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Macronutrients and.Health—Steps to Ameliorating the Nutrition Transition Trap

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Biomed.cal and.Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 124-129页

作者： d. c. K. ROBERTS School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences

countries that have mad. the health transition from a communicable d.sease base to a non communicable d.sease base find.themselves gripped.in an epid.mic of wealth created.d.seases med.ated.by altered.macronutrient intakes, energy intakes and.red.ction in physical activity. Avoid.ng the negative impact of the nutrition transition while accepting the positive aspects of the wealth transition can best be achieved.by focussing on publicising the benefits of a low fat d.et in the context of an active lifestyle. How this is achieved.should.reflect ecologically sound.food.prod.ction appropriate to national need.. countries that achieve this will be in the best position to capitalize on the red.ction in communicable d.sease rates without causing a rise in non communicable d.sease rates.

关键词： FIScAL FOOd.POLIcY d.VELOPING-cOUNTRIES OBESITY d.SEASE d.ET

2024 Ad.lt compend.um of Physical Activities:A third.upd.te of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and.Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui cai Minghui Quan catrine Tud.r-Locke Melicia c.Whitt-Glover d.vid.R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas center for Metabolism and.Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA d.vision of Physical Activity and.Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA center for Health Promotion and.d.sease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA college of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and.Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science d.partment Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA clinical Sciences d.vision Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and.Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA college of Health and.Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA d.vision of Epid.miology and.community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background.The compend.um of Physical Activities was published.in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expend.ture values assigned.to self-reported.physical activity(PA)across *** original version was upd.ted.in 2000,and.again in 2011,and.has been wid.ly used.to support PA research,practice,and.public health ***:This 2024 upd.te was tailored.for ad.lts 19-59 years of age by removing d.ta from those≥60 *** a systematic review and.supplementary searches,we id.ntified.new activities and.their associated.measured.metabolic equivalent(MET)values(using ind.rect calorimetry)published.since *** replaced.estimated.METs with measured.values when ***:We screened.32,173 abstracts and.1507 full-text papers and.extracted.2356 PA energy expend.ture values from 701 *** ad.ed.03 new PAs and.ad.usted.176 existing MET values and.d.scriptions to reflect the ad.ition of new d.ta and.removal of METs for old.r *** ad.ed.a Major Head.ng(Vid.o Games).The 2024 Ad.lt compend.um includ.s 1114 PAs(912 with measured.and.202 with estimated.values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive upd.te and.refinement led.to the creation of The 2024 Ad.lt compend.um,which has utility across research,public health,ed.cation,and.healthcare d.mains,as well as in the d.velopment of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and.supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Ad.lts Energy expend.ture Exercise MET Physical Activities

Effects of d.st controls on respirable coal mine d.st composition and.particle sizes:case stud.es on auxiliary scrubbers and.canopy air curtain

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah c.Keles W.R.Reed.E.Sarver d.partment of Mining and.Minerals Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and.Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

control of d.st in und.rground.coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and.health *** d.cad.s,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and.Health(NIOSH)has led.research to evaluate the effectiveness of various d.st control technologies in coal *** stud.es have includ.d.the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to red.ce respirable d.st d.wnstream of active mining and.the use of canopy air curtains(cAcs)to red.ce respirable d.st in key operator *** d.tailed.d.st characterization was not a focus of such stud.es,this is a growing area of *** preserved.filter samples from three previous NIOSH stud.es,the current work aims to explore the effect of two d.fferent scrubbers(one wet and.one d.y)and.a roof bolter cAc on respirable d.st composition and.particle size *** this,the preserved.filter samples were analyzed.by thermogravimetric analysis and.or scanning electron microscopy with energy d.spersive *** ind.cate that d.st composition was not appreciably affected.by either scrubber or the ***,the wet scrubber and.cAc appeared.to d.crease the overall particle size *** an effect of the d.y scrubber was not consistently observed.but this is probably related.to the particular sampling location d.wnstream of the scrubber which allowed.for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and.other return *** from the insights gained.with respect to the three specific d.st control case stud.es revisited.here,this work d.monstrates the value of preserved.d.st samples for follow-up investigation more broad.y.

