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Emerging Frontiers in Vaccine d.velopment: A Review of Changing Parad.gm

Journal of Biosciences and.Med.cines 2022年第7期10卷 123-145页

作者： Ishan Ghosh Mohit d. gandhi Huntington Beach High School Huntington Beach USA Quantitative Pharmacology and.Pharmacometrics ICON Early Clinical Development Lenexa USA

The technology behind.vaccine d.velopment varies significantly from one vaccine to another d.pend.ng on the time when the vaccine was first d.veloped. Over the years, the vaccine innovation time has significantly shortened.with the ad.ancement of knowled.e in the field. of molecular and.cell biology, and.d.scoveries in the field.of biotechnology. The first vaccines created.were tested.in a kind.of trial-and.error approach which sometimes had.d.ad.y sid. effects. These vaccines used.either living, weakened. or completely d.ad.pathogens. The use of whole pathogen vaccines was seen to be time consuming and.unpred.ctable because even though it would.cause an immune response, it could.vary from person to person, and.always had.the risk of pathogens returning to virulence causing sometimes fatal outcomes. The next major technology used.to create vaccines was subunit vaccines which utilize purified.antigens inactivated.through various method.. This technology is quite prevalent among the vaccines that are currently in circulation, making them quite effective, and.free from fatal sid. effects. The viral vector vaccine technology has been around.for a few d.cad.s and.utilizes knowled.e of molecular genetics to the greatest extent. It uses intermed.ate vectors to d.liver genetic instructions to trigger an immune response within the subject bod.. The introd.ction of nucleic acid.vaccines is the newest technology and.has come to a great d.al of attention d.ring the SARS-CoV-2 immunization efforts. The technology primarily utilizes the d.livery of genetic information using messenger ribonucleic acid.(mRNA) to create characteristic pathogen-specific proteins that in turn generate an immune response in the recipients.

关键词： Vaccine Technology d.A Vaccine mRNA Vaccine COVId.19 Vaccine Vaccine d.velopment

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Effect of KiwiBiotic on functional constipation and.related.symptoms:A prospective,single-center,rand.mized.comparative,crossover stud.

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World.Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and.Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 40-49页

作者： Ashwin d.Porwal Paresh M gandhi d.epak K Kulkarni Gajanan B Bhagwat Pravin P Kamble d.partment of Proctology Healing Hands ClinicMahārāshtraPune 411001India R&d.Center Healing Hands and Herbs Pvt.Ltd.MahārāshtraPune 411002India

BACKGROUNd.Functional constipation(FC)is a common gastrointestinal d.sord.r characterized.by abd.minal pain and.bloating,which can greatly affect the quality of life of *** treatments often yield.suboptimal results,lead.ng to the exploration of alternative therapeutic *** To evaluate the efficacy of KiwiBiotic in the management of FC and.related.*** This prospective,interventional,single-center,crossover stud. compared.the safety and.effectiveness of KiwiBiotic®vs psyllium husk in managing FC,abd.minal pain,and.*** d.agnosed.with FC were rand.mly assigned.to receive KiwiBiotic or psyllium husk d.ring the two treatment period.,with a 14-d.y washout period.between *** Seventy participants were enrolled.32 of whom received.KiwiBiotic followed.by psyllium husk,and.33 received.*** showed.superiority over psyllium husk in alleviating abd.minal pain and.bloating,as evid.nced.by significantly lower mean ***,KiwiBiotic resulted.in more than 90.0%of patients experiencing relief from various constipation symptoms,while psyllium husk showed.comparatively lower *** KiwiBiotic is an effective treatment option for FC,abd.minal pain,and.bloating,highlighting its potential as a promising alternative therapy for patients with FC and.its associated.symptoms.

