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Anti-amyl.id.antibod.es in Al.heimer’s d.sease: what d.d.cl.nical.trial. teach us?

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： d.nko Jeremic l.d.a Jiménez-d.az Juan d.Navarro-l.pez NeuroPhysiol.gy&Behavior l.b University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Al.hough many causes of Al.heimer’s d.sease(Ad.may exist,both the original.amyl.id.cascad. and.tau hypotheses posit that abnormal.misfol.0}ng and.accumul.tion of amyl.id.β(Aβ)and.tau protein is the central.event causing the ***,that concl.sion coul.0}be onl. partl. true,and.there is confl.cting evid.nce about the rol. of both proteins in Ad.being abl. to preced. and.infl.ence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with al.ernative expl.nations proposed.Aβand.tau proteins may be ind.pend.ntl. invol.ed.in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial.processes going on in earl. ***,accumul.ting evid.nce suggests that Aβand.tau act synergistical.y,rather than ad.itivel. in d.sease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyl.id Al.heimer ad.itive

Process management : creating val.e al.ng the suppl. chain : text & cases / Joel.d. Wisner, l.nd. l. Stanl.y.

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Eval.ating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

2008年

作者： Joel.d. Wisner l.nd. l. Stanl.y.

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon d. CRYSTAl.Al.ison l. FOOTE d.partment of Psychol.gical.and.Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA d.partment of Psychol.gy University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been d.vid.d.into information monitoring and.control.processes. Monitoring invol.es knowing that you know or d. not know some information without taking corrective action. Control.invol.es taking corrective action based.on the knowl.d.e that you know or d. not know some information. In comparative metacognition, consid.rabl. attention has been paid.toward.critical.y assessing putative evid.nce for information monitoring in non-human animal.. However, l.ss attention has been paid.toward.critical.y eval.ating evid.nce for control.processes in animal.. We briefl. review a critique of information-monitoring in animal.. Next, we appl. these concepts to a number of stud.es that focus on information seeking in animal.. The main type of evid.nce for control.processes in animal. come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited.but is sometimes prevented.from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects l.ok more if baiting was not seen and.are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evid.nce for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simpl. al.ernative hypotheses that are sufficient to expl.in putative evid.nce for information seeking in animal. without positing metacognition. The al.ernative expl.nation focuses on two rel.tivel. simpl. principl.s： First, an animal.has a d.faul. ＂l.ok before you go＂ response which supersed.s rand.m searches in space. Second. spatial.y guid.d.behavior fol.ows a d.faul. rul. of ＂go where something good.is.＂ These principl.s can expl.in the resul.s of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zool.gy 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

Infl.ence of an External.d. El.ctric Current on Pl.sma Cl.aning Rate: an Appl.cation on the Enl.rged.Pl.sma-Surface Theor

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Pl.sma Science and.Technol.gy 2013年第5期15卷 448-454页

作者： Constantine l. XAPl.NTERIS El.ni d. FIl.PPAKI Pl.sma Physics l.b IMS NCSR "Demokritos" Hel.enic Mil.tary Acad.my

d.ring the l.st d.cad.s many researchers have been occupied.with other pl.sma appl.cations apart from the big chal.enge which the thermonucl.ar fusion poses. Many experiments have been carried.out on the pl.sma behavior in contact with a sol.d.surface; when the surface material.consists of chemical.compound. （e.g. oxid.s of metal.）, then the pl.sma chemistry takes pl.ce. The present paper contains the final.experimental.and.theoretical.work of Pl.sma l.boratory at ＂d.mokritos＂, which consists of an el.boration of pl.sma sheath parameters ad.pted.to experimental.cond.tions, a suitabl. choice of pl.sma gases （either H 2 or N 2 ）, and.an el.ctric po-tential.current enforcement on objects. Ad.itional.y, a brief theory is given to expl.in the resul.s, with a short reference to both bound.ry phenomena in thermonucl.ar reactors and.l.w pressure pl.sma of gl.w d.scharges, so as to reveal.the simil.rities and.d.fferences of these two cases. An extensive examination of the treated.objects by X-ray d.ffraction method.（XRd. gives resul.s in agreement with the theoretical.pred.ctions. Using this improvement on pl.sma restoration system, （a combination of el.ctric current on metal.ic object into suitabl. pl.sma）, it is shown that better resul.s can be achieved.on the cl.aning and.conservation of archaeol.gical.objects.

关键词： impurities pl.sma sheath parameters red.ction of surfaces external.poten-tial treatment rate

Knotting l.gand. to control.metal.coord.nation geometry

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 403-404页

作者： Fabien B.l.Cougnon d.partment of Chemistry and.Nanoscience Centre University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Zinc is a metal.of particul.r importance for l.fe[1].It is the most abund.nt transition metal.in biol.gical.systems after iron and.contributes both structural.and.catal.tic rol.s to many cel.ul.r *** properties of Zn^(Ⅱ),unl.ke those of any other first-row transition metal.ions,expl.in its biol.gical.*** to its fil.ed.d.shel. orbital.,Zn^(Ⅱ) is red.x-stabl.,has a l.gand.fiel.0}energy stabil.zation of zero and.consequentl.,no typical.coord.nation number and.*** metal.oproteins expl.it these features to carry a broad.range of chemical.reactions in mil.0}*** metal.oenzymes,unsaturated.ZnII centres often act as red.x-stabl. l.wis *** protein backbone provid.s a highl. preorganized.environment around.the metal.centre and.accompanies the changes in coord.nation geometry occurring as substrate transformation proceed.,thereby mod.l.ting the metal.reactivity.

关键词： coord.nation geometry centre

d.stribution of d.bris Fl.ws in Gl.cier National.Park,Montana,U.S.A.

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2008年第4期5卷 318-326页

作者： WIl.ERSON Forrest d. SCHMId.Ginger l. d.partment of Geography 7 Armstrong HallMinnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

The spectacul.r scenery of Gl.cier National.Park is the resul. of gl.cial.erosion as wel. as post-gl.cial.mass wasting processes. d.bris fl.w magnitud. and.frequency have been establ.shed.through extensive fiel.0}ork across seven separate d.ainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that d.bris fl.w d.stribution in the Gl.cier National.Park, east of the Continental.d.vid. is （a） not rand.m; and.Co） concentrated.ad.acent to the Continental.d.vid.. The l.cation of 2317 d.bris fl.ws were id.ntified.and.mapped.from sixty-three 1-m resol.tion d.gital.Orthophoto Quarter Quad.angl.s and.their spatial.d.stribution was then anal.zed.using ArcView Spatial.Anal.st GIS software. The GIS anal.sis showed.that the d.bris fl.ws are not rand.ml. d.stributed.nor are they concentrated.d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid.. Whil. the Continental.d.vid. provid.s orographic enhancement of precipitation d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., the d.bris fl.ws are not concentrated.there d.e to a l.ck of avail.bl. weathered.regol.th. The most recent l.ttl. Ice Age gl.ciation removed.the d.bris d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., and.without an ad.quate d.bris suppl., these steep sl.pes experience few d.bris fl.ws. Both abund.nt water and.an ad.quate d.bris suppl. are necessary to initiate sl.pe fail.re, resul.ing in a cl.stering of d.bris fl.ws at the break in sl.pe where val.ey wal.s contact tal.s sl.pes. A variety of summer storm and.anteced.nt moisture cond.tions initiate sl.pe fail.res in the Gl.cier National.Park, with no d.stinct meteorol.gical.threshol.0} With over two mil.ion visitorsevery year, and.mil.ions of d.l.ars of park infrastructure at risk, id.ntifying the hazard.of d.bris fl.ws is essential.to future park management pl.ns.

关键词： d.bris fl.ws remote sensing GIS Gl.cierNational.Park USA

Morphol.gy and.phyl.geny of two species of Bathypathes from the tropical.western Pacific,with d.scription of a new species

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Journal.of Oceanol.gy and.l.mnol.gy 2025年第1期43卷 248-260页

作者： Ting l. Zifeng ZHAN Kuid.ng XU l.boratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and.Phyl.geny Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and ConservationInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China l.boratory for Marine Biol.gy and.Biotechnol.gy Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Acad.my of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The bl.ck coral.genus Bathypathes Brook,1889 represents a rel.tivel. d.verse and.ecol.gical.y important assembl.ge comprising the d.ep-sea hard.substrate *** phyl.genetic investigations have reveal.d.the pol.phyl.tic nature of Bathypathes,urging further morphol.gical.anal.sis to und.rstand.its *** combing morphol.gical.and.mol.cul.r d.ta,we d.scribe Bathypathes mul.ifurcata *** report *** Mol.d.sova,Opresko&Wagner,2022based.on the specimens col.ected.from the tropical.western *** phyl.genetic topol.gy reconstructed.using nucl.ar ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and.three mitochond.ial.fragments suggests the separation of Bathypathes into four *** anal.sis of morphol.gical.characters,particul.rl. the col.ny branch and.pinnul. patterns al.o roughl. cl.ssify Bathypathes into four morphol.gical.groups A–*** A is characterized.by the unbranched.col.ny and.the subopposite arrangement of *** contrast to Group A,Groups B–d.have the al.ernatel. arranged.*** these,Group C exhibits a d.stinctl. l.ng unpinnul.ted.stem compared.to Groups B and.*** B has unbranched.col.ny,rel.tivel. short unpinnul.ted.stem,and.spines on pinnul.s have bl.nt *** Group d.l.rge col.nies(higher than 40 cm)have one or a few branches,smal. col.nies(l.ss than 40 cm)are unbranched.and.spines on pinnul.s have acute *** d.ta particul.rl. those species without sequences are necessary to verify the cl.ssification of these groups.

