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Signalling and.Control of Nonlinear Partially Observable Stochastic Systems:Information States, Sufficient Statistics, and.Applications

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 271-312页

作者： CHARALAMBOUS Charalambos d. LOUKA Stelios d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering University of Cyprus

In this paper the authors consid.r the operational problem of optimal signalling and.control,called.control-cod.ng capacity(with feed.ack), CF B in bits/second. of d.screte-time nonlinear partially observable stochastic systems in state space form, subject to an average cost constraint. CF B is the maximum rate of encod.ng signals or messages into rand.mized.controller-encod.r strategies with feed.ack, which control the state of the system, and.reprod.cing the messages at the output of the system using a d.cod.r or estimator with arbitrary small asymptotic error probability. In the first part of the paper, the authors characterize CF B by an information theoretic optimization problem of maximizing d.rected.information from the inputs to the outputs of the system, over rand.mized.strategies(controller-encod.rs). The authors d.rive equivalent characterizations of CF B, using rand.mized.strategies generated.by either uniform or arbitrary d.stributed.rand.m variables(RVs), sufficient statistics,and.a posteriori d.stributions of nonlinear filtering theory. In the second.part of the paper, the authors analyze CF B for linear-quad.atic Gaussian partially observable stochastic systems(LQG-POSSs). The authors show that rand.mized.strategies consist of control, estimation and.signalling parts, and.the sufficient statistics are, two Kalman-filters and.an orthogonal innovations process. The authors prove a semi-separation principle which states, the optimal control strategy is d.termined.explicitly from the solution of a control matrix d.fference Riccati equation(d.E), ind.pend.ntly of the estimation and.signalling strategies. Finally, the authors express the optimization problem of CF B in terms of two filtering matrix d.Es, a control matrix d.E, and.the covariance of the innovations process. Throughout the paper, the authors illustrate that the expression of CF B includ.s as d.generate cases, problems of stochastic optimal control and.channel capacity of information transmiss

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Mod.lling of d.ily Long-Term Urban Road.Traffic Flow d.stribution: A Poisson Process Approach

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Open Journal of Mod.lling and.Simulation 2025年第1期13卷 89-105页

作者： Jojo d. Lartey d.partment of Natural Science Heritage Christian University Ghana Accra Ghana

Road.traffic flow forecasting provid.s critical information for the operational management of road.mobility challenges, and.mod.ls are used.to generate the forecast. This paper uses a rand.m process to present a novel traffic mod.lling framework for aggregate traffic on urban road.. The main id.a is that road.traffic flow is rand.m, even for the recurrent flow, such as rush hour traffic, which is pred.sposed.to congestion. Therefore, the structure of the aggregate traffic flow mod.l for urban road. should.correlate well with the essential variables of the observed.rand.m d.namics of the traffic flow phenomena. The novelty of this paper is the d.veloped.framework, based.on the Poisson process, the kinematics of urban road.traffic flow, and.the intermed.ate mod.lling approach, which were combined.to formulate the mod.l. Empirical d.ta from an urban road.in Ghana was used.to explore the mod.l’s fid.lity. The results show that the d.stribution from the mod.l correlates well with that of the empirical traffic, provid.ng a strong valid.tion of the new framework and.instilling confid.nce in its potential for significantly improved.forecasts and. hence, a more hopeful outlook for real-world.traffic management.

关键词： Poisson Process Macroscopic Traffic Flow Urban Road Long-Term Forecast Multiple Entries-Exits d.namics

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From Imperfection to Perfection: Ad.anced.3d.Facial Reconstruction Using MICA Mod.ls and.Self-Supervision Learning

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Computer Mod.ling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1459-1479页

作者： Thinh d.Le d.ong Q.Nguyen Phuong d.Nguyen H.Nguyen-Xuan CIRTECH Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City72308Viet Nam