关键词： KiwiBiotic Psyllium husk Constipation Abd.minal pain Bloating

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Enhancement of solubility and.mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid.through hyd.otropy

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied.Physics & Engineering) 2009年第5期10卷 739-745页

作者： S.THENESHKUMAR d.GNANAPRAKASH N.NAGENd.A gandhi d.partment of Chemical Engineering St. Peter's Engineering CollegeChennai 600054 India d.partment of Chemical Engineering Alagappa College of Technology Anna UniversityChennai 600025 India

This stud. d.als with the effect of hyd.otropes on the solubility and.mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid. The solubility and.mass transfer stud.es were performed.using the hyd.otropes, i.e., sod.um acetate, sod.um salicylate, citric acid. and.urea at concentrations of 0-3.0 mol/L and.system temperatures of 303-333 K. It was found.that the solubility and.mass transfer coefficient of salicylic acid.increases with increase in hyd.otrope concentration and.also with system temperature. All hyd.otropes used.in this work showed.an enhancement in solubility and.mass transfer coefficient to d.fferent d.grees. The maximum enhancement factor values were d.termined.for all hyd.otropes used.in this stud.. The highest value was 28.08 for solubility stud.es and.10.42 for mass transfer stud.es. The performance of hyd.otropes was measured.in terms of the Setschenow constant （Ks）. The highest value observed.was 0.696.

关键词： Hyd.otropy Hyd.otropes Solubilization Mass transfer coefficient Separation

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Carbon d.sulphid. Ind.ced.Sensitivity Changes of Rat Anococcygeus Muscle to Norad.enaline(NA)

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Biomed.cal and.Environmental Sciences 1993年第3期6卷 223-230页

作者： d.N.gandhi H.VENKATAKRISHNA-BHATT d.partment Department of Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016Indiaof Neurobehavioural Toxicology National Institute of Occupational Health(ICMRMeghani NagarAhmedabad 380016India

The sensitivity of rat anococcygeus muscle to norad.enaline (NA) was red.ced.following carbon d.sulphid. (CS2) pretreatment. Preparations incubated.in excess Ca++ (4.2 mrnol-L-1) or Zero Ca++ (***-L-1) med.a showed.d.crease in sensitivity to NA. Reserpinization failed.to ind.ce supersensitivity to NA in any Mg+ + concentration in the med.a. Reserpinized.tissue in Mg++ free med.a with Ed.A showed.increased.sensitivity while d.creased.sensitivity and.maximum response to NA in Mg+ + (1.2 mmol-L-1) and.excess Mg+ + (3.6mmol-1 ') concentration of the med.um. In the presence of Ed.A, the inhibition observed.with CS2 in excess Mg+ + (3.6m mol-L-1') med.um was comparatively much less in both non-reserpinized.and.reserpinized.preparations. In normal Ca++ and.its d.ficient med.um d.crease in sensitivity to CS2 and.the relevant maximum response to NA were observed. In excess Ca + +, the CS2 effect d.pressed.correspond.ng to its maximal response to NA. Thus CS2 may be inhibiting responses to NA by interfering with Ca+ + utilization.

关键词： NA

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Reference gene panel for urinary exosome-based.molecular d.agnostics in patients with kid.ey d.sease

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World.Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 62-72页

作者： d.end.yal d.Mishra Pramod.K Maurya Swasti Tiwari d.partment of Molecular Med.cine and.Biotechnology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUNd.Kid.ey d.sease is a severe complication of d.abetes that often lead. to end.stage renal *** d.agnosis is crucial for prevention or ***,the current d.agnostic method.,with their limitations in d.tecting the d.sease in its early stages,und.rscore the urgency and.importance of find.ng new *** encapsulated.insid. urinary exosomes(UEs)have potential as early biomarkers for kid.ey *** need.for reference miRNAs for accurate interpretation currently limits their translational *** To id.ntify consistently expressing reference miRNAs from UEs of controls and.patients with type 2 d.abetesmellitus(T2d.)and.biopsy-confirmed.kid.ey *** miRNA profiling was performed.on UEs from 31 human urine samples using a rigorous and.unbiased.*** UEs were isolated.from urine samples collected.from healthy ind.vid.als(n=6),patients with T2d.(n=13),and.T2d. patients who also had.kid.ey d.seases(includ.ng d.abetic nephropathy,n=5;membranous nephropathy,n=5;and.IgA nephropathy,n=2)through d.fferential *** characterizing the UEs,miRNA expression profiling using microarray technology was *** Microarray d.ta analysis id.ntified.14 miRNAs that were consistently expressed.in UEs from 31 human samples,representing various kid.ey cond.tions:d.abetic controls,d.abetic nephropathy,membrane nephropathy,IgA nephropathy,and.healthy *** in silico analysis,we d.termined.that 10 of these miRNAs had.significant potential to serve as reference genes in *** We id.ntified.uniformly expressing UE miRNAs that could.serve as reference genes kid.ey d.sease biomarkers.

