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Obstetrical and Perinatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancies in Cameroon: A Retrospective Cohort Study at the YaoundéGeneral Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第2期5卷 88-93页

作者： Jean Dupont Kemfang Ngowa Jean Marie Kasia Walter Dobgima Pisoh Anny Ngassam cyrille noa Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a serious health and social problem worldwide as well as in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to determine the obstetrical and perinatal outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies in a reference hospital in Cameroon. Methods: A retrospective cohort study to compare the outcomes of nulliparous adolescent pregnancies to those of nulliparous women aged 20 to 25 years was carried out at the Yaoundé General Hospital between January 1993 and December 2012. Results: Adolescent deliveries represented 2.84% (331 deliveries) of all deliveries registered during the study period. The adolescent mothers had a significantly higher incidence of preeclampsia/eclampsia, preterm delivery and low birth weight babies (<2500 g) when compared to the control group (OR, 3.46;CI 95%, 1.46 - 8.18;OR, 1.94 CI 95%, 1.34 - 2.79;OR, 1.98, CI 95%, 1.39 - 2.46, respectively). However, placenta previa, abruptio placenta, episiotomy, cesarean section, vaginal instrumental delivery, perineal tears and post partum hemorrhage were not significantly different in the two groups. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding fetal distress, low Apgar score (st and 5th minutes), the rate of admission in the neonatal intensive care unit, stillbirth and neonatal death. Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia/ eclampsia, preterm birth and low birth weight.

关键词： Adolescent Pregnancy Perinatal and Obstetrical Outcome Preterm Birth Low Birth Weight

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The Interest of Endoscopy in the Diagnosis of Fallopian Tubes Diseases at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (Ygoph)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第4期13卷 767-774页

作者： cyrille Léger Abega Claude cyrille noa Ndoua Irène Nadine Kouna Tsala Arielle Fonkou Gladys Ngono Ateba Tobie Eric Ntsobe Jean Cédric Fouda Rosine Mafoma Pascal Foumane Mother and Child Center Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Gyneco-Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medecine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Fallopian diseases are often implicated in female infertility. Several radiological and surgical explorations have been proposed in order to evaluate the severity of lesions found in utero-adnexal pathology. Among tools that are used to investigate such pathologies, we have ultrasound, hysterosalpingography and endoscopy. But, in many developing countries like Cameroon, the usage of endoscopy in gynecology is not yet known by many practicians. The objective of our study was to show the interest of endoscopy in the diagnosis of fallopian tube pathologies. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive study from March 1st, 2017 to May 31st, 2017 at the Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatric department of our Hospital. We included all women who presented infertility and underwent ultrasound, hysterosalpingography (HSG) and endoscopy at the Yaoundé Gyneco-obstetrics Hospital. We analyzed epidemiological parameters, clinics, ultrasound, hysterosalpingography and endoscopic finding. We used Cohen’s Kappa test to determine the correlation between HSG/endoscopy and ultrasound/endoscopy in the diagnosis of fallopian tube pathologies. The threshold was significant for a K-value > 0.20. Results: We got a sample of 156 women;the mean age was 32.6 ± 4.5 years. The Secondary infertility dominated in 66.7% of cases;31.1% of women presented a past medical history of sexually transmitted infections and 41.7% did abortions before. Endoscopic lesions were dominated by a fallopian obstruction in 54.5% of cases, 8.3% of adhesions, 33.9% of women presented uterine myomas, 37.8% of ovarian cysts and 1.3% of pelvic endometriosis. The K-values between HSG and endoscopy for distal and proximal tube obstructions were significant with respective thresholds of 0.25 and 0.30. The K-value between ultrasound and endoscopy was not significant with a threshold of 0.015 for the tubal hydrosalpinx. Conclusion: Endoscopy assessment appears as the most efficien

关键词： Fallopian Tube Endoscopy Hysterosalpingography Ultrasound

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Predictive Factors for Pre-Eclampsia: A Case-Control Study in Two Hospitals in Yaounde

