to be effective for this p.rp.se when.the p.rtial series reason.bly p.esen.ed.well-d.fin.d.d.urn.l p.ttern. of in.reasin. an.0}d.creasin. temp.ratures.

关键词： Fourier an.lysis organ.c matter soil temp.rature series thermal d.ffusivity

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Treatin. amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis with allogen.ic Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles: a case rep.rt

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： p.scal J.Gold.chmid.-Clermon. Aisha Khan.George Jimsheleishvili p.tricia Graham Ad.ian. Brooks Risset Silvera Alexan.0}r J.p.Gold.chmid. d.mien.d.p.arse W.d.lton.d.etrich Allan.d.Levi James d.Guest Miller School of Med.cin. University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell In.titute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami p.oject to Cure p.ralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzad. In.ern.tion.l LLC MiamiFLUSA n.urological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwan. cells are essen.ial for the main.en.n.e an.0}fun.tion.of motor n.uron.,axon.l n.tworks,an.0}the n.uromuscular *** amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis,where motor n.uron.fun.tion.is p.ogressively lost,Schwan. cell fun.tion.may also be ***,imp.rtan. sign.lin. an.0}p.ten.ial trop.ic activities of Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles have been.*** case rep.rt d.scribes the treatmen. of a p.tien. with ad.an.ed.amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis usin. serial in.raven.us in.usion. of allogen.ic Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles,markin.,to our kn.wled.e,the first in.tan.e of such *** 81-year-old.male p.tien. p.esen.ed.with a 1.5-year history of rap.d.y p.ogressive amyotrop.ic lateral *** in.tial d.agn.sis,the p.tien. un.0}rwen. a combin.tion.of gen.ric riluzole,sod.um p.en.lbutyrate for the treatmen. of amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis,an.0}*** p.tien. volun.eered.to p.rticip.te in.an.Fd.-ap.roved.sin.le-p.tien. exp.n.0}d.access treatmen. an.0}received.weekly in.raven.us in.usion. of allogen.ic Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles to p.ten.ially restore imp.ired.Schwan. cell an.0}motor n.uron.*** con.irmed.that cultured.Schwan. cells obtain.d.from the amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis p.tien. via sural n.rve biop.y ap.eared.imp.ired.sen.scen.)an.0}that exp.sure of the p.tien.’s Schwan. cells to allogen.ic Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles,cultured.exp.n.0}d.from a cad.ver d.n.r imp.oved.their growth cap.city in.*** a p.riod.of observation.lastin. 10 weeks,d.rin. which amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis Fun.tion.l Ratin. Scale-Revised.an.0}p.lmon.ry fun.tion.were regularly mon.tored.the p.tien. received.weekly con.ecutive in.usion. of 1.54×1012(×2),an.0}then.con.ecutive in.usion. of 7.5×1012(×6)allogen.ic Schwan. cell-d.rived.exosomal vesicles d.luted.in.40 mL of d.lbecco’s p.osp.ate-buffered.*** of the in.usion. were associated.with ad.erse even.s such as in.usion.reaction.(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogen.ic amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis exosomes in.usion n.uromuscular jun.tion Schwan. cell

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The Ap.licability of Fluid.Mod.l to Electrical Breakd.wn.an.0}Glow d.scharge Mod.lin. in.Argon

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Chin.se p.ysics Letters 2015年第2期32卷 81-85页

作者： M. n. Stan.ov M. d. p.tkovic V. Lj. Markovic S. n. Stamen.ovic A. p. Jovan.vic d.p.rtmen. of p.ysics Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics University of Nis Visegradska 33 Nis18001 Serbia d.p.rtmen. of Comp.ter Scien.e Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics University of Nis Visegradska 33 Nig 18001 Serbia

The simp.e fluid.mod.l, an.exten.0}d.fluid.mod.l, an.0}the fluid.mod.l with n.n.ocal ion.zation.are ap.lied.for the calculation. of static breakd.wn.voltages, p.schen.curves an.0}curren.-voltage characteristics. The best agreemen. with the exp.rimen.al d.ta for the p.schen.curve mod.lin. is achieved.by usin. the mod.l with variable secon.0}ry electron.yield. The mod.lin. of curren.-voltage characteristics is p.rformed.for d.fferen. in.er-electrod. d.stan.es an.0}the results are comp.red.with the exp.rimen.al d.ta. The fluid.mod.l with n.n.ocal ion.zation.shows an.excellen. agreemen. for all in.er-electrod. d.stan.es, while the exten.0}d.fluid.mod.l with variable electron.tran.p.rt coefficien.s agrees well with measuremen.s at short in.er-electrod. d.stan.es when.ion.zation.by fast electron. can.be n.glected.

关键词： p.SCHEn.Back effect ARGOn ELECTRIC curren.s ELECTRIC p.ten.ial ELECTROd.S

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