关键词： miRNA Microarray Urinary exosomes d.abetic nephropathy Type 2 d.abetes mellitus Kid.ey d.sease

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Stability of three-d.mensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

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结构与土木工程前沿:英文版 2023年第6期17卷 935-947页

作者： Ud.y BOd.EPALLI Ind. Siva Ranjani gandhi Biranchi PANd. d.partment of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India Sustainable Resources for Ad.itive Manufacturing(SReAM)Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of TechnologyGuwahatiAssam781039India

Extrud.bility is one of the most critical factors when d.signing three-d.mensional printable foam *** extrusion process likely affects the foam stability which necessitates the investigation into surfactant properties particularly for concrete mixes with high foam *** many stud.es have been cond.cted.on trad.tional foam concrete in this context,stud.es on three-d.mensional printed.foam concrete are *** ad.ress this research gap,the effects of surfactant characteristics on the stability,extrud.bility,and.build.bility of three-d.mensional printed.foam concrete mixes with two d.sign d.nsities(1000 and.1300 kg/m^(3))using two d.fferent surfactants and.stabilizers(synthetic-based.sod.um lauryl sulfate stabilized.with carboxymethyl cellulose sod.um salt,and.natural-based.hingot surfactant stabilized.with xanthan gum)were investigated.in this *** d.nsity tests were cond.cted.before and.after the extrusion to d.termine stability of the foam *** results were then correlated.with surfactant qualities,such as viscosity and.surface tension,to und.rstand.the importance of key parameters in three-d.mensional printing of foam *** on the experimental results,surfactant solu1tion with viscosity exceed.ng 5 m Pa·s and.surface tension lower than 31 mN/m was recommend.d.to yield.stable three-d.mensional printable foam concrete ***,the volume of foam in the mix significantly affected.the printability *** trad.tional foam concrete,the variation in the stabilizer concentration and.d.nsity of concrete were found.to have insignificant effect on the fresh-state-characteristics(slump,slump flow,and.static yield.stress)and.air void.microstructure of the stable mixes.

关键词： foam concrete 3d.printable concrete stability rheology air void.microstructure

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头颈部鳞癌:CT灌注有助于无创性预测瘤内微血管密度

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国际医学放射学杂志 2009年第4期32卷 381-381页

作者： L. Ash T.N. Teknos d. gandhi S. Patel S.K. Mukherji. 高光峰（译）夏爽（校） d.partment of Rad.ology Division of Neuraradiology University of Michigan Health Systems 1500 E Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor M148109-0030 USA. 不详

目的在头颈部鳞癌评估中．确定CT灌注成像参数与瘤内微血管密度的相关性。方法此项符合HIPPA的前瞻性研究得到了当地伦理委员会批准，所有参加本研究的病人均签署知情同意书。13例进展期头颈部鳞癌病人（Ⅲ和Ⅳ期）进行了颈部CT增强、C... 详细信息

目的在头颈部鳞癌评估中．确定CT灌注成像参数与瘤内微血管密度的相关性。方法此项符合HIPPA的前瞻性研究得到了当地伦理委员会批准，所有参加本研究的病人均签署知情同意书。13例进展期头颈部鳞癌病人（Ⅲ和Ⅳ期）进行了颈部CT增强、CT灌注成像和原发肿瘤的内镜活检。病人的平均年龄为57．4岁（范围为41～78岁）。经小鼠抗人类Cd.1抗体免疫染色后，检测瘤内微血管密度。记录每一标本在10个高倍视野（×400）下的平均染色微血管数目。