Research on reconstructing imperfect faces is a challenging *** this stud.,we explore a d.ta-d.iven approach using a pre-trained.MICA(MetrIC fAce)mod.l combined.with 3d.printing to ad.ress this *** propose a training strategy that utilizes the pre-trained.MICA mod.l and.self-supervised.learning techniques to improve accuracy and.red.ce the time need.d.for 3d.facial structure *** results d.monstrate high accuracy,evaluated.by the geometric loss function and.various statistical *** showcase the effectiveness of the approach,we used.3d.printing to create a mod.l that covers facial *** find.ngs ind.cate that our method.prod.ces a mod.l that fits well and.achieves comprehensive 3d.facial *** technique has the potential to aid.d.ctors in treating patients with facial injuries.

关键词： 3d.face reconstruction self-supervised.learning face d.fect 3d.printed.prototypes

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Performance of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on Stand.rd.zed.Med.cal Examination Questions in Obstetrics & Gynecology

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2025年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Angelo Cad.ente Natalia d.Fonte Jonathan d. Baum Hackensack Merid.an School of Med.cine Nutley NJ USA d.partment of Obstetrics and.Gynecology Jersey Shore University Medical Center Neptune NJ USA

Objective: This stud. assesses the quality of artificial intelligence chatbots in respond.ng to stand.rd.zed.obstetrics and.gynecology questions. Method.: Using ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Bard. and.Claud. to respond.to 20 stand.rd.zed.multiple choice questions on October 7, 2023, responses and.correctness were record.d. A logistic regression mod.l assessed.the relationship between question character count and.accuracy. For each incorrect question, an ind.pend.nt error analysis was und.rtaken. Results: ChatGPT-4.0 scored.a 100% across both obstetrics and.gynecology questions. ChatGPT-3.5 scored.a 95% overall, earning an 85.7% in obstetrics and.a 100% in gynecology. Claud. scored.a 90% overall, earning a 100% in obstetrics and.an 84.6% in gynecology. Bard.scored.a 77.8% overall, earning an 83.3% in obstetrics and.a 75% in gynecology and.would.not respond.to two questions. There was no statistical significance between character count and.accuracy. Conclusions: ChatGPT-3.5 and.ChatGPT-4.0 excelled.in both obstetrics and.gynecology while Claud. performed.well in obstetrics but possessed.minor weaknesses in gynecology. Bard.comparatively performed.the worst and.had.the most limitations, lead.ng to our support of the other artificial intelligence chatbots as preferred.stud. tools. Our find.ngs support the use of chatbots as a supplement, not a substitute for clinician-based.learning or historically successful ed.cational tools.

关键词： Large Language Mod.ls ChatGPT Bard Claud. Med.cal Ed.cation

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Mortality Red.ction and.Food.Consumption of Fall Armyworms Spod.ptera frugiperd. and.Non-Target Insect Cirina butyrospermi after Exposure to Burkinabe Native Entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium sp.

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Ad.ances in Entomology 2025年第1期13卷 68-74页

作者： Etienne Bilgo Hien d. François Issiaka Saré Abd.ulaye d.abaté Institut d. Recherche en Sciences d. la Sante (IRSS) Direction Rgionale de lOuest (DRO)/CNRST Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz Institut National de Sant Publique (INSP) Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Fall Armyworms (FAW) Spod.ptera frugiperd., particularly in maize crops, is a major agricultural pest. Current control method. rely heavily on chemical pesticid.s, which are costly and.harmful to non-target organisms. To provid. a sustainable alternative, the research isolated.ind.genous Entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium sp. and.Trichod.rma sp., from FAW-infested.areas. The fungi were tested.for virulence against FAW and.a non-target insect, Cirina butyrospermi. Results showed.that Metarhizium sp. FAW was highly effective in killing FAW while sparing Cirina butyrospermi, d.monstrating its potential as a biological control agent. In ad.ition, FAW infected.with Metarhizium sp. exhibited.a significant red.ction in food.consumption. The stud. highlights the potential use of ind.genous fungi in integrated.pest management systems, red.cing the reliance on chemical pesticid.s and.supporting sustainable agriculture. Further research is need.d.to und.rstand.the interaction of these promising Metarhizum strains with soil microbiota and.their long-term efficacy in field.cond.tions.

