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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： J.-R.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli J.domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3d hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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Crystal structure of a cell surface receptor（uPAR） in its ligand-free conformation reveals the exposure of an unusually large hydrophobic area

Crystal structure of a cell surface receptor（uPAR） in its ...

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第四届中国结构生物学学术讨论会

作者： Baoyu Zhao Cai Yuan Rui Li Michael Ploug nicolai Sidenius Mingdong Huang Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter The Chinese Academy of Sciences Finsen Laboratory Rigshospitalet & Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC) Copenhagen Biocenter Ole Maal?es Vej 5 DK-2200 Copenhagen N Denmark San Raffaele Scientific Institute

Proteins typically fold in a way to have their hydrophobic residues buried in the core of proteins while the hydrophilic residues exposed on protein surface. The exposure of large hydrophobic patch to solvent is thermodynamically unfavorable, and is not commonly observed. Cell surface receptor urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor（uPAR） has a large hydrophobic patch in its central ligand binding pocket. Upon the ligand（uPA） binding, this hydrophobic patch on uPAR is sequestered, forming a highly stable and tight-binding complex（Qing Huai, 2006）. The crystallization of uPAR ectodomains in its ligand-free conformation is expected to be difficult, but has been a long sought goal. With the help of an anti-uPAR antibody（8B12）, we recently succeed to crystallize the uPAR:8B12 complex in the absence of any ligands, and determined the crystal structure of uPAR in the ligand-free conformation. Surprisingly, uPAR adopts a conformation similar to its ligand-bound state, exposing a large hydrophobic area to solvent. This observation is different from the previous speculation and biochemical studies（Cai Yuan, 2007 and Haydyn d. T. Mertens, 2012）. uPAR is a glycolipid-anchored cell surface receptor and consists of three Ly6/uPAR/α-neurotoxin-like（LU） domains. Extensive degree of inter-domain flexibility was expected and was indeed observed in solution by biochemical studies including small angle X-ray scattering. However, Our recent uPAR:8B12 structure showed no inter-domain flexibility and the conformation of unliganded uPAR is identical to the ligand-bound conformation. Further functional studies are underway to examine the functional consequences of these structural observations.

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Multibeam laser±plasma interaction at the Gekko Ⅻ laser facility in conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期 75-85页

作者： G.Cristoforetti P.Koester S.Atzeni d.Batani S.Fujioka Y.Hironaka S.Hüller T.Idesaka K.Katagiri K.Kawasaki R.Kodama d.Mancelli Ph.nicolai N.Ozaki A.Schiavi K.Shigemori R.Takizawa T.Tamagawa d.Tanaka A.Tentori Y.Umeda A.Yogo L.A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory 2. dipartimento SBAI Università di Roma ‘La Sapienza' 3. Université BordeauxCNRS CEA CELIA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRS IP ParisEcole Polytechnique Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University

Laser±plasma interaction and hot electrons have been characterized in detail in laser irradiation conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. The experiment was carried out at the Gekko XII laser facility in multibeam planar target geometry at an intensity of approximately 3 × 1015W/cm2. Experimental data suggest that high-energy electrons, with temperatures of 20-50 ke V and conversion efficiencies of η duced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay(TPd). Stimulated Raman scattering(SRS) is observed in a near-threshold growth regime, producing a reflectivity of approximately 0.01%, and is well described by an analytical model accounting for the convective growth in independent speckles. The experiment reveals that both TPd and SRS are collectively driven by multiple beams, resulting in a more vigorous growth than that driven by single-beam laser intensity.

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Multibeam laser-plasma interaction at the Gekko XII laser facility in conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 70-80页

作者： G.Cristoforetti P.Koester S.Atzeni d.Batani S.Fujioka Y.Hironaka S.Hüller T.Idesaka K.Katagiri K.Kawasaki R.Kodama d.Mancelli Ph.nicolai N.Ozaki A.Schiavi K.Shigemori R.Takizawa T.Tamagawa d.Tanaka A.Tentori Y.Umeda A.Yogo L.A.Gizzi Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory INO-CNRPisaItaly dipartimento SBAI Universitàdi Roma‘La Sapienza’RomaItaly UniversitéBordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalenceFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Centre de Physique Théorique CPHT CNRSIP ParisEcole PolytechniquePalaiseauFrance Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers Hellenic Mediterranean University Research CentreRethymnonGreece Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto UniversitySennanOsakaJapan

Laser–plasma interaction and hot electrons have been characterized in detail in laser irradiation conditions relevant for direct-drive inertial confinement *** experiment was carried out at the Gekko XII laser facility in multibeam planar target geometry at an intensity of approximately 3×10^(15)W/cm^(2).Experimental data suggest that high-energy electrons,with temperatures of 20–50 keV and conversion efficiencies ofηduced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay(TPd).Stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)is observed in a near-threshold growth regime,producing a reflectivity of approximately 0.01%,and is well described by an analytical model accounting for the convective growth in independent *** experiment reveals that both TPd and SRS are collectively driven by multiple beams,resulting in a more vigorous growth than that driven by single-beam laser intensity.