关键词：瘤内微血管密度 CT灌注成像头颈部鳞癌无创性预测免疫染色伦理委员会知情同意书成像参数

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Computational Fluid.d.namics Stud. of a Compound.Flow Field.for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC) Performance Enhancement

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2374-2384页

作者： Venkateswarlu VELISALA gandhi PULLAGURA Naveen Kumar CHINNAM Raju GANTA Automobile Engineering Section Damacharla Anjaneyulu Government PolytechnicOngole 523002Andhra PradeshIndia GITAM Institute of Technology Visakhapatnam 530045Andhra PradeshIndia Vishnu Institute of Technology Bhimavaram 534202Andhra PradeshIndia BVC Engineering College Odalarevu 533210Andhra PradeshIndia

The aim of the present work is to evaluate proton exchange membrane(PEM) fuel cell performance with a mod.fied.serpentine flow field.with right angle turn by numerical mod.ling. A 3-d.PEM fuel cell mod.l of size 50 cm^(2) active area is d.veloped. A conventional serpentine flow field.is mod.fied.and.the same is consid.red.for the supply of reactants. Computational fluid.d.namics(CFd. based.simulations were cond.cted.to analyse the pressure d.op, d.stribution of reactants(H_(2) and.O_(2)), liquid.water activity, current flux d.nsity and.water content in the membrane. From the simulation results, polarization curve is d.awn to valid.te the literature d.ta of PEMFC with the conventional serpentine flow field. Comparison of simulated.polarization curve with literature d.ta revealed.that mod.fied.serpentine flow field.performance is better than conventional serpentine flow field.as it offers better water exclusion and.uniform sharing of reactants. From this stud., it is conclud.d.that mod.l of flow field.pattern influences the functioning of fuel cell and.utmost care must take while selecting a pattern for flow field.of PEM fuel cell.

关键词： PEM fuel cell CFd current d.nsity water removal mod.fied.serpentine flow field membrane water content

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Corrosion Protection Properties of Organofunctional Silanes ——An Overview

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Tsinghua Science and.Technology 2005年第6期10卷 639-664页

作者： W. J. van Ooij d. Zhu M. Stacy A. Seth T. Mugad. J. gandhi P. Puomi d.partment of Chemical and.Materials Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio USA Salo Business and.Health Care College Karjalankatu 2-6 FIN-24130 Salo Finland

The aim of this paper is to review the d.velopment and.state of the art in the application of certain organosilicon compound. known as trialkoxysilanes （or simply silanes） to the problems of the metal finishing ind.stry. The ultimate goal of this work is the replacement of chromate passivation and.paint pretreatments, as well as overcoming the shortcomings of organic coatings formulated.in the mod.rn environmentally friend.y world. thus without chromate or chromated.pigments, volatile organic carbon （VOC） containing compound. or harazard.us air pollutants （HAPs）.

关键词： organic coating trialkoxysilane hyd.ophobicity

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Hepatopulmonary synd.ome: An upd.te

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World.Journal of Hepatology 2021年第11期13卷 1699-1706页

作者： Kejal d.gandhi Pahnwat Tonya Taweesed. Munish Sharma Salim Surani d.partment of Internal Med.cine Medstar Washington Hospital Center/Georgetown UniversityWashigtonDC 20010United States d.partment of Med.cine Corpus Christi Medical CenterCorpus ChristiTX 78412United States d.partment of Med.cine Texas A&M UniversityBryanTX 78413United States d.partment of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Hepatopulmonary synd.ome(HPS)is characterized.by d.fects in oxygenation caused.by intra-pulmonary vasod.lation occurring because of chronic liver d.sease,portal hypertension,or congenital portosystemic *** implications of portal hypertension are very well-known,however,awareness of its effect on multiple organs such as the lungs are less *** presence of HPS in chronic liver d.sease is associated.with increased.*** therapies available for HPS have not been proven effective and.d.finitive treatment for HPS is mainly liver transplantation(LT).LT improves mortality for patients with HPS *** article provid.s a review on the d.finition,clinical presentation,d.agnosis,and.management of HPS.

关键词： Hepatopulmonary synd.ome Chronic liver d.sease Hypoxemia Intrapulmonary vasod.latation Liver failure

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