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Agricultural sciences 2024年第1期15卷 82-113页

作者： salwinder singh dhaliwal Arvind Kumar shukla sanjib Kumar Behera sarwan Kumar dubey Agniva Mandal Mehakpreet Kaur Randhawa sharanjit Kaur brar Gagandeep Kaur Amardeep singh Toor sohan singh Walia Priyadarshani Arun Khambalkar department of soil science Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India Rajmata Vijayaraje scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya Gwalior India Indian Institute of soil science (Isss) Bhopal India Indian Council of Agricultural Research—Central soil salinity Research Institute (ICAR-CssRI) Karnal India department of Agricultural Chemistry and.soil science Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Mohanpur India department of Crop and.soil sciences Washington State University Pullman USA school of Organic Farming Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India department of soil science Rajmata Vijayaraje Sciendia Krishi Viswa Vidalaya Gwalior India

Ploughing and fertilization practices in rice-wheat system have deteriorated the soil carbon (C) pools. Conservation agriculture (CA) based management approaches have proven to enhance C sequestration and reverse the loss of soil-organic-carbon (sOC), which further enhances soil fertility. different fractions of sOC pools react to the alterations in management practices and indicate changes in sOC dynamics as compared to total C in the soil. Higher sOC levels in soil have been observed in case of reduced/no-till (NT) practices than conventional tillage (CT). However, between CT and zero tillage/NT, total sOC stocks diminished with an increase in soil depth, which demonstrated that the benefits of sOC are more pronounced in the topsoil under NT. soil aggregation provid.s physical protection to C associated with different-sized particles, thus, the improvement in soil aggregation through CA is an effective way to mitigate soil C loss. Along with less soil d.sturbance, residual management, suitable crop rotation, rational application of manures and fertilizers, and integrated nutrient management have been found to be effective in not only improving soil C stock but also enhancing the soil health and productivity. Thus, CA can be considered as a potential method in the build-up of sOC of soil in rice-wheat system.

关键词： Tillage Conservation Agriculture soil Organic Carbon Carbon Fractions Rice-Wheat system Organic Amendments

Verteporfin synergizes the efflcacy of anti-Pd-1 in cholangiocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic d.seases International 2022年第5期21卷 485-492页

作者： Jianyang Fu Nicole A McGrath Jihye Lee Xin Wang Gagandeep brar Changqing Xie Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA

Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is one of the primary hepatobiliary malignant neoplasms with only 10%of 5-year survival *** immunotherapy with the blockade of immune checkpoints has no clear benefit in *** inhibition of YAP1 signaling by verteporfin has shown encouraging results by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing *** study aimed to evaluate the potential benefit of the combination of verteporfin and anti-programmed cell death 1(Pd-1)in CCA mouse ***:We assessed the cytotoxicity of verteporfin in human CCA cell lines in vitro,including both intrahepatic CCA and extrahepatic CCA *** examined the in vitro effect of verteporfin on cell proliferation,apoptosis,and *** evaluated the in vivo efflcacy of verteporfin,anti-Pd-1,and a combination of both in subcutaneous CCA mouse ***:Our study showed that verteporfin reduced tumor cell growth and enhanced apoptosis of human CCA tumor cells in vitro in a d.se-dependent ***,verteporfin impaired.stemness evidenced by reduced.spheroid formation and colony formation,decreased numbers of cells with aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and positive cancer stem cell markers(all Pd anti-Pd-1 reduced tumor burden in CCA subcutaneous sB1 tumor model compared to either agent ***:Verteporfin exhibits antitumor effects in both intrahepatic and extrahepatic CCA cell lines and the combination with anti-Pd-1 inhibited tumor growth.

关键词： Verteporfin YAP1 Anti-programmed cell death-1 Immunotherapy Cholangiocarcinoma

Variation among poplar clones for growth and crown traits under field conditions at two sites of North-western India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 61-67页

作者： G.P.s. dhillon Avtar singh d.s. sidhu H.s. brar department of Forestry & Natural Resources Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana 141 004India. Punjab Agriculture University Regional Research StationBathinda151 001 PunjabIndia.

