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Changes in aminoacidergic and monoaminergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus and amygdala of rats after ayahuasca ingestion

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2013年第4期4卷 141-147页

作者： Eduardo Ferreira de Castro-Neto Rafael Henrique da Cunha dartiu Xavier da Silveira Mauricio Yonamine Telma Luciana Furtado Gouveia Esper Abr o Cavalheiro débora amado Maria da Gra a Naffah-Mazzacoratti departamento Neurologia/Neurocirurgia Universidade Federal de S o Paulo departamento de Psiquiatria Universidade Federal de S o Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas Universidade de S o Paulo departamento de Bioquímica Universidade Federal de S o Paulo

AIM: To evaluate changes in neurotransmission induced by a psychoactive beverage ayahuasca in the hippocampus and amygdala of naive rats. METHOdS: The level of monoamines, their main metabolites and amino acid neurotransmitters concentrations were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Four groups of rats were employed: saline-treated and rats receiving 250, 500 and 800 mg/kg of ayahuasca infusion(gavage). Animals were killed 40 min after drug ingestion and the structures stored at-80 ℃ until HPLC assay. The data from all groups were compared using Analysis of variance and Scheffé as post test and P d as significant. RESULTS: The results showed decreased concentrations of glycine(GLY)(0.13 ± 0.03 vs 0.29 ± 0.07, P d γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)(1.07 ± 0.14 vs 1.73 ± 0.25, P dala of rats that received 500 of ayahuasca. Animals that ingested 800 mg/kg of ayahuasca also showed a reduction of GLY level(0.11 ± 0.01 vs 0.29 ± 0.07, P d GABA(0.98 ± 0.06 vs 1.73 ± 0.25, P d GABA levels were found in rats that received all ayahuasca doses: 250 mg/kg(1.29 ± 0.19 vs 0.84 ± 0.21, P d 800 mg/kg(1.98 ± 0.92 vs 0.84 ± 0.21, P ddition, an increased utilization rate of all monoamines was found in the amygdala after ayahuasca administration in doses: 250 mg/kg(noradrenaline: 0.16 ± 0.02 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P dopamine: 0.39 ± 0.012 vs 2.39 ± 0.84, P drenaline: 0.08 ± 0.02 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P dopamine: 0.33 ± 0.19 vs 2.39 ± 0.84, P d 800 mg/kg(noradrenaline: 0.16 ± 0.04 vs 0.36 ± 0.06, P dopamine: 0.84 ± 0.65 vs2.39 ± 0.84, P data suggest increased release of inhibitory amin

关键词： Ayahuasca Amino Acids Monoamines Hippocampus Amygdala

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Ecology and local knowledge of the Baird’s tapir (Tapirella bairdii) in the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca, Mexico

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第5期11卷 361-374页

作者： Mario César LAVARIEGA NOLASCO Miguel BRIONES-SALAS amado MAZAS-TEOdOCIO Elvira dURÁN-MEdINA Interdisciplinary Research Center for Integral development Oaxaca UnitNational Polytechnic InstituteOaxacaMexico

As well as being of global cultural importance(from local tribal folklore to being an iconic species for conservation),the tapir plays an important role in its ecosystem as a herbivore and seed ***,the ecology and ethnozoology of the endangered Baird’s tapir in the north of Oaxaca,Mexico is poorly *** used camera traps to estimate its relative abundance and density and to describe the activity patterns of the northernmost population of Baird’s tapir in the Sierra Madre de *** knowledge concerning the tapir was also documented,along with the conservation strategies undertaken by the 2 indigenous communities that own the land where the study site is *** adult tapirs were photographed,and these were active 14 h per day,but were mainly nocturnal and *** estimated relative abundance(12.99±2.24 events/1000 camera days)and density values(0.07-0.24 individuals/km2)were both similar to those found in another site in Mexico located within a protected ***-structured interviews revealed that people have a basic understanding of the eating habits,activity and main predators of the *** were reports of hunting,although not among those respondents who regularly consume bush ***,the relative abundance and density estimates of tapir at the study site could be related to the favorable condition of the forest and the absence of hunting and consumption of tapir ***,the local people are conducting initiatives promoting the conservation of this ungulate and its habitat that combine to constitute a regional trend of habitat and wildlife protection.

关键词： camera-trapping density estimation random encounter model tapir conservation

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Cryopreservation of Cyrtopodium hatschbachii Pabst (Orchidaceae) immature seeds by encapsulation-dehydration

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BIOCELL 2012年第1期36卷 31-36页

作者： MAURO ROdRIGO SURENCISKI EdUARdO ALBERTO FLACHSLANd GRACIELA TERAdA LUIS amado MROGINSKI ANd HEBE YOLANdA REY Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste(IBONE) CONICET–UNNEFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias(UNNE)C.C.209(3400)CorrientesArgentina

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of the encapsulation-dehydration technique for cryopreservation of Cyrtopodium hastchbachii Pabst *** seeds of this species were cryopreserved by an encapsulation-dehydration *** of five immature pods,120 days after pollination,were encapsulated in 3%calcium alginate matrix and pretreated in liquid medium supplemented with 0.08 M sucrose(24 h),0.15 M sucrose(24 h),0.25 M sucrose(48 h),0.5 M sucrose(24 h)and 0.75 M sucrose(24 h)in shaker at 60 *** beads were dehydrated 5 h in silicagel and immersed in liquid nitrogen for 12 *** beads were thawed at 30℃ for 1 min,rehydrated using the same liquid mediums[0.75 M sucrose(24 h),0.5 M sucrose(24 h),0.25 M sucrose(48 h)and 0.15 M sucrose(24 h)]and cultivated in half strength Murashige&Skoog medium(1962)with the addition of 2 g/L activated *** four percent of seeds survived and developed into acclimatized plants after being *** this work,the encapsulation-dehydration technique was employed for first time in Cyrtopodium hatschbachii.

关键词： cryoconservation liquid nitrogen calcium alginate activated charcoal sucrose

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Inclusive housing program： The case of Oe-Cusse region in East Timor

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第1期6卷 74-88页

作者： Miguel P. amadoa Ines Ramalhete Antonio Ribeiro amado Joao C. Freitas CERIS - Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability IST Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa 1049-001 Portugal GEOTPU LAB Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidude de Lisboo Lisboo 1049-001 Portugul CCIAUd Faculty of Architecture Universidude de Lisboo Lisboo 1049-001 Portugal

Housing development has become one of the main strategies to alleviate impoverished communities in developing countries. In the past, policies and programs focused on either economic or social aspects, and numerous imported solutions had failed to produce satisfactory results. At present, holistic approaches integrating all dimensions of human activity and environmental impact are gaining recognition as suitable alternatives for various experiences in developing nations. However, these approaches do not properly consider the local context, which is different for each case, thereby leading to inadequate models and unsuccessful implementations. This paper presents a context-driven and integrated approach for rural areas in developing nations for one of the most basic human endeavors, i.e., constructing a house. The self-building process utilized in constructing houses is a major strategy to help communities overcome poverty. Such a house must be capable of accommodating economic activities; must be durable yet flexible in layout and size; and must offer all basic services, including water, sanitation, and energy. Consequently, the Inclusive Housing Program is developed and employed in Oe-Cusse, a remote region of East Timor, as an integral part of the Regional Plan.

关键词： developing countries Rural settlements Housing program Adaptive housing

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Comparison of white‑to‑white measurements using four devices and their determination of ICL sizing

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Eye and Vision 2024年第5期10卷 28-40页

作者： Robert Edward T.Ang Edward Kenneth F.Reyes Fernando amado J.Ayuyao Jr Maria Isabel N.Umali Emerson M.Cruz Asian Eye Institute Phinma PlazaRockwell Center8Th Floor1200 MakatiPhilippines Cardinal Santos Medical Center 10 Wilson St.Greenhills1502 San JuanPhilippines

Background:To compare the measurements obtained from the Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper and their effects on calculating the recommended implantable collamer lens(ICL)size and postoperative vault ***:This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients who underwent ICL surgery by a single surgeon from March 1,2018 to July 31,*** were reviewed for the anterior chamber depth(ACd)and white-to-white(WTW)measurements obtained from the Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,Pentacam AXL,and Castroviejo caliper(WTW only).These were used to calculate the recommended ICL *** actual ICL size implanted,and vault measurements obtained one month postoperatively were also ***:One hundred seven eyes with a mean age of 27.9±7.7 years were included in the *** WTW measurements were significantly different between devices(Pd the caliper having the lowest value(11.45±0.04 mm).Mean ACd measurements were the lowest in Orbscan II(3.12±0.25 mm)and the highest in Pentacam AXL(3.16±0.24 mm).The Pentacam AXL produced an ICL size similar to the Orbscan in 69.2%of *** IOLMaster yielded an ICL measurement one size larger than Orbscan-based calculations in 64.5%of *** the Orbscan WTW and ACd,the desired vault of 0.25 to 0.75 mm and 0.25 to 1.00 mm was achieved in 70%and 91%of eyes,*** caliper WTW to IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL WTW increases the percentage of achieving the desired vault to 80%,similar to the ***:The Orbscan II,IOLMaster 700,and Pentacam AXL cannot be used interchangeably for calculating ICL *** the WTW from caliper measurement with the ACd of the IOLMaster 700 or Pentacam AXL could improve ICL sizing and achieve a higher percentage of eyes with the desired vault.

关键词： ICL vault Orbscan II IOLMaster 700 Pentacam AXL Caliper

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Hydroethanolic extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaves improves hyperglycemia of streptozotocin induced neonatal diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第5期9卷 420-424页

作者： Silmara Baroni Bruno Ambrosio da Rocha Juliana Oliveira de Melo Jurandir Fernando Comar Silvana Martins Caparroz-Assef Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-amado department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic State University of MaringaParanaBrazil department of Biochemistry State University of MaringaParanaBrazil

Objective: To evaluate the effect of hydroethanolic extract of yacon on the hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin(STZ) in neonatal rats. Methods: Wistar rats aged two days old received an intraperitoneal injection of STZ(160 mg/kg); after seven weeks, glycosuria was determined and animals with glucose levels above 250 mg/d L were included in the study. Groups of diabetic and non-diabetic rats were treated orally with yacon extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg/d for 14 d. Tests were made for phytochemical characterization, glucose tolerance and toxicity. Results: The results showed that treatment with the extract reduced the glucose levels of fed diabetic rats and did not change the glucose levels of fasting diabetic and normal rats. Additionally, also it was observed that treatment with the extract reduced blood glucose levels of diabetic rats during the oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests. There was no change in body weight, liver enzymes or mortality with yacon extract treatment. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and gallic acid. Conclusions: The data suggest that yacon extract reduces hyperglycemia, possibly by improving insulin sensibility through its phytochemicals constituents(phenolic compounds).

关键词： Yacon extract Hyperglycemia Insulin sensibility Streptozotocin

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Oral pharmacological treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates with hemodynamic repercussions

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1080-1083页

作者： Clarissa de Albuquerque Botura Bruno Ambrósio da Rocha Thiely Balensiefer Franciele Queiroz Ames Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-amado Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman department of Medicine Faculdade Uningá department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics State University of Maringá Hospital Pharmacy at Santa Rita Hospital

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral indomethacin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol in oral dosage form on patent ductus arteriosus(PdA) in premature neonates with significant clinical and hemodynamic repercussions(CHRs) and to determine the effect of these respective treatments on renal ***: A retrospective study of cases of PdA in premature neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit was conducted. The treatments consisted of indomethacin[0.2 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], ibuprofen [10 mg/(kg$d) followed by 5 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], and paracetamol(15 mg/kg every 6 h, 5-day cycle). The drugs were administered as an oral solution. The following variables were considered: gestational age,newborn weight at birth, Apgar score, diuresis, serum creatinine and urea levels, and serum electrolyte levels(sodium and potassium).Results: Treatment with indomethacin presented efficacy of 87.5% in closure of the ductus with a mean outcome period of 3.5 d. In premature neonates with CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin, the initial treatment with either ibuprofen or paracetamol failed to close the ductus. However, when this treatment was followed by indomethacin, closure occurred in 66.7% of the neonates, with an outcome period of9.66 d. The initial treatment with one cycle of ibuprofen followed by one or two cycles of paracetamol failed to close the ***: Oral indomethacin was effective for closure of the PdA in premature neonates with severe CHRs. Oral paracetamol or ibuprofen for PdA closure in premature neonates with severe CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin was ***, results in clinical improvements of neonates allowed the subsequent use of indomethacin and successful closure of the ductus. A significant reduction of diuresis occurred in neonates who were treated with indomethacin, either as a first-line treatment or after the failure of ibuprofen or paracetamol.

关键词： Patent ductus arteriosus Premature neonatal Indomethacin Ibuprofen Paracetamol

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Pre Impoundment Studies in Monday River, Eastern Paraguay I: Soils and Submerged Soils

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 82-92页

作者： Juan F Facetti-Masulli Carmelo López amado González Hydroconsult SRL-Laboratory Asunción Z12 – Paraguay

Monday River, at Eastern Paraguay is located south of the Itaipu dam, and discharges into the Paraná River. At the point of discharge it has been projected to build a Hydroelectric power Plant and the reservoir will extend upstream the Monday. As a result of the impoundment of a river, the flooded soil can provide a certain amount of nutrients into the aqueous medium setting new conditions for aquatic life and affecting to a greater or lesser degree the ecosystems. The aim of this work is the assessment of the impact on the water quality of the incorporation of major nutrients into the water body after damming Monday River. Samples from soil profiles were taken at selected sites on both banks of the river;the amount of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium as well as other parameters as pH, organic matter, exchangeable bases were determined using standard procedures. Granulometric analysis was also performed. Phosphorus availability was determined by isotopic exchange. In addition the samples were submitted to submersion/incubation experiments along 60 days, and the concentration of elements incorporated into the water analyzed. Results show that flooded soils are low in phosphorus and nitrogen which is scarce in some cases;so does other nutrients. Submersion experiments also indicate generally limited incorporation of such nutrients into the water body. Significant negative impact of these soils on the water quality of the reservoir cannot be expected.