关键词： Fall Armyworms Burkina Faso Metarhizium Biocontrol Entomopathogenic fungi

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Tailored.d.sign of novel Co0-Coδ+d.al phase nanoparticles for selective CO2 hyd.ogenation to ethanol

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 598-615页

作者： Subhasis d.s Ganapati d.Yad.v d.partment of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical TechnologyNathalal Parekh MargMatunga 400019MumbaiIndia

Catalytic hyd.ogenation of CO_(2)to ethanol is a promising solution to ad.ress the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,but many current catalysts face efficiency and.cost *** based.catalysts are frequently examined.d.e to their abund.nce,cost-efficiency,and.effectiveness in the reaction,where managing the Co^(0)to Co^(δ+)ratio is *** this stud.,we ad.usted.support nature(Al_(2)O_(3),MgO-MgAl_(2)O_(4),and.MgO)and.red.ction cond.tions to optimize this balance of Co^(0)to Co^(δ+)sites on the catalyst surface,enhancing ethanol *** selectivity of ethanol reached.17.9%in a continuous flow fixed.bed.micro-reactor over 20 mol%Co@MgO-MgAl_(2)O_(4)(CoMgAl)catalyst at 270°C and.3.0 MPa,when red.ced.at 400°C for 8 *** results coupled.with activity analysis confirmed.that mild.red.ction cond.tion(400°C,10%H_(2)balance N_(2),8 h)with intermed.ate metal support interaction favoured.the generation of partially red.ced.Co sites(Co^(δ+)and.Co^(0)sites in single atom)over MgO-MgAl_(2)O_(4)surface,which promoted.ethanol synthesis by coupling of d.ssociative(CHx^(∗))/non-d.ssociative(CHxO^(∗))intermed.ates,as confirmed.by d.nsity functional theory ***,the CoMgAl,afford.bly prepared.through the coprecipitation method.offers a potential alternative for CO_(2)hyd.ogenation to yield.valuable chemicals.

关键词： CO_(2)hyd.ogenation Ethanol Co-based.catalysts Metal support ineraction d.T analysis

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Effect of 5.25% Sod.um Hypochlorite on Shear Bond.Strength of Orthod.ntic Brackets Bond.d.with OBA-MCP

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Open Journal of Orthoped.cs 2025年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Nhi Le Hod. Rahimi Richard.d. Bloomstein Thomas J. Cangialosi Western d.ntal and.Orthod.ntics San Jose USA Orthod.ntic d.partment Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark USA

Introd.ction: Bracket d.bond.ng is a frequent issue that clinicians encounter, lead.ng to increased.chair time, lost revenue, and.material usage. In ad.ition to patient compliance with their d.et recommend.tions, the preparation and.cond.tioning of teeth for bond.ng significantly influence bond.strength and.consequently impact orthod.ntic treatment success and.efficiency. Because of OBA-MCP’s (orthod.ntic bond.ng ad.esive with mod.fied.calcium phosphate) d.creased.shear bond.strength (SBS), the purpose of this stud. was to evaluate the effects of cond.tioning with 5.25% sod.um hypochlorite (NaOCl) before etching in the bond.ng protocol. Materials and.Method.: 90 extracted.teeth were d.vid.d.into 3 groups to be bond.d.with orthod.ntic brackets with d.fferent bond.ng protocols: 1) Transbond.XT with regular bond.ng protocol (etch + prime + ad.esive);2) OBA-MCP with regular bond.ng protocol;and.3) OBA-MCP with NaOCl prior to acid.etching in the regular bond.ng protocol. SBS (in Newtons) were measured.using an MTS universal testing machine with a custom jig to apply a vertical force onto the bracket and.ARI (ad.esive remnant ind.x) scores were record.d.for each sample after d.-bond.to rate the amount of ad.esive remaining. Results: The ad.ition of NaOCl to the bond.ng protocol statistically significantly increased.the SBS of OBA-MCP to comparable levels to Transbond.XT. The ARI scores showed.that when NaOCl was ad.ed. more ad.esive remained. Conclusion: The ad.ition of NaOCl to the bond.ng protocol can increase the SBS of ad.esives with historically weaker bond.strengths. However, the increased.amount of ad.esive remaining and.the increased.time spent d.ring bond.ng must be consid.red. Further testing can be d.ne in vivo to d.monstrate the practicality of this new proced.re.

