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Structural effects of reedbed grazing and its cessation on reed-nesting songbird densities

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 238-248页

作者： Thomas pagnon Clemence pechinot Lea Sgro Jeremie Demay Remi Jullian Regis Gallais Brigitte poulin cyril Marmoex Theria Ecologie 6 avenue des martyrs05400VeynesFrance UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement CNRSUniversite de Franche-Comte16 route de Gray25000BesanconFrance Conservatoire d’Espaces Naturels d’Occitanie 26 alle de Mycenes34000MontpellierFrance Office Français de la Biodiversite 12 cours Lumiere94300VincennesFrance Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands Le Sambuc13200ArlesFrance

Reedbeds are crucial breeding habitats for vulnerable songbird *** of their protection status,these habitats may be threatened by organic matter accumulation,progressively leading to structural homoge-nization and habitat succession towards *** prevent excessive litter build-up with various in-terventions opening-up the reedbeds,such as grazing,which may be detrimental or suitable for some reed bird *** assessed the effects of extensive grazing by horses and its cessation in the medium and long terms on reedbed structure,and the consequences on reed-nesting songbird densities in Estagnol Nature Reserve,a pro-tected wetland near the French Mediterranean *** compared reedbed structural features between grazed,newly ungrazed and old-ungrazed *** nine years,we censused four songbird species in spring and collected water level data in the same survey *** reduced reedbed extent,rejuvenated the vegetation with more short green stems on a thinner litter,and produced higher structural heterogeneity and discontinuity compared to long-lasting non *** ungrazed plot showed intermediate *** surveyed songbird total densities were similar among plots while species numbers and densities *** reedbed was more attractive to Moustached Warblers(Acrocephalus melanopogon)and Great Reed Warblers(Acrocephalus arundi-naceus),likely due to the large edges and the high vegetation structural ***,Moustached Warblers were more negatively affected by higher water level in grazed reedbed,presumably because flooding prevents litter *** newly ungrazed reedbed was not preferred by any *** warbler species were found under low density in the old-ungrazed reedbed,where Reed Buntings(Emberiza schoeniclus)were exclu-sively *** availability related to thick litter layer may explain this *** Reed Warblers(Acrocephalus scirpaceus)were found everywhere in similar

关键词： Bird conservation Edge complexity Fragmentation Habitat management Horse grazing phragmites australis Reed passerine

Bulk geochemistry,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd,and stable O-H isotope systematics of the Metzimevin high-grade iron ore deposit,Mbalam iron ore district,southern Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 677-706页

作者： Samndong cyril Tufoin Cheo Emmanuel Suh Tabod Charles Tabod George Lemewihbwen Ngiamte Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of GeologyUniversity of BueaP.O.63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Department of physics Faculty of ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Department of Geology Pan-African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute(PAULESI)University of IbadanIbadanNigeria

Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-H isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical *** REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/Ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising ***^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and ***Ɛ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 *** variable and diverse O and H isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric *** balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>*** is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.

关键词： Bulk geochemistry Rb-Sr Sm-Nd Mitzimevin High-grade iron ore

Climate-influenced vector-borne diseases in Africa: a call to empower the next generation of African researchers for sustainable solutions

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Obame-Nkoghe Judica?l Agossou Adjoavi Esse Mboowa Gerald Kamgang Basile Caminade cyril Duke Dawn C. Githeko Andrew Karanja Ogega Obed M. Elloué Nestor Engone Sarr Fatou Bintou Nkoghe Dieudonné Kengne pierre Ndam Nicaise T. paupy Christophe Bockarie Moses Otomo patricks Voua Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory (LabMC) Biology Department University of Science and Technology of Masuku BP Franceville Gabon Ecology and Health Research Unit Interdisciplinary Center for Medical Research of Franceville BP Franceville Gabon Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of the Free State Private Bag x13 Phuthaditjhaba Republic of South Africa Laboratory of pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP Cotonou Benin The African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data-Intensive Sciences Infectious Diseases Institute College of Health Sciences Makerere University P. O Box Kampala Uganda Africa Centers for Disease Control and prevention African Union Commission Roosevelt Street P.O. Box WKAddis Ababa Ethiopia Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases P.O. Box Yaoundé Cameroon Earth System physics Department The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste Italy Africa Research Excellence Fund Charterhouse Street London EC1MHR UK Community Health Support program P.O. Box Kisumu Kenya The African Academy of Sciences Nairobi Kenya Center for phylosophical Studies and Research (CERp) Omar Bongo University (UOB) BP Libreville Gabon UMRED Health Training and Research Unit University of Iba Der Thiam of Thiès BP Thiès Senegal National parasitic Diseases Control program Ministry of Health Libreville Gabon MIVEGEC Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD Montpellier France MERIT IRD Paris Cité University Paris France Department of parasitology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana LG Accra Ghana School of Community Health Sciences Njala University Bo Sierra Leone

We look at the link between climate change and vector-borne diseases in low- and middle-income countries in Africa. The large endemicity and escalating threat of diseases such as malaria and arboviral diseases, intensified by climate change, disproportionately affects vulnerable communities globally. We highlight the urgency of prioritizing research and development, advocating for robust scientific inquiry to promote adaptation strategies, and the vital role that the next generation of African research leaders will play in addressing these challenges. Despite significant challenges such as funding shortages within countries, various pan-African-oriented funding bodies such as the African Academy of Sciences, the Africa Research Excellence Fund, the Wellcome Trust, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation as well as initiatives such as the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence and the pan-African Mosquito Control Association, have empowered (or are empowering) these researchers by supporting capacity building activities, including continental and global networking, skill development, mentoring, and African-led research. This article underscores the urgency of increased national investment in research, proposing the establishment of research government agencies to drive evidence-based interventions. Collaboration between governments and scientific communities, sustained by pan-African funding bodies, is crucial. Through these efforts, African nations are likely to enhance the resilience and adaptive capacity of their systems and communities by navigating these challenges effectively, fostering scientific excellence and implementing transformative solutions against climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases.

关键词： Climate change Vector-borne diseases Africa Environmental justice Research and development pan-African funding initiatives

pure Hydrocarbons:An Efficient Molecular Design Strategy for the Next Generation of Host Materials for phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第3期3卷 379-390页

作者： cyril poriel Joëlle Rault-Berthelot 不详 UniversitéRennes CNRSISCR-6226F-35000 RennesFrance

CONSpECTUS:Fantastic progresses have been made since the discovery of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes(phOLEDs)in 1998(Nature 1998,395,151).In the emissive layer of a phOLED,a heavy-metal complex(emitter)is dispersed as a guest in an organic semiconductor(host)in order to harvest both singlet and triplet *** host/guest technique is essential to reach highperformance ***,designing high-efficiency host materials for red,green,and blue phosphors has been the main driving force of the ***,the most efficient phOLEDs report very high external quantum efficiency(EQE)above 27%for the three *** molecular design of these high-efficiency host materials is based on small functional units,which have a crucial role in the device *** functional units are constructed on the assembly of electron-rich and/or electron-poor molecular fragments(such as carbazole,phenylamine,phosphine oxide,oxadiazole,pyridine,sulfone,etc.),which allows to finely tune the molecular orbitals energy levels(HOMO and LUMO)and the mobility of the charge carriers(hole and electrons).However,these molecular fragments incorporate heteroatoms,which in turn increase the molecular design complexity and production cost of the target materials and also create potential instability in the ***,the fragile C−N,C−p,and C−S bonds of such heteroatom-based hosts are involved,in part,in the OLED *** the instability of OLEDs is one of the most important problem to address at the current stage of development,developing new generations of host materials,without heteroatoms,has appeared as an important challenge in the *** recent years,this new generation of host materials,called pure HydroCarbons(pHC),only incorporating carbon and hydrogen atoms,has drawn the attention of the scientific *** host materials only contain benzene rings,one of the most robust and inert building unit,which are assemble with suitable linkages to a