关键词： Alto Paraná dpt Monday River Soils E-value Incubation experiments

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Evaluation under Semi-Controlled Conditions of the Pathogenicity of Three Isolates of Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. & M.A Curt.)

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第3期14卷 356-367页

作者： Bawomon Fidèle Neya amado Sawadogo Tounwendsida Abel Nana Kadidia Koita University Center of Gaoua Nazi BONI University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Life and Earth Sciences Unit Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) late leaf spot is an important disease caused by Phaeoisariopsis personata (Berk. Et M. A Curt.). This fungus is responsible for the most damaging leaf spots in peanut production. The present experiment was undertaken to evaluate the pathogenic variability of Phaeoisariopsis personata in Burkina Faso. To this end, detached leaves and healthy plants of three peanut varieties were inoculated. Isolates I3TF, I2TG and I1TK of the pathogen (105 conidia/ml), collected respectively in the western, central and eastern agroecological zones of country, were used. The inoculated leaves were kept in Petri dishes on moist blotting paper and stored in the laboratory during the experimental period. The inoculated plants were grown under glass in pots containing a mixture of sterilized sand and clay. The development of disease was monitored and severity was scored every 15 days using rating scale. The results obtained in the laboratory and in the greenhouse revealed that there is pathogenic variability in the isolates tested. Indeed, for each variety, the highest severity score was recorded in plants inoculated with isolate I3TF and the lowest severity score with isolate I1TG. In the laboratory the severity scores ranged from 6.76 to 8.80 in TS32-1, 6.18 to 8.29 in SH70P and 5.98 to 7.92 in PC79-79. In the greenhouse, the average severity scores ranged from 5.61 to 8.33 in TS32-1, from 5.19 to 8.00 in SH70P, from 4.90 to 7.50 in PC79-79. Thus, the variety TS32-1 was the most susceptible to all three isolates of the pathogen.

关键词： Peanut Late Leaf Spot Pathogenic Variability Severity Score Isolate

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Plasma betatrophin levels in patients with liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10662-10668页

作者： Maria Teresa Arias-Loste Maria Teresa García-Unzueta Susana Llerena Paula Iruzubieta Angela Puente Joaquín Cabezas Carmen Alonso Antonio Cuadrado José Antonio amado Javier Crespo Emilio Fábrega Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Marqués de Valdecilla University HospitalInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria ValdecillaAvenida Valdecilla s/n 39008 Santander Cantabria Spain Endocrinology Unit Marqués de Valdecilla University HospitalInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla Avenida Valdecilla s/n 39008 Santander Cantabria Spain

AIM: To investigate the plasma levels of betatrophin in patients with ***: Forty patients diagnosed at the clinic with liver cirrhosis according to biological, ultrasonographic,or histological criteria were *** severity of cirrhosis was classified according to Pugh's modification of Child's classification and MELd score. Insulin resistance(IR) was assessed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment. A total of 20 patients showed a MELd score higher than 14. The control group consisted in 15 sex-and aged-matched *** blood samples were obtained for subsequent analysis. Serum insulin was determined by Liaison automated immune chemiluminiscence assay(diaSorin S.p.A.) using a sandwich assay. The sensitivity of the assay was 0.2 μU/mL. The intra and interassay variation coefficients were d d17 μU/mL. Human active betatrophin was analyzed by specific quantitative sandwich ELISA(Aviscera Bioscience). The sensitivity of the assay was 0.4 ng/mL, and the intra and interassay reproducibility wered d in patients with cirrhosis compared with those in healthy subjects(P = 0.0001). Betatrophin levels were also associated with disease severity, being higher in Child-Pugh C patients compared to Child-Pugh B(Pd in patients who displayed a MELd score higher than 14 points compared to patients with lower punctuation(P = 0.01). In addition, we found a positive correlation between plasma betatrophin levels and the severity of cirrhosis according to Child-Pugh classification(r = 0.53; P d score(r = 0.45; P derate correlation between serum betatrophin and plasmatic bilirrubin(r= 0.39; P d, as well as an inverse correlation between betatrophin and albumin(r =-0.41; P < 0.01) or prothrombin time(r =-0.44;P <0.01). Moreover, insulin

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Betatrophin Insulin resistance Bet

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