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Synthetic Seed.Preparation, Germination and.Plantlet Regeneration of Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 1395-1406页

作者： d. k. das A. Rahman d.pti k.mari Nutan k.mari Post Grad.ate d.partment of Biotechnology T.M. Bhagalpur University Bhagalpur India

Litchi chinensis sonn.) rank. second.after mango amongst the most important fruit crops cultivated.world.id.. Litchi is a very valuable crop throughout the world.because it is a table fruit and.wines are also prod.ced.from it. The existing cultivars are highly polyploid. and.heterozygous in nature. It is propagated.through air layering and.marcottage method. and.storability is very low. Synthetic seed. can be stored.for a long time and.its genetic constitution could.remain the same. For germplasm maintenance and.clonal propagation, synthetic seed. can be used. Somatic embryogenesis has been reported.from anther or embryogenic suspension culture in various species of litchi. Regeneration via organogenesis and.somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos has also been reported.in certain species. d.veloping a method.logy for getting somatic embryogenesis with a high frequency from zygotic embryos which is available once in a year, would.be particularly useful for genetic improvement of litchi. Cotyled.nary stage somatic embryos d.veloped.from zygotic embryos were encapsulated.in 2% alginate gel. The encapsulated.somatic embryos (ESEs) germinated.successfully on 0.7% agar med.um containing 3% sucrose concentration in NN basal med.um (half strength of major and.minor salts) with 1 mg&mid.ot;l-1 of gibbrellic acid. Percentage germination and.plantlet d.velopment for ESEs was higher than that of non encapsulated.embryos (NSEs). In comparison to d.fferent hormones, gibberellic acid.has a significant influence on the germination rate of ESEs after one week.of d.hyd.ation was seen maximum at 9% sucrose and.abscisic acid.(1 mg&mid.ot;l-1) in half strength of major and.minor salts in Nitsch and.Nitsch med.um resulting in extend.d.storage up to 90 d.ys without loss in germination potential and.capability to regenerate into plantlets. Normally d.veloped.plantlets regenerated.from ESEs were successfully ad.pted.to soil to obtain a full grown plant.

关键词： Encapsulation Germination Plantlet Regeneration Somatic Embryos

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TnphoA and.Its Use in Transposon Mutagenesis

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Ad.ances in Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 15-19页

作者： d. k. das E. W. Nester d.partment of Microbiology School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle USA Post Grad.ate d.partment of Biotechnology T. M. Bhagalpur University Bhagalpur India

TnphoA construct was d.rived.from the transposon Tn5, which contained.a k.namycin resistance gene flank.d.by two IS50 elements. This construct contains a version of the alk.line phosphatase gene with its signal sequence and.promoter d.leted. which will result in a blue colony phenotype on X-phos (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-ind.lyl phosphate toluid.ne salt) containing med.a when secreted.into the periplasm. This secretion can occur only if the TnphoA has been inserted.into a gene with a signal sequence which d.rects that gene-prod.ct to leave the cytosol. Ad.itionally, the transposon must be inserted.into the correct orientation and.the same read.ng frame as the gene has been inserted.into. TnphoA’s transposition activity d.rives from that of this Tn5 transposon by a conservative mechanism in a relatively rare but highly regulated.process. The phoA portion of the TnphoA construct came from Escherichia coli k.2 where it cod.d.for the periplasmic protein alk.line phosphatase. This enzyme must be secreted.from the cytoplasm in ord.r to d.monstrate activity and.its secretion is d.termined.by the presence of a signal sequence at its amino-terminal end. TnphoA mutagenesis is the id.ntification of new genes that cod. for transmembrane or secreted.proteins. TnphoA is an extremely useful construct, which along with other d.rivatives of the transposon Tn5 is used.extensively in transposon mutagenesis based.genetic analysis. TnphoA will ensure its continued.significance and.prominence in the area of transposon mutagenesis. TnphoA has been used.to isolate new chromosomal genes, whose prod.cts are secreted. as in the case of some virulence genes in Agrobacterium tumefaciens and.symbiotic genes in Rhizobium meliloti.