关键词： Strategy Host Molecular

Crystallographic Analysis of Martensite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr Steel using EBSD

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第10期27卷 920-930页

作者： pasi p.Suikkanen cyril Cayron Anthony J.DeArdo L.pentti Karjalainen Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluBox 420090014 University of Oulu CEA LITEN17 rues des Martys38054GrenobleFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh

The crystallography of martensite formed in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1,5Si-0.6Cr steel was studied using the electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD） technique. The results showed that the observed orientation relationship （OR） was closer to that of Nishiyama-Wassermann （N-W） than Kurdjumov-Sachs. The martensite consisted of parallel laths forming morphological packets. Typically, there were three different lath orientations in a morphological packet consisting of three specific N-W OR variants sharing the same {111} austenite plane. A packet of martensite laths with a common {111} austenite plane was termed a crystallographic packet. Generally, the crystallographic packet size corresponded to the morphological packet size, but occasionally the morphological packet was found to consist of two or more crystallographic packets. Therefore, the crystallographic packet size appeared to be finer than the morphological packet size. The relative orientation between the variants in crystallographic packets was found to be near 60°〈110〉, which explains the strong peak observed near 60° in the grain boundary misorientation distribution. Martensite also contained a high fraction of boundaries with a misorientation in the range 2.5-8°. Typically these boundaries were found to be located inside the martensite laths forming sub-laths.

关键词： Martensite Austenite Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship EBSD Crystallography packet

Crystallographic Analysis of Isothermally Transformed Bainite in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr Steel Using EBSD

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第4期29卷 359-366页

作者： pasi p.Suikkanen cyril Cayron Anthony J.DeArdo L.pentti Karjalainen Ruukki Metals Oy Rautaruukintie 155P.O.Box 93FI-92101 RaaheFinland Department of Mechanical Engineering University of OuluP.O.Box 420090014 University of OuluFinland Ruukki Metals Oy Rautaruukintie 155P.O.Box 93FI-92101 RaaheFinland. CEA LITEN17 rues des Martys38054 GrenobleFrance Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh848 Benedum HallPittsburghPA 15261-2285USA

The crystallography of bainite, transformed isothermally at 450 ℃ in 0.2C-2.0Mn-1.5Si-0.6Cr steel, was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） analysis. The orientation relationship （OR） was found to be closer to Nishiyama-Wassermann （N-W） than Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship. Bainite microstructure consisted of parallel laths forming a morphological packet structure. Typically, there were three different lath orientations in a morphological packet. These orientations were dictated by a three specific N-W OR variants sharing the same {111} austenite plane. A packet of bainite laths with common {111} austenite plane was termed as crystallographic packet. Generally, the crystallographic packet size corresponded to the morphological packet size. Locally, crystallographic packets with only two dominant orientations were observed. This indicates strong local variant selection during isothermal bainite transformation. The relative orientation between the variants in crystallographic packets was found to be near 60°/〈110〉. This appears to explain the strong peak observed in the grain boundary misorientation distribution near 60°. Bainite also contained pronounced fraction of boundaries with their misorientation in the range of 2.5°-8° with quite widely dispersed rotation angles. Spatially these boundaries were found to locate inside the bainite laths, forming lath-like sub-grains.

关键词： Bainite Austenite Nishiyama-Wassermann orientation relationship Electron backscatter diffraction OEBSD) Crystallography packet

Stress granules in colorectal cancer:Current knowledge and potential therapeutic applications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第35期26卷 5223-5247页

作者： Noémie Legrand Dan A Dixon cyril Sobolewski Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1211Switzerland Department of Molecular Biosciences University of KansasLawrenceKansasand University of Kansas Cancer CenterLawrenceKS 66045United States Department of Cell physiology and Metabolism Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1211Switzerland

