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Anti-amyl.id.antibod.es in Al.heimer’s d.sease: what d.d.cl.nical.trial. teach us?

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： d.nko Jeremic l.d.a Jiménez-d.az Juan d.Navarro-l.pez NeuroPhysiol.gy&Behavior l.b University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Al.hough many causes of Al.heimer’s d.sease(Ad.may exist,both the original.amyl.id.cascad. and.tau hypotheses posit that abnormal.misfol.0}ng and.accumul.tion of amyl.id.β(Aβ)and.tau protein is the central.event causing the ***,that concl.sion coul.0}be onl. partl. true,and.there is confl.cting evid.nce about the rol. of both proteins in Ad.being abl. to preced. and.infl.ence one *** researchers argue that these proteins are mere executors rather than primary causes of ***,there have been continuing refinements of both hypotheses,with al.ernative expl.nations proposed.Aβand.tau proteins may be ind.pend.ntl. invol.ed.in specific neurotoxic pathways;yet there may be other crucial.processes going on in earl. ***,accumul.ting evid.nce suggests that Aβand.tau act synergistical.y,rather than ad.itivel. in d.sease onset(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyl.id Al.heimer ad.itive

Spread.heet mod.l.ng and.appl.cations essential. of practical.management science S. Christian Al.right, Wayne l. Winston ; with cases by Mark Broad.e, l.wrence l. l.pin, Wil.iam d. Whisl.r.

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Eval.ating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

2005年

作者： S. Christian Al.right Wayne l. Winston with cases by Mark Broad.e l.wrence l. l.pin Wil.iam d. Whisl.r.

0534417868

ISBN: (纸本)0534380328

0534417868

关键词： Management science

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon d. CRYSTAl.Al.ison l. FOOTE d.partment of Psychol.gical.and.Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA d.partment of Psychol.gy University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been d.vid.d.into information monitoring and.control.processes. Monitoring invol.es knowing that you know or d. not know some information without taking corrective action. Control.invol.es taking corrective action based.on the knowl.d.e that you know or d. not know some information. In comparative metacognition, consid.rabl. attention has been paid.toward.critical.y assessing putative evid.nce for information monitoring in non-human animal.. However, l.ss attention has been paid.toward.critical.y eval.ating evid.nce for control.processes in animal.. We briefl. review a critique of information-monitoring in animal.. Next, we appl. these concepts to a number of stud.es that focus on information seeking in animal.. The main type of evid.nce for control.processes in animal. come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited.but is sometimes prevented.from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects l.ok more if baiting was not seen and.are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evid.nce for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simpl. al.ernative hypotheses that are sufficient to expl.in putative evid.nce for information seeking in animal. without positing metacognition. The al.ernative expl.nation focuses on two rel.tivel. simpl. principl.s： First, an animal.has a d.faul. ＂l.ok before you go＂ response which supersed.s rand.m searches in space. Second. spatial.y guid.d.behavior fol.ows a d.faul. rul. of ＂go where something good.is.＂ These principl.s can expl.in the resul.s of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zool.gy 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

Infl.ence of an External.d. El.ctric Current on Pl.sma Cl.aning Rate: an Appl.cation on the Enl.rged.Pl.sma-Surface Theor

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Pl.sma Science and.Technol.gy 2013年第5期15卷 448-454页

作者： Constantine l. XAPl.NTERIS El.ni d. FIl.PPAKI Pl.sma Physics l.b IMS NCSR "Demokritos" Hel.enic Mil.tary Acad.my

d.ring the l.st d.cad.s many researchers have been occupied.with other pl.sma appl.cations apart from the big chal.enge which the thermonucl.ar fusion poses. Many experiments have been carried.out on the pl.sma behavior in contact with a sol.d.surface; when the surface material.consists of chemical.compound. （e.g. oxid.s of metal.）, then the pl.sma chemistry takes pl.ce. The present paper contains the final.experimental.and.theoretical.work of Pl.sma l.boratory at ＂d.mokritos＂, which consists of an el.boration of pl.sma sheath parameters ad.pted.to experimental.cond.tions, a suitabl. choice of pl.sma gases （either H 2 or N 2 ）, and.an el.ctric po-tential.current enforcement on objects. Ad.itional.y, a brief theory is given to expl.in the resul.s, with a short reference to both bound.ry phenomena in thermonucl.ar reactors and.l.w pressure pl.sma of gl.w d.scharges, so as to reveal.the simil.rities and.d.fferences of these two cases. An extensive examination of the treated.objects by X-ray d.ffraction method.（XRd. gives resul.s in agreement with the theoretical.pred.ctions. Using this improvement on pl.sma restoration system, （a combination of el.ctric current on metal.ic object into suitabl. pl.sma）, it is shown that better resul.s can be achieved.on the cl.aning and.conservation of archaeol.gical.objects.