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 565-574页

作者： Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Ines Winnie Gouanfo Claude Hector Mbia Wilfried Loic Tatsipie Pascal Mpono Madye Ngo Dingom Felix Essiben Claude cyrille noa Ndoua Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality, that complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for pre-eclampsia in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics department of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Main Maternity of the Yaoundé Central Hospital (MM-YCH) from February 1 to July 30, 2022. The cases were all pregnant women presenting with pre-eclampsia. The control group included pregnant women without pre-eclampsia. Descriptive statistics followed by logistic regression analyses were conducted with level of significance set at p-value Results: Included in the study were 33 cases and 132 controls, giving a total of 165 participants. The predictive factors for pre-eclampsia after multivariate analysis were: primiparity (aOR = 51.86, 95% CI: 3.01 - 1230.96, p = 0.045), duration of exposure to partner’s sperm Conclusion: The odds of pre-eclampsia increased with primiparity, duration of exposure to partner’s sperm < 3 months, personal history of pre-eclampsia and maternal history of pre-eclampsia. Recognition of these predictor factors would improve the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop pre-eclampsia before the onset of disease for timely interventions.

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Predictive Factors Yaoundé

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Determinants of Early Survival of Breast Cancer Patients in Yaoundé-Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 487-501页

作者： Um Esther Meka Ngo Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Kodoumé Motolouze Naomi Marie Laurene Ndtoungou Schouame Obalemba Etienne Atenguena Claude cyrille noa Ndoua Robinson Enow Mbu Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Hospital Center for Research and Application in Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproduction Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. We carried out this study with the aim of evaluating the determinants of early survival of women with breast cancer in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methodology: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection of breast cancer patients during 6 years in two Hospitals of Yaoundé from January 2017 to December 2022. We consulted the files in search of epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and survival variables. We completed the survival data directly from the patients or their relatives after their consent. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 23.0 software. Survival analysis was done using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves were compared using the Log Rank test. Factors influencing survival were evaluated using the Cox model. The significance threshold (P value) was set at 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. The study was approved by the ethics committees. Results: We included 500 patients whose ages varied between 22 and 83 years with a mean age of 47.19 ± 11.61 years. The most represented age group was 30 to 45 years old (45.8%). Less than half (41.6%) were postmenopausal. The most frequent reason for consultation was a breast lump (79.9%). The most common clinical stage at presentation was stage-3 (47.6%). Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most represented histological type (84.7%). The most represented histological grade was grade 2 (40.2%). Immunohistochemistry was performed in 34.20% of cases. The most represented molecular subtype was triple negative (41.8%) followed by Luminal A (30%). Concerning treatment, 17.2% did not receive any, 45% had surgery, 79.4% had chemotherapy, 34.2% hormone therapy, and 14.6% radiotherapy. The survival of patients with breast cancer at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years was respectively 90.6%;83.1%;74.2%;69.8% and 59.2%. The median survival was not reached;however, the first quartil

关键词： Determinants Early Survival Breast Cancer Yaoundé

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Correlation between Hysterosonography and Hysteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Submucosal Fibroids in Women Attending the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第11期14卷 1775-1785页

作者： Pascale Mpono Emenguele Henri Léonard Mol Vanina Ngono Akam Serge Robert Nyada Yves Bertrand Kasia Claude Hector Mbia Roosevelt Dongmo Etienne Belinga Claude cyrille noa Ndoua Jean Marie Kasia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Cameroon

Background: Submucosal myomas can be responsible for abnormal bleeding, spontaneous abortions or even infertility. Objectives: This study aimed to study the correlation between the diagnosis and classification of submucosal fibroids at hysterosonography and at hysteroscopy at Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methodology: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. Included were the files of patients in whom a hysteroscopy for uterine cavity evaluation was done from the 1st of January 2020 to the 31st of July 2022. The data collected were analysed using SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2013. Hysterosonographic findings were compared to those of hysteroscopy using Cohen’s kappa inter-observer agreement test. Results: A total of 104 women had available hysterosonography results prior to diagnostic hysteroscopy. The ages of the participants ranged from 26 to 65 years with a mean age of 39.92 ± 7.02 years. A total of 69 submucosal fibroids were identified at hysterosonography and 47 (68.1%) were found at hysteroscopy. There was agreement between the two methods in 13/17 (76.5%) cases of FIGO 0 fibroids, 21/30 (70.0%) of FIGO 1 fibroids and 13/22 (59.1%) of FIGO 2 fibroids. The overall agreement was moderate with a kappa coefficient of 0.478 (p Conclusion: The results present hysteroscopy as the gold standard for the diagnosis of submucosal myomas, but clinicians need to recognize utility of hysterosonography in certain situations.

关键词： Submucosal Fibroids Hysterosonography Hysteroscopy Correlation

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The Hidden Side of the Story between the Placenta and Preeclampsia: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Cohort of Pregnant Women in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 610-620页

作者： Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Ambroise Merci Engounou Seme Urielle Julie Tchuente Sutchueng Wilfried Loic Tatsipie Christian Vagoda Henry-Leonard Chatelin Mol Madye Ngo Dingom Felix Essiben cyrille Claude noa Ndoua Yann chris Eng Odile Fernande Zeh Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy that generally occurs in the third trimester. It is associated with a maternal and foetal mortality rate of around 27%. In view of the grim picture painted by this condition for both mother and newborn, studies have been carried out into the early detection of patients at risk of developing pre-eclampsia. These make it possible to introduce pregnancy-specific monitoring and preventive strategies to reduce the incidence of the condition. Objective: To establish the link between placental ultrasound characteristics and the onset of pre-eclampsia. Methodology: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted in two hospitals in Yaoundé, namely the Yaoundé Gynaecological Obstetrics and Paediatrics Hospital and the Nkolndongo Health and Social Animation Centre, in the gynaecology and radiology departments over a period of 11 months, from October 2022 to August 2023. It included pregnant women who had undergone obstetric ultrasound between 12 and 18 weeks’ gestation. In addition to routine obstetric ultrasound, we performed obstetric Doppler measurements in these patients. The resistance index of the left and right uterine arteries, the umbilical artery and the placental volume were the characteristics sought. At the end of this examination, two groups were formed: cases (pathological Doppler group) and controls (normal Doppler group). Blood pressure and urine dipstick were taken at each antenatal visit until delivery, then during the immediate postpartum period and finally at 7 days, 21 days and 42 days after delivery. Results: Sixty-seven (67) patients were included. Of these, 35 (47.8%) had pathological Dopplers. Sixteen patients had arterial hypertension associated with proteinuria and were therefore labelled as pre-eclampsia (PE). This gives a prevalence of 23.9%. Fifteen (42.8%) of these patients belonged to the exposed group and one to the unexposed group. The mean IR of the pre-eclampsia patients was s

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Doppler Ultrasound Placenta

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Explaining recently studied intermediate luminosity optical transients(ILOTs)with jet powering

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第4期21卷 193-201页

作者： noam Soker noa Kaplan Department of Physics TechnionHaifa3200003Israel Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology Shantou 515069China

We apply the jet-powered ILOT scenario to two recently studied intermediate luminosity optical transients(ILOTs),and find the relevant shell mass and jets’energy that might account for the outbursts of these *** the jet-powered ILOT scenario,an accretion disk around one of the stars of a binary system launches *** interaction of the jets with a previously ejected slow shell converts kinetic energy to thermal energy,part of which is radiated *** apply two models of the jet-powered ILOT *** the spherical shell model,the jets accelerate a spherical shell,while in the cocoon toy model the jets penetrate into the shell and inflate hot bubbles,the *** find consistent *** the ILOT(ILRT:intermediate luminosity red transient)SNhunt120 we find the shell mass and jets’energy to be Ms■0.5-1 M☉and E2 j■5×10^(47)erg,*** jets’half opening angle isαj■30°-60°.For the second peak of the ILOT(luminous red nova)AT 2014 ej we find these quantities to be Ms1-2 M☉and E2 j1.5×10^(48)erg,withαj■20°-30°.The models cannot tell whether these ILOTs were powered by a stellar merger that leaves one star,or by mass transfer where both stars *** both cases the masses of the shells and energies of the jets suggest that the binary progenitor system was massive,with a combined mass of M1+M210■M☉.