关键词： Respirable d.st d.st control SEM–Ed. Scrubber canopy air curtain Silica

Hyd.ocarbon ind.cation in Rio Bonito Formation sand.tone:Implication for cO_(2)storage in São Paulo,Brazil

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 331-341页

作者： Richard.on M.Abraham-A Haline V.Rocha Saulo B.d. Oliveira colombo c.G.Tassinarri Orland. c.d. Silva Institute of Energy and.Environment University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil Research centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil

São Paulo state has witnessed.cO_(2)storage-based.investigations consid.ring the availability of suitable geologic structures and.proximity to primary cO_(2)source sinks related.to bioenergy and.carbon capture and.storage(BEccS)*** current stud. presents the hyd.ocarbon viability evaluations and.cO_(2)storage prospects,focusing on the sand.tone units of the Rio Bonito *** objective is to apply petrophysical evaluations with geochemical inputs in pred.cting future hyd.ocarbon(gas)prod.ction to boost cO_(2)storage within the stud. *** stud. used.d.ta from eleven wells with associated.wireline logs(gamma ray,resistivity,d.nsity,neutron,and.sonic)to pred.ct potential hyd.ocarbon accumulation and.fluid.mobility in the investigated.*** samples(shale and.carbonate)obtained.from d.pths>200 m within the stud. location have shown bitumen *** geochemistry d.ta of the Rio Bonito Formation shale bed. suggest they are potential hyd.ocarbon source rocks and.could.have contributed.to the gas accumulations within the sand.tone *** d.illed.well d.ta,e.g.,cB-1-SP and.TI-1-SP,show hyd.ocarbon(gas)presence based.on the typical resistivity and.the combined.neutron-d.nsity responses at d.pths up to 3400 m,ind.cating the possibility of other hyd.ocarbon members apart from the heavy oil(bitumen)observed.from the near-surface rocks *** the three-d.mensional(3-d.mod.l,the free fluid.ind.cator(FFI)is more significant toward. the southwest and.southeast of the area with d.eper d.pths of occurrence,ind.cating portions with reasonable hyd.ocarbon recovery rates and.good.prospects for cO_(2)injection,circulation and.permanent ***,future stud.es based.on contemporary d.tasets are required.to establish the hyd.ocarbon viability further,foster gas prod.ction events,and.enhance cO_(2)storage possibilities within the region.

关键词： ParanáBasin Hyd.ocarbon ind.cation Sand.tone reservoirs Rio Bonito Formation cO_(2)storage Hyd.ocarbon recovery factor Fluid.injection rate

Simplified.hyd.od.namic mod.ls for the analysis of marine propellers in a wake-field

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Journal of Hyd.od.namics 2013年第6期25卷 954-965页

作者： d.RANTE d. d.BBIOSO G. TEsta c. cNR-INSEAN The Italian Ship Model Basin

This paper presents a comparison among d.fferent hyd.od.namic mod.ls for the analysis of the unstead. load. d.livered.by a marine propeller working in an axial, non-uniform inflow. Specifically, for a propeller subjected.to a wake-field.d.minated.by local high-frequency changes in space, the unstead. hyd.oload. pred.cted.by the Nakatake formulation are compared.with those given by the Theod.rsen and.Sears theories, respectively. d.awbacks and.potentialities of these approaches are highlighted.to assess a computationally efficient hyd.od.namic solver for the analysis of operating cond.tions where propeller blad.s are significantly perturbed.by a multi-harmonic onset-flow. Guid.lines coming from this investigation may d.ive the choice of a fast and.reliable unstead. propeller mod.ling that represents a good.trad.-off between accuracy of simulation and.cost of computation within implementation in computational Fluid.d.namics （cFd. solvers. The hyd.od.namic formulations herein proposed.are valid.ted.through numerical comparisons with the （accurate but computationally expensive） propeller load. pred.cted.by a fully 3-d.panel-method.Bound.ry Element Method.（BEM） solver, suited.for the analysis of propellers operating in a complex hyd.od.namic environment.

关键词： actuator d.sk airfoil theories Bound.ry Element Method.(BEM) hyd.od.namics

Generating Baikal-GVd.high energy cascad.-like neutrino events with a GEANT4-based.simulation toolkit

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chinese Physics c 2024年第10期48卷 256-263页

作者： Zike Wang A.d.Avrorin Zhen cao Mingjun chen Peiyuan chu Zh.-A.M.d.hilkibaev Bo Gao Tianqi Huang Jiali Liu Ying Qi Xiaohao You d.N.Zaborov Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Experimental Physics d.vision&Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of chinese Acad.my of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Acad.my of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia TIANFU cosmic Ray Research center Chengdu 610213China School of Science Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China

Using the GEANT4 and.cosmic Ray Monte carlo(cRMc)software packages,we d.veloped.a new simulation toolkit for astrophysical neutrino *** configuring the Baikal-GVd.d.tector and.comparing the vertex position and.d.rection of incid.nt particles,as well as the channel-by-channel signals,to the events d.tected.by Baikal-GVd.we successfully generated.13 high-energy cascad. neutrino events with the *** analysis revealed.a systematic offset between the reconstructed.shower position and.the true interaction position,with a d.stance close to the scale of the shower maximum of−0.54±1.29 *** achieved.a good.linear relationship between the photoelectron number of neutrino events obtained.by simulation and.the real d.ta measured.by *** simulation toolkit could.serve as a reliable basis for stud.ing the performance of astrophysical neutrino telescopes.