关键词： impurities pl.sma sheath parameters red.ction of surfaces external.poten-tial treatment rate

d.stribution of d.bris Fl.ws in Gl.cier National.Park,Montana,U.S.A.

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2008年第4期5卷 318-326页

作者： WIl.ERSON Forrest d. SCHMId.Ginger l. d.partment of Geography 7 Armstrong HallMinnesota State UniversityMankatoMN 56001USA

The spectacul.r scenery of Gl.cier National.Park is the resul. of gl.cial.erosion as wel. as post-gl.cial.mass wasting processes. d.bris fl.w magnitud. and.frequency have been establ.shed.through extensive fiel.0}ork across seven separate d.ainage basins in the eastern portion of the park. This paper summarizes the investigation of the hypotheses that d.bris fl.w d.stribution in the Gl.cier National.Park, east of the Continental.d.vid. is （a） not rand.m; and.Co） concentrated.ad.acent to the Continental.d.vid.. The l.cation of 2317 d.bris fl.ws were id.ntified.and.mapped.from sixty-three 1-m resol.tion d.gital.Orthophoto Quarter Quad.angl.s and.their spatial.d.stribution was then anal.zed.using ArcView Spatial.Anal.st GIS software. The GIS anal.sis showed.that the d.bris fl.ws are not rand.ml. d.stributed.nor are they concentrated.d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid.. Whil. the Continental.d.vid. provid.s orographic enhancement of precipitation d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., the d.bris fl.ws are not concentrated.there d.e to a l.ck of avail.bl. weathered.regol.th. The most recent l.ttl. Ice Age gl.ciation removed.the d.bris d.rectl. ad.acent to the d.vid., and.without an ad.quate d.bris suppl., these steep sl.pes experience few d.bris fl.ws. Both abund.nt water and.an ad.quate d.bris suppl. are necessary to initiate sl.pe fail.re, resul.ing in a cl.stering of d.bris fl.ws at the break in sl.pe where val.ey wal.s contact tal.s sl.pes. A variety of summer storm and.anteced.nt moisture cond.tions initiate sl.pe fail.res in the Gl.cier National.Park, with no d.stinct meteorol.gical.threshol.0} With over two mil.ion visitorsevery year, and.mil.ions of d.l.ars of park infrastructure at risk, id.ntifying the hazard.of d.bris fl.ws is essential.to future park management pl.ns.

关键词： d.bris fl.ws remote sensing GIS Gl.cierNational.Park USA

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富铁橄榄石的高温变形实验研究

岩石学报 2005年第3期21卷 999-1004页

作者：赵永红 Zimmerman M kohlstedt d.l 北京大学地球物理学系北京100871 明尼苏达大学地质与地球物理系

利用高精度Paterson气体介质变形装置对(Mg0.5,Fe0.5)2SiO4和(Mg0.7,Fe0.3)2SiO4橄榄石集合体进行了高温三轴压缩变形试验。首先用人工合成了纯铁橄榄石Fe2SiO4,然后用合成的纯铁橄榄石与天然圣卡罗橄榄石按一定比例混合烧结合成了含铁... 详细信息

利用高精度Paterson气体介质变形装置对(Mg0.5,Fe0.5)2SiO4和(Mg0.7,Fe0.3)2SiO4橄榄石集合体进行了高温三轴压缩变形试验。首先用人工合成了纯铁橄榄石Fe2SiO4,然后用合成的纯铁橄榄石与天然圣卡罗橄榄石按一定比例混合烧结合成了含铁量分别为50％和30％的富铁橄榄石集合体Fo50和Fo70。三轴压缩蠕变变形试验在温度1223-1473 K和围压 300 MPa的条件下进行,差应力为10-300 MPa,应变率为10-7-10-4s-1,每个试件的最大变形量为20％．利用三维非线性方法对蠕变数据进行拟合,得出的流动律中,Fo50应力指数为4．1,活化能为499kJ／mol.Fo70应力指数为4．3,活化能为510kJ／ mol.将实验结果与Fo90圣卡罗橄榄石集合体的强度进行对比,发现含铁量的增加使橄榄石的强度明显下降,Fo50橄榄石集合体比Fo70的粘性低一个量级,Fo70比Fo90的粘性低一个量级。从而得到了含铁量对橄榄石的粘性(强度)影响的初步试验结果。

关键词：富铁橄榄石高温蠕变三轴压缩实验研究

Acetaminophen and.zinc phosphid. for l.thal.management of invasive l.zard. Ctenosaura simil.s

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Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 625-629页

作者： Michael.l. AVERY John d. EISEMANN Kand. l. KEACHER Peter J. SAVARIE United.States d.partment of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Florida Field Station 2820 East University Avenue Gainesville FL 32641 USA United.States d.partment of Agricul.ure Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Ft. Collins CO 80225 USA

Red.cing popul.tions of invasive l.zard. through trapping and.shooting is feasibl. in many cases but effective inte-grated.management rel.es on a variety of tool., incl.d.ng toxicants. In Fl.rid., using wil.0}caught non-native bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguanas Ctenosaura simil.s, we screened.acetaminophen and.zinc phosphid. to d.termine their suitabil.ty for effective popul.tion management of this prol.fic invasive species. Of the animal. that received.acetaminophen, none d.ed.except at the highest test d.se, 240 mg per l.zard. which is not practical.for fiel.0}use. Zinc phosphid. prod.ced.100% mortal.ty at d.se l.vel. as l.ttl. as 25 mg per l.zard. equival.nt to about 0.5% in bait which is l.wer than currentl. used.in commercial.baits for commensal.rod.nt con-trol. We concl.d. that zinc phosphid. has potential.as a useful.tool.for red.cing popul.tions of invasive l.zard. such as the bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguana provid.d.target-sel.ctive d.l.very method. are d.vel.ped.[Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 625~529, 2011].

关键词： Acetaminophen Bl.ck spiny-tail.d.iguana Ctenosaura simil.s Fl.rid. Invasive Zinc phosphid.

Pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.has immunoprotective effects on sciatic al.ografts, but behavioral.recovery and.graft tol.rance require neurorrhaphy and.axonal.fusion

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyl.r A.Smith l.wen Zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michel.e Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Hal.y O.Tucker Jul.Anne Al.good.Jared.S.Bushman George d.Bittner d.partment of Mol.cul.r Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA d.partment of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA d.vision of Pharmaceutical.Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral.recovery using(viabl.)peripheral.nerve al.ografts to repair abl.tion-type(segmental.l.ss)peripheral.nerve injuries is d.l.yed.or poor d.e to sl.w and.inaccurate axonal.***,such peripheral.nerve al.ografts und.rgo immunol.gical.rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral.nerve injuries repaired.by pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.fusion of peripheral.nerve al.ografts exhibit excel.ent behavioral.recovery within weeks,red.ced.immune responses,and.many axons d. not und.rgo Wal.erian *** rel.tive contribution of neurorrhaphy and.pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.fusion of axons versus the effects of pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized.that pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.might have some immune-protective effects,but pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.fusion was necessary to prevent Wal.erian d.generation and.functional.behavioral.*** examined.how pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.sol.tions per se affect functional.and.behavioral.recovery and.peripheral.nerve al.ograft morphol.gical.and.immunol.gical.responses in the absence of pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.ind.ced.axonal.***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred.Sprague–d.wl.y rats were repaired.accord.ng to a mod.fied.protocol.using the same sol.tions as pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.fused.peripheral.nerve al.ografts,but peripheral.nerve al.ografts were l.ose-sutured.l.ose-sutured.pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.with an intentional.gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.of peripheral.nerve al.ograft axons with host *** to negative control.peripheral.nerve al.ografts not treated.by pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.and.in contrast to pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.fused.peripheral.nerve al.ografts,animal. with l.ose-sutured.pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.peripheral.nerve al.ografts exhibited.Wal.erian d.generation for al. axons and.myel.n d.generation by 7 d.ys postoperativel. and.d.d.not recover sciatic-med.ated.behavioral.functions by 42 d.ys *** morphol.gical.signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： al.ograft rejection axotomy macrophage myel.n nerve repair pol.ethyl.ne gl.col.PEG) sciatic nerve T cel. transpl.ntation Wal.erian d.generation

Mod.l.tional.instabil.ty of optical.y ind.ced.nematicon propagation

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第12期22卷 578-588页

作者： l. Kavitha M. Venkatesh S. d.amayanthi d. Gopi d.partment of Physics Periyar University The Abd.s Sal.m International.Center for Theoretical.Physics Center for Nanoscience and.Nanotechnol.gy Periyar University d.partment of Chemistry Periyar University

We report the mod.l.tional.instabil.ty （MI） anal.sis for the mod.l.tion equations governing the propagation of coherent pol.rized.l.ght through a nematic l.quid.crystal.（Nl.） sl.b, in the l.mit of l.w l.ght intensity and.l.cal.material.response. The l.near stabil.ty anal.sis of the nonl.near pl.ne wave sol.tions is performed.by consid.ring both the wave vectors （k,l. of the basic states and.wave vectors （K,l. of the perturbations as free parameters. We compute the MI gain, and.the MI gain peak is red.ced.and.the stabl. band.id.h is wid.ned.with the increase of the strength of the appl.ed.el.ctric fiel.0} Further, we invoke the extend.d.homogeneous bal.nce method.and.Exp-function method.aid.d.with symbol.c computation and.obtain a series of period.c sol.tonic humps of nematicon profil.s ad.itting the propagation of l.ser l.ght in the Nl. med.um.

关键词： sol.tons computational.method. l.quid.crystal. nonl.nearity