We evaluated the growth and crown traits of 36 poplar clones at two d.stinct agro-climatic regions of Punjab （Ludhiana and Bathinda） in northwestern India, following randomized block d.sign with three replications and plot size of four trees. significant differences among clones （p〈0.001） were observed for diameter at breast height （dBH）, tree height, volume, crown width and number of branches under both the site conditions. Clones ‘G-3’, ‘25-N’ and ‘41-N’ at Ludhiana and ‘G-3’, ‘Rd-01’ and ‘s7C8’ at Bathinda were found to be superior for volume production. All growth and crown traits registered.significantly higher values at Ludhiana in comparison to those at Bathinda. Clone site interaction was also significant （p〈0.001）. For volume, clones ‘L-62/84’, ‘113520’, ‘25-N’ and ‘s4C2’ witnessed huge fluctuations in ranking between sites. The correlations between growth traits were positive and highly significant （p〈0.001） at both sites. The clonal mean heritability was moderate for dBH and volume both at Ludhiana （0.61–0.66） and Bathinda （0.61–0.62）. Across sites, the genetic advance was the highest for volume （49.76%） and the lowest （6.50%） in case of height.

关键词： clonal heritability clonal selection clone-site interaction genetic correlation Populus deltoid.s

Genomic prediction of Fusarium head blight resistance in early stages using advanced breeding lines in hard winter wheat

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The Crop Journal 2022年第6期10卷 1695-1704页

作者： Jinfeng Zhang Harsimardeep s.Gill Navreet K.brar Jyotirmoy Halder shaukat Ali Xiaotian Liu Amy Bernardo Paul st.Amand Guihua Bai Upinder s.Gill Brent Turnipseed.sunish K.sehgal department of Agronomy Horticulture&Plant ScienceSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA school of Computing Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada UsdA-ARs Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA department of Plant Pathology North Dakota State UniversityFargoND 58108USA

Fusarium head blight(FHB),also known as scab,is a devastating fungal d.sease of wheat that causes significant losses in grain yield and *** inheritance and cumbersome phenotyping make FHB resistance a challenging trait for direct selection in wheat *** selection to predict FHB resistance traits has shown promise in several ***,we used univariate and multivariate genomic prediction models to evaluate the prediction accuracy(PA)for different FHB traits using 476elite and advanced breeding lines developed by south dakota state University hard winter wheat breeding *** breeding lines were assessed for FHB d.sease index(d.s),and percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels(FdK)in three FHB nurseries in 2018,2019,and 2020(TP18,TP19,and TP20)and were evaluated as training populations(TP)for genomic prediction(GP)of FHB *** observed a moderate PA using univariate models for d.s(0.39 and 0.35)and FdK(0.35 and 0.37)using TP19 and TP20,respectively,while slightly higher PA was observed(0.41 for d.s and 0.38 for FdK)when TP19 and TP20(TP19+20)were combined to leverage the advantage of a large training *** GP with multivariate approach including plant height and days to heading as covariates did not significantly improve PA for d.s and FdK over univariate models,PA for dON increased by 20%using d.s,FdK,dTH as covariates using multi-trait model in ***,we used TP19,TP20,and TP19+20 in forward prediction to calculate genomic-estimated breeding values(GEBVs)for d.s and FdK in preliminary breeding lines at an early stage of the breeding *** observed moderate PA of up to 0.59 for d.s and 0.54for FdK,demonstrating the promise in genomic prediction for FHB resistance in earlier stages using advanced *** results suggest GP for expensive FHB traits like dON and FdK can facilitate the rejection of highly susceptible materials at an early stage in a breeding program.

关键词： FHB GBs Genomic selection Multi-trait models Winter wheat Wheat scab

sensitivity of Labile soil Organic Carbon Pools to Long-Term Fertilizer, straw and Manure Management in Rice-Wheat system

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Ped.sphere 2015年第4期25卷 534-545页

作者： dinesh K.BENBI Kiranvir brar Amardeep s.TOOR shivani sHARMA department of soil science Punjab Agricultural University