关键词： binaries:close stars:jets stars:variables:general

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Personality in social insects： How does worker personality determine colony personality？

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Current Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 580-588页

作者： noa PINTER-WOLLMAN Department of Biology and Program in Human Biology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

ASocial insect colonies and the workers comprising them, each exhibit consistent individual differences in behavior, also known as ＇personalities＇. Because the behavior of social insect colonies emerges from the actions of their workers, individual variation among workers＇ personality may be important in determining the variation we observe among colonies. The reproduc- tive unit of social insects, on which natural selection acts, is the colony, not individual workers. Therefore, it is important to un- derstand what mechanisms govern the observed variation among colonies. Here I propose three hypotheses that address how con- sistent individual differences in the behavior of workers may lead to consistent individual differences in the behavior of colonies： 1. Colonies differ consistently in their average of worker personality; 2. The distribution but not the average of worker personali- ties varies consistently among colonies; and 3. Colony personality does not emerge from its worker personality composition but from consistent external constraints. I review evidence supporting each of these hypotheses and suggest methods to further inves-tigate them. The study of how colony personality emerges from the personalities of the workers comprising them may shed light on the mechanisms underlying consistent individual differences in the behavior of other animals .

关键词： Insect Colony Personality Worker

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Persistent variation in spatial behavior affects the structure and function of interaction networks

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 98-106页

作者： noa PINTER-WOLLMAN BioCircuits Institute University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA San Diego Center for Systems Biology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

The function of a network is affected by its structure. For example, the presence of highly interactive individuals, or hubs, influences the extent and rate of information spread across a network. In a network of interactions, the duration over which individual variation in interactions persists may affect how the network operates. Individuals may persist in their behavior over time and across situations, often referred to as personality. Colonies of social insects are an example of a biological system in which the structure of the coordinated networks of interacting workers may greatly influence information flow within the colony, and therefore its collective behavior. Here I investigate the effects of persistence in walking patterns on interaction networks us- ing computer simulations that are parameterized using observed behavior of harvester ants. I examine how the duration of persis- tence in spatial behavior influences network structure. Furthermore, I explore how spatial features of the environment affect the relationship between persistent behavior and network structure. I show that as persistence increases, the skewness of the weighted degree distribution of the interaction network increases. However, this relationship holds only when ants are confined in a space with boundaries, but not when physical barriers are absent. These findings suggest that the influence of animal personalities on network structure and function depends on the environment in which the animals reside [Current Zoology 61 （1）： 98-106, 2015].

关键词： Agent based model Collective behavior Complex system Self organization Personality Temperament

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Laparoscopic management of an ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer at CHRACERH:A case report

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2018年第3期1卷 70-73页

作者： Belinga Etienne noa Ndoua Claude cyrille Ayissi Gregory Kasia Onana Yves Bertrand Kasia Jean-Marie Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IYaoundeCameroon Hospital Center for Research and Application in Endoscopic Surgery and Human Reproduction YaoundeCameroon

*** Initially,in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET)was designed to solve tubal factors infertility(TFI)by placing the embryo(s)within the uterine ***,in some cases,an ectopic implantation occurs as the embryo can enter the *** pregnancy(EP)is the location of the pregnancy outside the intrauterine *** prevalence of EP following assisted reproductive technology(ART)ranges between 2.1%and 8.6%of all pregnancies and it can reach up to 11%inwomen with tubal factors infertility history.

关键词： Ectopic pregnancy Laparoscopic management In vitro fertilization Embryo transfer

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