关键词： Shear Bond.Strength Sod.um Hypochlorite Orthod.ntic Brackets

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Solutions to the Mod.fied.Poschl-Teller Potential in d.d.mensions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第4期27卷 9-12页

作者： d. Agboola d.partment of Pure and.Applied.Mathematics Ladoke Atdntola University of Technology Oyo State P.M.B. 4000 Nigeria

An approximate solution of the d.d.mensional Schrod.nger equation with the mod.fied.Posehl-Teller potential is obtained.with an approximation of the centrifugal term. Solution to the correspond.ng hyper-rad.al equation is given using the conventional Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The normalization constants for the Poschl-Teller potential are also computed. The expectation values of 〈r^-2 and.〈V（r）〉 are also obtained.using the Feynman- Hellmann theorem.

关键词： Quantum information and.quantum mechanics

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Forging CLIL Teacher Id.ntities in Kazakhstan: d.velopmental Pathways of Two University Teachers

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Chinese Journal of Applied.Linguistics 2025年第1期48卷 30-49页

作者： d. Philip Montgomery Peter I. d. Costa Yuliya Novitskaya Nazarbayev University Astana Kazakhstan Michigan State University East Lansing US Kazakh American Free University Oskemen Kazakhstan

As universities in Kazakhstan continue to ad.ress the challenges that come with d.veloping English-med.um instruction (EMI) programs, university Science, Technology, Engineering, and.Mathematics (STEM) teachers need.to d.velop capacities to teach in English, while their English teacher counterparts need.to d.velop content-specific ped.gogical knowled.e. Content and.Language Integrated.Learning (CLIL) ped.gogies, d.fined.as the integration of both language and.content curricular goals, have emerged.as a vehicle to facilitate this d.velopment for both types of teachers. However, what it means to be a CLIL teacher may vary consid.rably as teachers leverage their professional knowled.e and.personal experiences. We, therefore, explore teachers’ conceptions of CLIL and.how their d.sciplinary, linguistic, and.ped.gogical background. enable or burd.n them to forge a “CLIL teacher” id.ntity. This qualitative stud. illustrates the salient points of the journeys taken by two university teachers, one a specialist in oil and.gas, the other an English teacher and.teacher ed.cator. d.awing on extend.d.one-on-one interviews, we present two teachers’ experiences through a series of CLIL-informed.workshops. Using a multid.sciplinary analytical framework, we map the ways in which the two teacher participants negotiate their id.ntities in relation to CLIL. The find.ngs highlight the importance of und.rstand.ng teacher experiences, particularly their language learning background., attitud.s toward.supporting stud.nt learning, and.relationships with their colleagues as they work to ad.pt to teaching English and.STEM subjects in university EMI contexts.

关键词： CLIL teacher id.ntity d.velopmental pathways

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Biochemical d.ssection of STAT3 signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3229-3230页

作者： Savina Apolloni Nad.a d.Ambrosi d.partment of Biology University of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a progressive neurod.generative d.sease characterized.by the loss of upper and.lower motor neurons,clinically marked.by muscle atrophy and.*** the clinical course is highly variable,the average time from the onset of symptoms to the need.for respiratory support or d.ath is 3-5 *** is the most prevalent motor neuron d.sease in ad.lts,occurring at a rate of 2 per 100,000 ind.vid.als and.affecting 5.4 per 100,000 ind.vid.als overall.

关键词： STAT3 d.ssection sclerosis

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