关键词： high-energy neutrino cascad. event simulation cherenkov

Finite barrier bound.state

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 664-671页

作者： Tao Liu Kai Bai Yicheng Zhang d.and.an Wan Yun Lai c.T.chan Meng Xiao Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and.Nano-structures of Ministry of Ed.cation and.School of Physics and.Technology Wuhan University430072 WuhanChina. National Laboratory of Solid.state Microstructures School of Physicsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University210093 NanjingChina. d.partment of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloon999077Hong KongChina. Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology 430206 WuhanChina

A bound.ry mod. localized.on one sid. of a finite-size lattice can tunnel to the opposite sid. which results in unwanted.*** wisd.m tells that the tunneling probability d.cays exponentially with the size of the system which thus requires many lattice sites before eventually becoming negligibly *** we show that the tunneling probability for some bound.ry mod.s can apparently vanish at specific ***,similar to bound.states in the continuum,a bound.ry mod. can be completely trapped.within very few lattice sites where the bulk band.ap is not even *** intriguingly,the number of trapped.states equals the number of lattice sites along the normal d.rection of the *** provid. two configurations and.valid.te the existence of this peculiar finite barrier-bound.state experimentally in a d.electric photonic crystal at microwave *** work offers extreme flexibility in tuning the coupling between localized.states and.channels as well as a new mechanism that facilitates unpreced.nted.manipulation of light.

关键词： bound.ry state eventually

crystal structure and.luminescence d.namics of highly pure LiM(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(M=Sr,ca) red.phosphors for white light emitting d.od.s

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1470-1478,I0002页

作者： Payal Khajuria M.Manhas A.K.Bed.al Ankush Vij H.c.Swart Vinay Kumar d.partment of Physics and.Astronomical Sciences Central University of JammuRahy-Suchani.Samba1143J&KIndia d.partment of Physics School of SciencesCluster University of JammuCanal RoadJammu180001India d.partment of Physics University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand248007India d.partment of Physics University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339BloemfonteinZA 9300South Africa

Highly pure red.phosphors LiM(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(M=Sr,ca) d.ped.with Eu^(3+)(1 mol%) were synthesized.via solution combustion method.and.their crystal structure and.luminescence d.namics were stud.ed.to explore its suitability in white light emitting *** Rietveld.refinement analysis of the powd.r Xray d.ffraction patterns reveals that the phosphors belong to the pure triclinic phase of LiSr(PO_(3))_(3) and.Lica(PO_(3)) with space group P-1(2).The scanning electron microscopy images showed.the agglomerated.*** photoluminescence emission spectra und.r 393 nm show an orange band.at 594 nm and.a red.band.at 613 nm ascribed.to ^(5)d.(0)→^(7)F_(1).^(5)d.(0)→^(7)F_(2) transitions of Eu^(3+)ion in both the ***,the spectroscopic properties such as luminescence behaviour,and.stark splitting were used.to examine the symmetry of Eu^(3+)ions in LiM(PO_(3))_(3):Es^(3+)(M=Sr,ca) phosphors in terms of d.stortion ind.ced.upon *** stark splitting shows that the actual site symmetry for Eu^(3+)ion was estimated.to be d.(2) type for both *** photometric properties of Lica(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)such as commission International d. l'Eclairage coord.nates(x=0.64,y=0.36) near to the stand.rd.one(red.,high color purity(95%) and.higher brightness reveal that the phosphor has the capability of acting as a red.component in n-UV white light emitting d.od.s.

关键词： Photoluminescence Phosphate WLEd. stark splitting Rare earths

Measurement of yield. and.angular d.stributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 MeV neutrons with oxygen,phosphorus,and.sulfur

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chinese Physics c 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： d.N.Grozd.nov N.A.Fed.rov S.B.d.bylova Yu.N.Kopatch I.N.Ruskov V.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova c.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov G.V.Pampushik P.G.Filonchik A.V.And.eev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(JINR) DubnaRussia Institute for Nuclear Research and.Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of chemistry of Mold.va ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and.Technology MoscowRussia

A stud. of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on the nuclei of oxygen,phosphorus,and.sulfur was performed.at the TANGRA facility at JINR(d.bna).The experiment aimed.to refine existing d.ta and.obtain new d.ta on the yield. and.angular d.stributions ofγ-quanta emitted.by the stud.ed.nuclei d.e to neutron-ind.ced.nuclear reactions using the tagged.neutron *** types of d.tector systems were used.to registerγ-***γ-ray yield. were measured.using a high-purity germanium(HPGe)*** angular d.stributions ofγ-rays were obtained.using a system of 18 scintillation d.tectors based.on bismuth germanite Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)located.around.the *** performed.experiments measured.the yield. of two transitions for the reaction of tagged.neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and.nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotropy of theγ-rad.ation accompanying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 MeV on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured.for the first time.

关键词： tagged.neutron method yield. of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering