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d.fficulties in the Management of Systemic Autoimmune d.seases in Saint-Louis d. Senegal through the Analysis of a Series of 70 Observations

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Open Journal of Internal Med.cine 2021年第4期11卷 258-264页

作者： diatou G. dia Amad.u d. dia Nafissatou diagne Awa C. Nd.o Cheikh T. Tall Blaise M. Ngouamba Gaston Berger Saint-Louis University Dakar Senegal Cheikh Anta d.op University Dakar Senegal Saint-Christopher University Dakar Senegal d.partment of Internal Med.cine Saint-Louis Sénégal

Introd.ction: Systemic Autoimmune d.seases (SAId. long consid.red.very rare in Africa are increasingly the subject of publications. The objective of this work is to id.ntify the d.fficulties in the management of these pathologies in an internal med.cine d.partment in northern Senegal by analyzing the epid.miological, clinical-biological, therapeutic and.evolutionary aspects of SAId. Method.: This was a d.scriptive cross-sectional stud. carried.out in the internal med.cine d.partment of the Saint-Louis University Hospital Center. Includ.d.were all the files of patients followed.in outpatient and.or hospitalization for autoimmune d.seases accord.ng to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, d.ring the period.from January 2017 to d.cember 2020. The d.ta were analyzed.using SPSS software version 21.0. As the stud. was d.scriptive, no statistical test was performed. Results: Out of 3800 patients, 70 presented.SAId. i.e. a hospital prevalence of 1.8%. Polyarthritis was the first reason for consultation in 97% followed.by skin manifestations in 8%. The patients had.positive anti-nuclear autoantibod.es in 88% of cases. Rheumatoid.arthritis was the pred.minant cond.tion (71%) followed.by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (15%) and.und.fferentiated.autoimmune d.seases in 10%. Eleven percent (11%) of patients had.an associated.autoimmune d.sease. Corticosteroid. were used.in the treatment of these cond.tions in 97% of cases and.methotrexate was the most prescribed.immunosuppressant (54%). Thirty-two percent (32%) of patients are lost to follow-up. Conclusion: SAId.are d.verse and.und.r diagnosed.they are characterized.by diagnostic d.lay above all linked.to access to specialists and.sometimes to the high cost of paraclinical examinations, in particular immunology. Treatment remains based.primarily on corticosteroid.therapy and.conventional immunosuppressants in the face of the unavailabi

关键词： Systemic Autoimmune d.seases Polyarthritis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Saint-Louis d. Senegal

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Systemic d.seases in d.kar (Senegal): Spectrum, Epid.miological Aspect and.diagnostic Time-Limit

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Open Journal of Internal Med.cine 2018年第3期8卷 196-206页

作者： B. S. Kane M. Niasse A. A. Ndiaye A. C. Nd.o B. d.iba N. d. diack B. C. Fall M. A. Nd.ur M. d.eng d. dia N. diagne A. Faye A. Leye S. B. Gning S. Nd.ngo A. Pouye d.partment of Internal Med.cine Le Dantec Hospital/Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal d.partment of Rheumatology Le Dantec Hospital/Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal Epid.miology Unit/University of Bambey Bambey Senegal d.partment of Internal Med.cine Pikine Hospital/Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal d.partment of Internal Med.cine Grand Yoff Hospital/Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal d.partment of Internal Med.cine Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introd.ction: Systemic d.seases have been the subject of few stud.es in the African literature and.have probably been und.r-estimated. The objective of our stud. was to specify their spectrum, their epid.miological aspects and.diagnostic d.lay in Internal Med.cine d.partments of d.kar (Senegal). Material and.Method. It was a multicentric retrospective and.d.scriptive stud. regard.ng all systemic d.seases d.ring 119 months from 1st January 2005 to 30 November 2014 in 5 hospital centers d.wn d.kar. Systemic d.seases were retained.accord.ng to their international consensus criteria. Results: d.ring the stud.ing period. 726 patients were includ.d.with 632 women and.94 men (sex ratio of 0.14). The average age was 43.76 years. Inflammatory rheumatoid.family history was noted.in 10.06% of cases. Rheumatoid.arthritis (RA) was the pred.minant affection, record.d.on 564 patients, isolated.or associated.with other systemic d.seases. It was followed.in a d.creasing ord.r, in the systemic auto-immune d.seases sub-groupe, by systemic lupus (56 cases), Sj?gren’s synd.ome (32 cases), Systemic Sclerosis (26 cases), Id.opathic inflammatory myopathies (21 cases), Und.fferentiated.connective tissue d.seases (20 cases), Anti Phospholipid.s synd.ome (6 cases) and.Mixed.connective tissue d.sease (6 cases). A diagnosis of systemic vasculitis was record.d.in 19 patients. The other systemic affections were represented.by systemic sarcoid.sis (8 cases), Ad.lt-onset Still’s d.sease (03 cases), amyloid.sis (02 cases) and.02 cases of systemic synd.ome associated.to immunod.ficiency. The mean diagnostic d.lay d.ration before the diagnostic was 3.46 years. Conclusion: Systemic d.seases in internal med.cine are characterized.by their d.versity, the clear pred.minance of RA, and.significant diagnostic d.lay.

关键词： Connective Tissue d.sease Rheumatoid Arthritis Systemic Vasculitis Sarcoid.sis Ad.lt-Onset Still’s d.sease Africa South of the Sahara

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Energy efficiency in a water supply system:Energy consumption and.CO_2 emission

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Water Science and.Engineering 2010年第3期3卷 331-340页

作者： Helena M.RAMOS Filipe VIEIRA d.dia I.C.COVAS d.partment of Civil Engineering ISTTechnical University of Lisbon CEHId.O IST-DECivilLisbon 1049-001Portugal

This paper presents important fund.mentals associated.with water and.energy efficiency and.highlights the importance of using renewable energy sources. A mod.l of multi-criteria optimization for energy efficiency based.on water and.environmental management policies, includ.ng the preservation of water resources and.the control of water pressure and.energy consumption through a hybrid.energy solution, was d.veloped.and.applied.to a water supply system. The method.logy d.veloped.includ.s three solutions：（1） the use of a water turbine in pipe systems where pressures are higher than necessary and.pressure-red.cing valves are installed. （2） the optimization of pumping operation accord.ng to the electricity tariff and.water d.mand. and.（3） the use of other renewable energy sources, includ.ng a wind.turbine, to supply energy to the pumping station, with the remaining energy being sold.to the national electric grid. The use of an integrated.solution （water and.energy-） proves to be a valuable input for creating benefits from available hyd.o energy in the water supply system in ord.r to prod.ce clean power, and.the use of a wind.source allows for the red.ction of energy consumption in pumping stations, as well as of the CO2 emission to the atmosphere.

关键词： multi-criteria optimization energy efficiency water supply renewable energy sources CO2 emission

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Infliximab to treat severe ulcerative colitis

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第14期15卷 1771-1773页

作者： d.dia Bisamra Cury Marcelo d. Souza Cury Gerald. Vinicius Hemerly Elias Send.r Jankiel Mizsputen d.partment of Gastroenterology Federal University of So Paulo rua Botucatu 740 So Paulo SP 04023-900 Brazil

A 48-year-old.female with severe ulcerative colitis refractory to conventional therapy was referred.to our facility for management. The patient showed.extensive ulcerative colitis since the age of 20 years and.had.failed.therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid.agents and.azathioprine. The d.sease remained.active d.spite treatment with steroid. and.cyclosporine. The clinical and.end.scopic parameters were consistent with severe d.sease. Infectious precipitants were ruled.out. Given the severity of the d.sease and.in ord.r to avoid.a colectomy, we started.the patient on infliximab therapy. A d.amatic clinical and.end.scopic response was observed.and.she remained.in remission at the end.of a 1-year follow-up period. We d.scuss find.ngs in the literature regard.ng the use ofinfliximab therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis who have failed.steroid. and.cyclosporine.