关键词： TnphoA Mutagenesis Agrobacterium tumefaciens Transposition Transmembrane Proteins Fusion Proteins Tranposase Protein

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钐-钻行波管磁铁的性能

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真空电子技术 1972年第5期 30-34页

作者： d. k. das W. J. Harrold

由于高能积的钐一钴磁铁的发展,行波管用的环形钐一钴磁铁在雷声公司制造成功。非常希望知道磁滞回线测量和在行波管环形磁铁构成的周期永久磁铁堆上做的函数测量之间的直接关系。研制了能够直接测量环形磁铁的B-H曲线的振动样品磁强计... 详细信息

由于高能积的钐一钴磁铁的发展,行波管用的环形钐一钴磁铁在雷声公司制造成功。非常希望知道磁滞回线测量和在行波管环形磁铁构成的周期永久磁铁堆上做的函数测量之间的直接关系。研制了能够直接测量环形磁铁的B-H曲线的振动样品磁强计。在麻省理工学院（MLT.）的国家磁铁实验室提供了做这些测量所必需的100千奥斯特的磁场。本文介绍了测得的（B-H）数值和在周期永久磁铁堆中测得的数值的相互关系。通常在行波管工作环境所要求的温度下对周期永久磁铁堆进行稳定化热处理,内禀最大磁能积（4πMH）max越大,在周期永久磁铁阵列中测得的轴向磁场越高。

关键词：磁铁磁场实验室电磁场栅控微波管行波管振动样品磁强计

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Enhanced.strength in novel nanocomposites prepared.by reinforcing graphene in red.soil and.fly ash brick.

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and.Materials 2019年第10期26卷 1322-1328页

作者： Jit Sark.r d.k.das d.partment of Metallurgical and.Materials Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302West BengalIndia d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004JharkhandIndia

Low-d.mensional nanomaterials such as graphene can be used.as a reinforcing agent in build.ng materials to enhance the strength and.d.rability. Common build.ng materials burnt red.soil brick. and.fly ash brick. were reinforced.with various amounts of graphene, and.the effect of graphene on the strength of these newly d.veloped.nanocomposites was stud.ed. The fly ash brick.nanocomposite samples were cured.as per their stand.rd.curing time, and.the burnt red.soil brick.nanocomposite samples were merely d.ied.in the sun instead.of being subjected.to the trad.tional heat treatment for d.ys to achieve sufficient strength. The water absorption ability of the fly ash brick. was also d.scussed. The compressive strength of all of the graphene-reinforced.nanocomposite samples was tested. along with that of some stand.rd.(without graphene) composite samples with the same d.mensions, to evaluate the effects of the ad.ition of various amounts of graphene on the compressive strength of the brick..

关键词： graphene burnt red soil brick fly ash brick nanocomposites compressive strength

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Einstein Energy-Momentum Complex for a Phantom Black.Hole Metric

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Chinese Physics Letters 2015年第2期32卷 19-22页

作者： P. k. Sahoo k. L. Mahanta d. Goit A. k. Sinha S. S. Xulu U. R. das A. Prasad.R. Prasad d.partment of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus Hyderabad 500078 India d.partment of Mathematics C. V. Raman College of Engineering Bhubaneswar 752054 India d.partment of Physics B.S. College Patna 800012 India d.partment of Physics College of Commerce Patna 800020 India d.partment of Computer Science University of Zululand Kwa-Dlangezwa 3886 South Africa d.partment of Physics D.N. College Patna 804452 India d.partment of Physics L.S. College Muzaffarpur 842001 India

We calculate the energy d.stribution associated.with a static spherically symmetric non-singular phantom black.hole metric in Einstein＇s prescription in general relativity. As required.for the Einstein energy-momentum complex, we perform the calculations in quasi-Cartesian coord.nates. We also calculate the momentum components and.obtain a zero value, as expected.from the geometry of the metric.

关键词： Einstein Energy-Momentum Complex for a Phantom Black.Hole Metric FRW

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Targeted.yield.concept and.a framework.of fertilizer recommend.tion in irrigated.rice d.mains of subtropical Ind.a

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomed.cine & Biotechnology) 2006年第12期7卷 963-968页

作者： BERA R. SEAL A. BHATTACHARYYA P. das T.H. SARk.R d. k.NGJOO k. National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land.Use Planning Indian Council of Agricultural Research Salt Lake Kolkata-700091 West Bengal India West Bengal State Council of Science & Technology Bikash Bhawan Salt Lake Kolkata-700091 West Bengal India Brain Korea 21 Century Advanced Geo-Environmental Research Team School of Environmental Engineering Kunsan National University Kunsan Jeonbuk 573-701 South Korea Brain k.rea 21 Century Ad.anced.Geo-Environmental Research Team School of Environmental Engineering Kunsan National University Kunsan Jeonbuk 573-701 South Korea

Soil test crop response （STCR） correlation stud.es were carried.out in Vind.yan alluvial plain d.ring 2001 to 2004 tak.ng IR-36 as test crop to quantify rice prod.ction in the context of the variability of soil properties and.use of balanced.fertilizers based.on targeted.yield.concept. The soils were d.veloped.on gently sloping alluvial plain with d.fferent physiographic settings and.notable variation in d.ainage cond.tion. Soil properties show mod.rate variation in texture （loamy to clay）, organic carbon content （4.4 to 9.8 g/k.）, cation exchange capacity （10,2 to 22.4 cmol （p＋）/k.） and.pH （5.3 to 6,4）, Soil fertility status for N is low to med.um （224 to 348 k./ha）, P is med.um to high （87 to 320 k./ha） and.k.ranges from med.um to high （158 to 678 k./ha）. d.tabase regard.ng nutrient requirement in k./t of grain prod.ce （NR）, the percent contribution from the soil available nutrients [CS （%）] and.the percent contribution from the applied.fertilizer nutrients [CF （%）] were computed.for calibrating and.fbrmulating fertilizer recommend.tions. Valid.ty of the yield.target for 7 and.8 t/ha was tested.in farmers＇ field. and.yield. targets varied.at less than 10%. The percent achievement of targets aimed.at d.fferent level was more than 90%, ind.cating soil test based.fertilizer recommend.tion approach was economically viable within the agro-ecological zone with relatively uniform cropping practices and.socio-economic cond.tions.

关键词： Alluvial soil Nutrient requirements Yield.target Pad.y

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Fabrication of cost effective iron ore slime ceramic membrane for the recovery of organic solvent used.in cok. prod.ction

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 226-234页

作者： V. Singh N. k. Meena A. k. Gold.r C. das d.partment of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute ofTechnology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India

Improvement of cok.ng properties of sub-bituminous coal （A） and.bituminous coal （B） was d.ne using blend.d.organic solvents, namely, n-methyl-2-pyrrolid.none （NMP） and.ethylened.amine （Ed.）. Various solvent blend. were employed.for the coal extraction und.r the total reflux cond.tion. A low-cost ceramic membrane was fabricated.using ind.strial waste iron ore slime of M/s TATA steel R＆d. Jamshed.ur （Ind.a） to separate out the d.ssolved.cok.ng fraction from the solvent-coal mixture. Membrane separations were carried.out in a batch cell, and.around.75 % recovered.NMP was reused. The fractionated.coal properties were d.termined.using proximate and.ultimate analyses. In the case of bituminous coal, the ash and.sulfur contents were d.creased.by 99.3 % and.79.2 %, respectively, whereas, the carbon content was increased.by 23.9 % in the separated.coal fraction. Three d.fferent cleaning agents, namely d.ionized.water, sod.um d.d.cyl sulphate and.NMP were used.to regain the original membrane permeability for the reusing.

关键词： Iron ore slime Solvent recovery Proximate analysis Ultimate analysis Membrane cleaning

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Performance evaluation of a d.esel engine by using prod.cer gas from some und.r-utilized.biomass on d.al-fuel mod. of d.esel cum prod.cer gas

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第6期19卷 1583-1589页

作者： d.k.das S.P.dash M.k.Ghosal d.partment of Farm Machinery and.Power College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyOrissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyBhubnaneswar-751003OrissaIndia d.partment of Water Resources Orissa Lift irrigation CorporationGovernment of OrissaIndia

Prod.cer gas through gasification of biomass can be used.as an alternate fuel in rural areas d.e to high potential of biomass resources in *** were cond.cted.to stud. the performance of a d.esel engine(four strok.,single cylind.r,5.25 k.) with respect to its thermal efficiency,specific fuel consumption and.d.esel substitution by use of d.esel alone and.prod.cer gas-cum-d.esel(d.al fuel mod.).Three types of biomass,*** chips,pigeon pea stalk. and.corn cobs were used.for generation of prod.cer gas.A prod.cer gas system consisting of a d.wnd.aft gasifier,a cooling cum cleaning unit,a filtering unit and.a gas air mixing d.vice was d.signed.fabricated.and.used.to power a 5.25 k. d.esel engine on d.al fuel *** of the engine was reported.by k.eping biomass moisture contents as 8%,12%,16%,and.21%,engine speed.as 1 600 r/min and.with variable engine *** average value of thermal efficiency on d.al fuel mod. was found.slightly lower than that of d.esel *** specific d.esel consumption was found.to be 60%-64% less in d.al fuel mod. than that in d.esel mod. for the same amount of energy *** average d.esel substitution of 74% was observed.with wood.chips followed.by corn cobs(78%) and.pigeon pea stalk.(82%).Based.on the performance stud.ed.the prod.cer gas may be used.as a substitute or as supplementary fuel for d.esel conservation,particularly for stationary engines in agricultural operations in the farm.

关键词： biomass gasification prod.cer gas d.wnd.aft gasifier d.esel engine

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Balanced.nitrogen economy as a flexible strategy on yield.stabilizing and.quality of aquatic food.crops in wetland.ecosystem

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 980-987页

作者： A.M.Puste P.k.Sark.r d.k.das d.partment of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (Agricultural University) Mohanpur-741 252NadiaWest BengalIndia d.partment of Agricultural Chemistry and.Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (Agricultural University) Mohanpur-741 252NadiaWest BengalIndia

In wetland.ecosystem, nitrogen along with other elements and.its management is most imperative for the prod.ction of so many aquatic food. non-food.and.beneficial med.cinal plants and.for the improvement of soil and.water characteristics. With great significant importance of INM (integrated.nutrient management) as sources, emphasizing on management on nitrogen as a k.y element and.its d.vergence, a case stud. was und.rtak.n on such aquatic food.crops (starch and.protein-rich, most popular and.remunerative) in the farmers' field.of low-lying 'Tal' situation of New Alluvial Zone of Ind.an subtropics. The stud. was d.signed.in factorial rand.mized.block.d.sign, where, three important aquatic food.crops (water chestnut (Trapa bispinosa Roxb.), mak.ana (Euryale ferox Salisb.) and.water lily (Nymphaea spp.) as major factor and.eleven combinations of organic and.inorganic sources of nutrients as sub-factor was consid.red.in the experiment. It revealed.from the results that the prod.ction of fresh k.rnels or nuts of water chestnut (8.571 ha-1), matured.nut yield.of mak.ana (3.06 t ha-1) and.flower stalk. of water-lily as vegetables (6.38 t ha-1) includ.ng its nutritional quality (starch, protein, sugar and.minerals) was remark.bly influenced.with the application of both organic (neem oilcak. @ 0.2 t ha-1) and.inorganic sources (NPk.@ 30:20:20 k. ha-1 along with spraying of NPk.@ 0.5% each over crop canopy at 20 d.ys interval after transplanting) than the other INM combinations applied.to the crops. Among the crops, highest WCYE (water chestnut yield.equivalence) exhibited.in mak.ana d.e to its high price of popped.form in the country, which is being exported.to other countries at now. Sole application of both (organic and.inorganic sources) with lower range d.d.not prod.ce any significant outcome from the stud. and.exhibited.lower value for all the crops. Besid.s prod.ction of food.crops, INM also greatly influenced.the soil and.water characterization and.it was favourably

关键词： aquatic food.crops INM nitrogen soil & water characterization economics wetland.ecosystem.

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Strain ind.ced.changes in performance of strained.Si/strained.Si1-yGey/relaxed.Si1-xGex MOSFETs and.circuits for d.gital applications

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第6期24卷 1233-1244页

作者： k.mar Subind. k.mari Amrita das Muk.l k d.partment of Electronics Engineering Indian School of MinesDhanbad 826004India

Growing a silicon(Si) layer on top of stack.d.Si-germanium(Ge) compressive layer can introd.ce a tensile strain on the former, resulting in superior d.vice characteristics. Such a structure can be used.for high performance complementary metal-oxid.-semicond.ctor(CMOS) circuits. d.wn scaling metal-oxid.-semicond.ctor field.effect transistors(MOSFETs) into the d.ep submicron/nanometer regime forces the source(S) and.d.ain(d. series resistance to become comparable with the channel resistance and.thus it cannot be neglected. Owing to the persisting technological importance of strained.Si d.vices, in this work. we propose a multi-iterative technique for evaluating the performance of strained.Si/strained.Si_(1-y)Ge_y/relaxed.Si_(1-x)Ge_x MOSFETs and.its related.circuits in the presence of S/d.series resistance, lead.ng to the d.velopment of a simulator that can faithfully plot the performance of the d.vice and.related.d.gital circuits. The impact of strain on d.vice/circuit performance is also investigated.with emphasis on metal gate and.high-k.d.electric materials.

关键词： complementary metal-oxid.-semicond.ctor (CMOS) high-k d.electric material inverter metal-oxid.-semicond.ctor field.effect transistors (MOSFETs) SiGe series resistance strain

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