Stress granules(SGs)represent important non-membrane cytoplasmic compartments,involved in cellular adaptation to various stressful conditions(e.g.,hypoxia,nutrient deprivation,oxidative stress).These granules contain several scaffold proteins and RNA-binding proteins,which bind to mRNAs and keep them translationally silent while protecting them from harmful *** the role of SGs in cancer development is still poorly known and vary between cancer types,increasing evidence indicate that the expression and/or the activity of several key SGs components are deregulated in colorectal tumors but also in pre-neoplastic conditions(e.g.,inflammatory bowel disease),thus suggesting a potential role in the onset of colorectal cancer(CRC).It is therefore believed that SGs formation importantly contributes to various steps of colorectal tumorigenesis but also in *** CRC is the third most frequent cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide,development of new therapeutic targets is needed to offset the development of chemoresistance and formation of *** SGs assembly may therefore represent an appealing therapeutic strategy to re-sensitize colon cancer cells to anti-cancer *** this review,we summarize the current knowledge on SGs in colorectal cancer and the potential therapeutic strategies that could be employed to target them.

关键词： Stress-Granules Colorectal cancer Adenylate-Uridylate-rich element-binding proteins post-transcriptional regulation Oncogenes Tumor suppressors

AU-rich element-binding proteins in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第2期11卷 71-90页

作者： Noémie Legrand Dan A Dixon cyril Sobolewski Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Geneva Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Kansas Lawrence Kansasand University of Kansas Cancer Center Department of Cell physiology and Metabolism Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Geneva

Trans-acting factors controlling mRNA fate are critical for the post-transcriptional regulation of inflammation-related genes, as well as for oncogene and tumor suppressor expression in human cancers. Among them, a group of RNA-binding proteins called "Adenylate-Uridylate-rich elements binding proteins"(AUBps)control mRNA stability or translation through their binding to AU-rich elements enriched in the 3'UTRs of inflammation-and cancer-associated mRNA transcripts. AUBps play a central role in the recruitment of target mRNAs into small cytoplasmic foci called processing-bodies and stress granules(also known as p-body/SG). Alterations in the expression and activities of AUBps and pbody/SG assembly have been observed to occur with colorectal cancer(CRC)progression, indicating the significant role AUBp-dependent post-transcriptional regulation plays in controlling gene expression during CRC ***, these alterations contribute to the pathological expression of many early-response genes involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis and inflammation,along with key oncogenic pathways. In this review, we summarize the current role of these proteins in CRC development. CRC remains a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide and, therefore, targeting these AUBps to restore efficient post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression may represent an appealing therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Adenylate-Uridylate-rich element-binding proteins Oncogenes Tumor suppressors post-transcriptional regulation

Substrate use and postural behavior in free-ranging snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti)in Yunnan

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 335-345页

作者： cyril C.GRUETER Dayong LI Baoping REN Ming LI School of Anatomy Physiology and Human BiologyUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyAustralia College of Life Sciences China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Extant colobines represent a predominantly arboreal primate radiation,but there are outliers such as some species of snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus spp.)that utilize both arboreal and terrestrial *** quantified the degree of terrestriality and the distribution of individuals across canopy levels,the extrinsic and intrinsic determinants and constraints of strata association as well as use of postures in relation to behavior and food sources in a wild population of Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti)in the Samage Forest,*** subjects spent 80.5%of the observation time in the trees and 19.5%on the *** use occurred most frequently in the context of travelling(61%)and less often in the context of feeding and resting(30%combined).Adult males frequented the ground significantly more often than other age-sex ***-sex differences were also apparent in substrate preferences,which likely reflect body weight *** males were significantly more associated with solid substrates and less with terminal branches than adult females and *** were seen more often on unstable ground(*** thin and oblique branches)and in the upper *** use also varied with behavior:feeding was much more common in the upper stratum,outer canopy,on highly inclined and thin branches,as compared to *** weather also influenced canopy use in that tree crowns were used less often during periods of *** most frequently exhibited resting and feeding postures was *** and suspensory postures were most often used in the context of feeding on lichens.

关键词： China colobine positional behavior posture terrestriality