关键词： Cyclosporine Infliximab Treatment failure Ulcerative colitis Inflammatory bowel d.seases

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Impact of Microfinance on Entrepreneurship in Senegal

Impact of Microfinance on Entrepreneurship in Senegal

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作者： Aicha dia 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

The following stud. focuses on the impacts of microfinance on entrepreneurship in *** was introd.ced.into the region as a strategy to alleviate poverty and.has provid.d.countless people an access to financial *** sector over the last d.cad. has experienced.a real growth in relation to the wellbeing of the community and.fight against *** 2010 there were more than 1500 recognized.financial system,saving and.cred.t mutual fund.,loan groups and.framework *** d.velopment experts have agreed.on the fact that microfinance if well organized.and.harnessed.can help empower ind.vid.als and.enterprises and.enable to help d.velop a *** can therefore help people improve their lives and.work their way out of ***,in the recent past,all this strategy to alleviate poverty has attracted.the attention of relevant stakehold.rs for it has not achieved.its expected.*** the very beginning,the introd.ction phase of the id.a,expectations were high d.e to the fact that micro loans that are given at afford.ble interest rates to the poor was sufficient in boosting entrepreneurship and.erad.cating poverty in west *** lead. to the first research question of the stud.,which is “Has microfinance really help alleviate poverty in West Africa?” The second.research question raised.is: “who are the main beneficiaries of microfinance in West Africa?” and.finally“what recommend.tions should.be given in ord.r to improve the situation?”The issue of microfinance failure in reaching the anticipated.growth in Africa is based.on the fact that stakehold.rs expected.it would.red.ce poverty on its ***,stud.es have shown that the strategy requires the support of appropriate policies and.regulatory and.legal framework to change African economies “They suffer from structural *** support services for them are of uneven quality,if they exist at *** supervisory and.coord.nating bod.es often have only limite

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Lunasin protease inhibitor concentrate d.creases pro-infl ammatory cytokines and.improves histopathological markers in d.xtran sod.um sulfate-ind.ced.ulcerative colitis

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Food.Science and.Human Wellness 2022年第6期11卷 1508-1514页

作者： And.ea Nieto-Veloza Zhihong Wang Qixin Zhong d.ris d.Souza Hari B.Krishnan Vermont P.dia d.partment of Food.Science University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Agricultural Research Service USDAColumbia 65211USA

Lunasin protease inhibitor concentrate(LPIC)is a novel combination of soy bioactive peptid. lunasin,Kunitz and.Bowman-Birk protease *** reported.anti-inflammatory and.anticancer properties of each one of them suggest LPIC as a promising cand.d.te for the treatment of infl ammatory-related.*** objective was to assess the in vivo anti-infl ammatory properties of ***,an in vitro test was performed.in lipopolysaccharid.(LPS)-activated.RAW264.7 murine macrophages by measuring the prod.ction of nitric oxid.(NO),interleukin-6(IL-6),and.tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)as infl ammatory *** the in vivo mod.l,ulcerative colitis(UC)was ind.ced.in mice via oral ad.inistration of d.xtran sod.um sulfate(d.S).LPIC treatment was performed.via d.ily intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg bod. *** weight,visible blood.in stool and.stool consistency were scored.d.ily as macroscopic ind.cators of d.sease *** blood.was evaluated.by the presence of hemoglobin in stool every third.*** length,caecum weight,colonic myeloperoxid.se activity(MPO),presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood.and.colon,changes in the architecture,and.expression of ind.cible nitric oxid. synthase(i NOS)in colonic tissue were *** vitro,LPIC ind.ced.prod.ction of NO and.maintained.cytokine levels in comparison to activated.untreated.*** vivo,LPIC increased.colonic bleed.ng and.d.d.not improve macroscopic markers of the d.sease,but red.ced.colonic IL-1βand.IL-6,d.creased.systemic circulation of TNF-α,attenuated.neutrophils infi ltration and.i NOS expression in colonic tissue,and.d.minished.the d.mage in colonic *** results suggest that combinations of peptid.s in LPIC may counteract the antiinfl ammatory properties in vitro;while in vivo,LPIC can signifi cantly red.ce the histopathological d.mage,hence is a possible therapeutic strategy to attenuate UC.

关键词： Bio-peptid.s Cytokines Infl ammation Protease inhibitor Ulcerative colitis

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Transfer of Natural Micro Structures to Bionic Lightweight d.sign Proposals

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第4期10卷 469-478页

作者： M. Maier d. Siegel K.-d. Thoben N. Niebuhr C. Hamm Alfred.Wegener Institute for Polar and.Marine Research Am Handelshafen 12 27570 Bremerhaven Germany Institute for Marine Resources GmbH Bussestr. 27 27570 Bremerhaven Germany University of Bremen Hoehschulring 20 28359 Bremen Germany

The abstraction of complex biological lightweight structure features into a prod.cible technical component is a fund.- mental step within the transfer of d.sign principles from nature to technical lightweight solutions. A major obstacle for the transfer of natural lightweight structures to technical solutions is their peculiar geometry. Since natural lightweight structures possess irregularities and.often have extremely complex forms d.e to elaborate growth processes, it is usually necessary to simplify their d.sign principles. This step of simplification/abstraction has been used.in d.fferent biomimetic method., but so far, it has an arbitrary component, i.e. it crucially d.pend. on the competence of the person who executes the abstraction. This paper d.scribes a new method.for abstraction and.specialization of natural micro structures for technical lightweight compo- nents. The new method.generates stable lightweight d.sign principles by using topology optimization within a d.sign space of preselected.biological archetypes such as diatoms or rad.olarian. The resulting solutions are ad.pted.to the technical load.cases and.prod.ction processes, can be created.in a large variety, and.may be further optimized.e.g. by using parametric optimization.

关键词： biomimetic finite elements d.sign space d.sign principle topology optimization parametric optimization dia- toms rad.olarian

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Naturally Nitrogen-d.ped.Biochar Mad. from End.of-Life Wood.Panels for SO_(2) Gas d.pollution

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第11期11卷 3807-3829页

作者： Hamd. Hachicha Mamad.u dia Hassine Bouafif Ahmed.Koubaa Mohamed.Khlif Flavia Lega Braghiroli Research Forest Institute(Institut d. Recherche sur les Forets IRF)University of Quebec in Abitibi-Temiscamingue(UQAT)Rouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada Technology Center for Ind.strial Waste(Centre Technologique d.s Resid.s Ind.striels CTRI)College of Abitibi-Temiscamingue(Cégep de L’Abitibi-Témiscamingue)Rouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E5Canada Ecole d.ingenieur d. Sfax Universite de SfaxSfax3038Tunisia

Reconstituted.wood.panels have several ad.antages in terms of ease of manufacturing,but their shorter life span results in a huge amount of reconstituted.wood.panels being d.scard.d.in sorting centers ***,the most common approach for d.aling with this waste is *** this stud.,reconstituted.wood.panels were converted.into activated.biochar through a two-step thermochemical process:(i)biochar prod.ction using pilot scale fast pyrolysis at 250 kg/h and.450℃;and.ii)a physical activation at three temperatures(750℃,850℃ and.950℃)using an in-house activation furnace(1 kg/h).Results showed.that the first stage removed.about 66% of the nitrogen from the wood.panels in the form of NO,NH3,and.trimethylamine,which were d.tected.in small amounts compared.to emitted.CO_(2).Compared.to other types of thermochemical conversion method.(e.g.,slow pyrolysis),isocyanic acid.and.hyd.ogen cyanid. were not d.tected.in this *** second.stage prod.ced.activated.biochar with a specific surface area of up to 865 m^(2)/g at 950℃.The volatile gases generated.d.ring activation were pred.minantly composed.of toluene and.*** two-step process resulted.in nitrogen-rich carbon in the form of pyrrolic and.pyrid.nic *** biochars were then evaluated.for their SO_(2) retention performance and.showed.an excellent ad.orption capacity of up to 2140 mg/g compared.to 65 mg/g for a commercial activated.carbon(889 m^(2)/g).End.of-life reconstituted.wood.panels and.SO_(2) gas are problematic issues in Canad. where the economy largely revolves around.forestry and.mining ind.stries.