Labile soil organic carbon(sOC) pools, estimated through chemical fractionation techniques, are considered.sensitive indicators of management-induced changes in quality and composition of soil organic matter. Although the impacts of organic manure and crop residue applications on C sequestration in rice-wheat system are fairly well documented, their influence on labile sOC pools is relatively less known. Impacts of organic manure, rice straw, and inorganic fertilizer nitrogen(N) applications on soil total organic carbon(TOC)and.sOC pools including water-extractable organic C(WEOC), hot water-soluble organic C(HWOC), potassium permanganateoxidizable organic C(KMnO 4-C), microbial biomass C(MBC), mineralizable organic C(Cmin), and the oxidizable fractions of decreasing oxidizability(easily-oxidizable, oxidizable, and weakly-oxidizable) were investigated in an 11-year field experiment under rice-wheat system. The field experiment included treatments of different combinations of farmyard manure, rice straw, and fertilizer N application rates, with C inputs estimated to be in the range from 23 to 127 Mg ha-1. After 11 years of experiment, WEOC,HWOC, and KMnO 4-C were 0.32%–0.50%, 2.2%–3.3%, and 15.0%–20.6% of TOC, respectively. The easily-oxidizable, oxidizable,and weakly-oxidizable fractions were 43%–57%, 22%–27%, and 10%–19% of TOC, respectively. The applications of farmyard manure and rice straw improved WEOC, HWOC, KMnO 4-C, easily-oxidizable fraction, Cmin, and MBC, though the rates of change varied considerably from-14% to 145% and-11% to 83% of TOC, respectively. At the C input levels between 29 and 78 Mg C ha-1during the 11-year period, the greatest increase was observed in WEOC and the minimum in KMnO 4-C. Water-extractable organic C exhibited a relatively greater sensitivity to management than TOC, suggesting that it may be used as a sensitive indicator of management-induced changes in soil organic matter under rice-wheat system. All the other labile sOC pools

关键词：土壤有机碳库水稻秸秆有机肥敏感性管理长期施肥系统小麦

Genetic diversity Based on Allozyme Alleles of Chinese Cultivated Rice

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Agricultural sciences in China 2007年第6期6卷 641-646页

作者： TANG sheng-xiang WEI Xing-hua JIANG Yun-zhu d.s brar G sKhush state Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 P.R.China International Rice Research Institute Manila Philippines

Genetic diversity was analyzed with 6 632 core rice cultivars selected from 60 282 Chinese rice accessions on the basis of 12 allozyme loci, Pgil, Pgi2, Amp1, Amp2, Amp3, Amp4, sdhl, Adhl, Estl, Est2, Est5 and Est9, by starch gel electrophoresis. Among the materials examined, 52 alleles at 12 polymorphic loci were identified, which occupied 96.3% of 54 alleles found in cultivated germplasm of O. sativa L. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7 with an average of 4.33. The gene diversity （He） each locus varied considerably from 0.017 for Amp4 to 0.583 for Est2 with an average gene diversity （Ht） 0.271, mid.shannon-Wiener index from 0.055 to 0.946 with an average of 0.468. The degree of polymorphism （dP） was in a range from 0.9 to 46.9% with an average of 21.4%. It was found that the genetic diversity in japonica （Keng） subspecies was lower in terms of allele＇s number, Ht and.s-W index, being 91.8, 66.2 and 75.7% of indica （Hsien） one, respectively. significant genetic differentiation between indica and japonica rice has been appeared in the loci Pgil, Amp2, Pgi2, and Est2, with higher average coefficient of genetic differentiation （Gst） 0.635, 0.626, 0.322 and 0.282, respectively. Except less allele number per locus （3.33） for modern cultivars, being 76.9% of landraces, the Ht and.s-W index showed in similar between the modem cultivars and the landraces detected. In terms of allozyme, the rice cultivars in the southwest Plateau and Central China have richer genetic diversity. The present study reveals again that Chinese cultivated rice germplasm has rich genetic diversity, showed by the allozyme allele variation.

关键词： cultivated rice allozyme analysis genetic diversity genetic differentiation

Visco chop-a new technique for nucleus separation for soft cataracts in femtolaser assisted cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 843-845页

作者： sri Ganesh sheetal brar department of Phacorefractive Nethradhama Superspeciality Eye Hospital

INTROdUCTION Femtosecond laser technology,introduced clinically for ophthalmic surgery as a technique for creating lamellar flaps in laser in situ keratomileusis(LAsIK),has recently been developed into a tool for cataract *** experience for femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery show appropriate safety and efficacy,and possible advantage over conventional cataract surgery[1-4].The ability of the femtosecond laser to fragment the lens results in the need for less ultrasound energy to be expended inside the *** studies indicate that less effective phacoemulsification time is needed to emulsify the lens