关键词： inertial confinement fusion laser plasma interaction parametric instabilities

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PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF RESISTANCY ANd SENSITIVITY OF ORGANISM TO MUTAGENS

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癌变．畸变．突变 1991年第S1期3卷 73-73页

作者： nicolai N Ilyinskikh d.R.Urmancheev Hedical Institute634050 Tomsk-50a/ya 808USSR

Using micronuclear and dNA-reparative teststhere were made examinations of more than1000 healthy people having contacts with potential mutagens due to their *** 2,5％ cases there were revealed

关键词： contacts dNA occupation reduc dialdehyde aberration elevation macrophages marked elevated

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Time evolution of stimulated Raman scattering and two-plasmon decay at laser intensities relevant for shock ignition in a hot plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 142-155页

作者： G.Cristoforetti L.Antonelli d.Mancelli S.Atzeni F.Baffigi F.Barbato d.Batani G.Boutoux F.d'Amato J.dostal R.dudzak E.Filippov Y.J.Gu L.Juha O.Klimo M.Krus S.Malko A.S.Martynenko Ph.nicolai V.Ospina S.Pikuz O.Renner J.Santos V.T.Tikhonchuk J.Trela S.Viciani L.Volpe S.Weber L.A.Gizzi National Institute of Optics CNRPisa and FlorenceItaly York Plasma Physics Institute University of YorkHe slingtonYorkUK Universite de Bordeaux CNRSCEACELIATalenceFrance donostia International Physics Center(diPC) Donostia/San SebastianBasque CountrySpain dipartimento SBAI Universita di Roma La SapienzaRomaItaly National Research Nuclear University MEPhl MoscowRussia CEA DAMDIFArpajonFrance department of Radiation and Chemical Physics Institute of Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic Laser Plasma department Institute of Plasma Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic Joint Institute for High Temperature RAS MoscowRussia ELI-Beamlines Institute of Physics of the CASPragueCzech Republic FNSPE Czech Technical University in PraguePragueCzech Republic Universidad de Salamanca Ctr Laseres PulsadosSalamancaSpain Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) VillamayorSalamancaSpain

Laser–plasma interaction(LPI)at intensities 1015–1016 W·cm^-2 is dominated by parametric instabilities which can be responsible for a significant amount of non-collisional absorption and generate large fluxes of high-energy nonthermal *** a regime is of paramount importance for inertial confinement fusion(ICF)and in particular for the shock ignition *** this paper we report on an experiment carried out at the Prague Asterix Laser System(PALS)facility to investigate the extent and time history of stimulated Raman scattering(SRS)and two-plasmon decay(TPd)instabilities,driven by the interaction of an infrared laser pulse at an intensity^1.2×1016 W·cm^-2 with a^100μm scalelength plasma produced from irradiation of a flat plastic *** laser pulse duration(300 ps)and the high value of plasma temperature(~4 ke V)expected from hydrodynamic simulations make these results interesting for a deeper understanding of LPI in shock ignition *** results show that absolute TPd/SRS,driven at a quarter of the critical density,and convective SRS,driven at lower plasma densities,are well separated in time,with absolute instabilities driven at early times of interaction and convective backward SRS emerging at the laser peak and persisting all over the tail of the ***-scattering SRS,driven at low plasma densities,is also clearly *** results are compared to fully kinetic large-scale,two-dimensional ***-in-cell results,beyond reproducing the framework delineated by the experimental measurements,reveal the importance of filamentation instability in ruling the onset of SRS and stimulated Brillouin scattering instabilities and confirm the crucial role of collisionless absorption in the LPI energy balance.

关键词： plasma simulations shock ignition stimulated Raman scattering two-plasmon decay

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Assembly of Oligoglycine Layers on Mica Surface

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第1期2卷 91-97页

作者： Svetlana V. Tsygankova Alexander A. Chinarev Alexander B. Tuzikov Ilya S. Zaitsev Nikolai Severin Alexey A. Kalachev Jurgen P. Rabe nicolai V. Bovin 不详

Assembly of [Gly7-NHCH2-]4C, [Gly7-NHCH2-]3C CH3 and [Gly4NH(CH2)5-]2 peptides on mica surface in aqueous so-lution was studied. The peptides are capable of forming atomically smooth (2.65-4.3 nm in height) layers assembled as polyglycine II. Monomers in the layers are situated normally to the surface. Formation of analogous flat 2d structures also takes place in solution but much more slowly than on mica surface, i.e. negatively charged surface plays an active role promoting the assembly.

关键词： Self-Assembling Oligoglycine Scanning Force Microscopy Monolayers

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一颗新星的诞生

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桥牌 2022年第1期 26-27页

作者： KjaernsrФd 挪威

快看!新的海尔格尼斯(意为Helgemo与Helness,挪威的海海组合)和麦克威尔(意为Meckstroth与Rodwell,美国的麦罗组合)来了!新生代正在采取行动。在高于海平面1000米,风景如画的Storefjell度假胜地举行的2021年挪威双人冠军赛,一位13岁的少... 详细信息

快看!新的海尔格尼斯(意为Helgemo与Helness,挪威的海海组合)和麦克威尔(意为Meckstroth与Rodwell,美国的麦罗组合)来了!新生代正在采取行动。在高于海平面1000米,风景如画的Storefjell度假胜地举行的2021年挪威双人冠军赛,一位13岁的少年,nicolai Heiberg-Evenstad,和他的父亲Stian搭档,获得了银牌。这是挪威公开双人赛,乃至世界范围内公开双人赛历史上最年轻的奖牌获得者。

关键词：度假胜地一颗新星冠军赛风景如画奖牌挪威

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