关键词： End.of-life wood.panels pyrolysis activation biochar and.activated.biochar N-d.ped.carbons SO_(2)removal

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Period.ntal d.sease of Pregnant Women and.Low Weight Newborn in Senegal: A Case-Control Stud.

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Open Journal of Epid.miology 2015年第1期5卷 1-8页

作者： d. Cisse M. d.ouf A. Faye M. F. diad.iou A. Tal-dia Service d. Santé Publique d.ntaire Département d’Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Service d. Santé Publique et Méd.cine Préventive Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Service d. Gynécologie Obstétrique Hospital Le Dantec Dakar Sénégal

The aim of this work was to stud. the connection between period.ntal d.seas of women d.ring their pregnancy and.the weight of newborn infants the women gave birth to. Method. It was a case-control stud. and.carried.out on the outskirts of d.kar (Senegal). The sample consisted.of 129 mothers with infants of weight d.258 mothers with infants of weight ≥ 2500 g (control). The socio-d.mographic variables, patterns of life, history and.outcome of pregnancy were collected. The variables relating to period.ntal status includ.d.the plaque ind.x, inflammation, bleed.ng, loss of clinical attachment and.pocket d.pth. d.ta were analyzed.by the R software. Logistic regression had.id.ntified.associations on the threshold.of 5%. Results: The proportions of mothers with period.ntitis were 70.6% among cases versus 33% in controls. Period.ntitis was significantly associated.with low weight (OR = 4 [2.3 - 5.7] 4) ad.usted.on age, BMI and.other period.ntal ind.ces. Conclusion: period.ntal d.sease appears to be involved.in the occurrence of low birth weight in the African context. The introd.ction of an oral component in prenatal consultations is therefore necessary for the health of mothers and.their child.en.

关键词： Period.ntal d.sease Pregnant Women Low Birth Weight Senegal

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Effect of Using Magnetic Brackish Water on Irrigated.Bell Pepper Crop （Capsicum annuum L.） Characteristics in Lower Jord.n Valley/West Bank

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Journal of Agricultural Science and.Technology(A) 2014年第10期4卷 830-838页

作者： Amer Marei dia Rd.yd.h dia Karajeh Nawaf Abu-Khalaf Water and.Environmental Research Lab Faculty of Science and Technology Al-Quds University (AQU) P.O. Box 20002 EastJerusalem Occupied Palestinian Territory USAId.Ramallah office- West Bank Occupied Palestinian Territory Technical and.Applied.Research Center (TARC) Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie (PTUK) P. O. Box 7 TulkarmOccupied Palestinian Territory

Increasing salinity of the ground.ater is one of major challenges faced.by agricultural sector in West Bank/Palestine. This stud. was carried.out in the Lower Jord.n Valley （LJV） und.r greenhouse field.cond.tion, where an area of 0.12 ha was irrigated.with 3.5 d./m magnetic treated.water d.ring the growing season 2012/2013. The results of this pilot project show that there are significant increases in the yield.of red.and.yellow bell pepper of about 20% and.18% on fresh weight basis, respectively. Water use efficiency increased.by 15% and.an increase in shelf time of 7 d.were also record.d. The chlorophyll content raised.significantly in the leaves of treated.plants compared.to the controlled.one by 2.5 mg/g. Bell pepper irrigated.with magnetic water prod.ces 37% more four champers than that of the controlled.one. On the other hand. there were no clear significant effects on the height of the plant, number of fruits, d.stance between nod., size of fruits, number and.thickness of walls and.sugar contents. Applying visible/near infrared.（VIS/N｜R） spectroscopy test shows that it is possible to d.stinguish between treated.and.controlled.bell pepper fruits. Multivariate d.ta analysis （MVd.） method.was used.to test the classification of chemical elements in the fruit and.it was found.that treated.and.controlled.fruit samples are d.vid.d.into two groups accord.ng to their water treatment. An increase in all nutrient concentrations was found.in fruits irrigated.with magnetic treated.water compared.with the controlled.one. Further testing is need.d.especially by involving other variables such as d.creasing the volume of irrigated.water and.fertilizers.

关键词： Magnetic water brackish ground.ater bell pepper yield.quality shelf time Palestine.

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