关键词： Visco chop-a new technique for nucleus separation for soft cataracts in femtolaser assisted cataract surgery OVd

Identifying barriers to early diagnosis of breast cancer and perception of women in Malwa region of Punjab,India

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Global Health Journal 2023年第1期7卷 34-42页

作者： Kuljinder Kaur Rachana Jajoo subh Naman Tanushka Kandwal Gunteshwar singh brar Pardeep Garg Pritpal singh Bhullar Ashish Baldi Pharma Innovation Lab Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyMaharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India University Business school Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India Ad.sh Institute of Medical science and Research Adesh UniversityBathindaPunjab 151001India department of Radiation Oncology Guru Gobind Singh Medical College&HospitalFaridkotPunjab 151001India

Objective:The aim of present study is to identify the breast cancer screening barriers among the women with breast cancer of Malwa region of Punjab,*** study was conducted at three government hospitals representing almost all d.stricts of Malwa ***:The quantitative research d.sign was followed using empirical research *** was carried out by one-to-one interview by the field investigator and research *** of 363 breast cancer patient has been interviewed through the scheduled questionnaire and results has been recorded for further *** this study,five barriers are d.scribed namely as personal barriers,socio-cultural barriers,economic barriers,healthsystem barriers,and treatment barriers which contains various questions regarding barriers to breast cancer *** analysis methods have been used for the analysis to access the socio-demographic profile of *** has been obtained with the help of 5-point liker *** logistic model was ***:Majority of participants were in the age groups 50-s(3&6%,140/363)and>60 years(31.1%,112/363).Majority of these women(47.4%,171/363)were illiterate and most of them were *** major barriers to breast cancer screening faced by most of the women were having no knowledge about screening services(90.9%,329/363),the importance of early diagnosis(90.9%,329/363),different screening methods(95.5%,347/363)and place of availing screening services(91.2%,330/363)misguided belief in God and fate(81.5%,295/363)and preferring duties than taking care of health(70.2%,254/363).Education qualification(od.s ratio[OR]0.74,β'=-0.309,t=-5.357,P=0.000)and.socioeconomic class(OR 1.43,β’=0.354,t=3.399,P=0.001)were found to be significant determinant of the barriers among ***:The survey was conducted in the women between the age 40-60 years and as an outcome,the unawareness about screening services,fatalistic attitude,fear of being diagnosed with the c

关键词： Breast cancer Malwa region Family history Puberty screening methods signs and.symptoms Risk factors

Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)by fungal enzymes:A review

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第1期29卷 52-74页

作者： Tayssir Kadri Tarek Rouissi satinder Kaur brar Maximiliano Cledon saurabhjyoti sarma Mausam Verma INRs-ETE Universite du Quebec490 Rue de la CouronneQuebecQC G1K 9A9Canada CO2 solutions Inc. 2300rue Jean-PerrinQuebecQC G2C 1T9Canada

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） are a large group of *** represent an important concern due to their wid.spread d.stribution in the environment,their resistance to biodegradation,their potential to bioaccumulate and their harmful *** pilot treatments have been implemented to prevent economic consequences and deterioration of soil and water *** a promising option,fungal enzymes are regarded as a powerful choice for degradation of *** chrysosporium,Pleurotus ostreatus and Bjerkandera ad.sta are most commonly used for the degradation of such compounds due to their production of ligninolytic enzymes such as lignin peroxid.se,manganese peroxid.se and *** rate of biodegradation depends on many culture conditions,such as temperature,oxygen,accessibility of nutrients and agitated or shallow ***,the addition of biosurfactants can strongly modify the enzyme *** removal of PAHs is dependent on the ionization *** study of the kinetics is not completely comprehended,and it becomes more challenging when fungi are applied for *** studies in soil are much more complicated than liquid cultures because of the heterogeneity of soil,thus,many factors should be considered when studying soil bioremediation,such as d.sorption and bioavailability of *** degradation pathways can be *** peroxid.ses are heme-containing enzymes having common catalytic *** molecule of hydrogen peroxide oxidizes the resting enzyme withdrawing two ***,the peroxid.se is reduced back in two steps of one electron *** are copper-containing *** reduce molecular oxygen to water and oxidize phenolic compounds.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Biodegradation Fungi Enzymes