关键词： Antipatharia bl.ck coral taxonomy phyl.geny seamount western Pacific

Are urbanization, biotic and.social.factors associated.with the song frequency and.song entropy attributes of three urban syntopic passerines?

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Avian Research 2025年第01期 96-109页

作者： Xhareni d.az-l.zama Al.jand.o Ariel.Ríos-Chel.n Jorge Castel.anos-Al.ores Paul. l.Enríquez Programa d. Posgrad. en Ciencias en Recursos Natural.s y d.sarrol.o Rural El Colegio de la Frontera Sur.Carr.Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n Barrio Ma.Auxiliadora Centro Tl.xcal. d. Biol.gía d. l. Cond.cta Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala d.partamento Conservación d. l. Biod.versid.d El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Carr.Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n Barrio Ma.Auxiliadora

Urban environments have chal.enging characteristics for bird.acoustic communication. High l.vel. of anthropogenic noise, as wel. as vegetation structure(e.g., in urban parks), can potential.y affect the song frequency characteristics of several.bird.species. An ad.itional.factor such as the abund.nce of conspecific and.heterospecific vocal.zing bird. may pl.y an important rol. in d.termining the structure of bird.songs. In this stud., we anal.zed.whether noise l.vel., vegetation percentage, and.abund.nce of conspecifics and.heterospecifics infl.ence the song characteristics of three syntopic songbird.species: House Finch(Haemorhous mexicanus), Rufouscol.ared.Sparrow(Zonotrichia capensis), and.House Sparrow(Passer d.mesticus) l.ving in urban sites. We record.d.songs of these species and.measured.the peak frequency and.entropy of their songs at 14 sites in the city of San Cristobal.d. l.s Casas, Chiapas, Mexico. We found.that the song peak frequency of House Finch and.House Sparrow's songs was negativel. rel.ted.to the vegetation. The peak frequency of neither of the three species correl.ted.with the average noise l.vel. However, the abund.nces of conspecific and.heterospecific were rel.ted.to the peak frequency of the three species' songs. The entropy of the House Finch and.House Sparrow songs was positivel. and.negativel. rel.ted. respectivel., to noise l.vel.. House Sparrow song entropy was negativel. rel.ted.to the percentage of vegetation. Song entropy of House Finches was negativel. associated.to conspecific and.House Sparrow abund.nce. Song entropy of Rufous-col.ared.Sparrows was positivel. rel.ted.to conspecific abund.nce. In concl.sion, the song peak frequency and.song entropy of the three songbird.species were d.fferential.y rel.ted.to urban noise, vegetation, and.conspecific and.heterospecific abund.nce, suggesting these factors infl.ence bird.song characteristics.

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Acetaminophen and.zinc phosphid. for l.thal.management of invasive l.zard. Ctenosaura simil.s

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 625-629页

作者： Michael.l. AVERY John d. EISEMANN Kand. l. KEACHER Peter J. SAVARIE United.States d.partment of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field Station 2820 East University Avenue Gainesville FL 32641 USA United.States d.partment of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Ft. Collins CO 80225 USA

Red.cing popul.tions of invasive l.zard. through trapping and.shooting is feasibl. in many cases but effective inte-grated.management rel.es on a variety of tool., incl.d.ng toxicants. In Fl.rid., using wil.0}caught non-native bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguanas Ctenosaura simil.s, we screened.acetaminophen and.zinc phosphid. to d.termine their suitabil.ty for effective popul.tion management of this prol.fic invasive species. Of the animal. that received.acetaminophen, none d.ed.except at the highest test d.se, 240 mg per l.zard. which is not practical.for fiel.0}use. Zinc phosphid. prod.ced.100% mortal.ty at d.se l.vel. as l.ttl. as 25 mg per l.zard. equival.nt to about 0.5% in bait which is l.wer than currentl. used.in commercial.baits for commensal.rod.nt con-trol. We concl.d. that zinc phosphid. has potential.as a useful.tool.for red.cing popul.tions of invasive l.zard. such as the bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguana provid.d.target-sel.ctive d.l.very method. are d.vel.ped.[Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 625~529, 2011].

关键词： Acetaminophen Bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguana Ctenosaura simil.s Fl.rid. Invasive Zinc phosphid.