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UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis

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Protein & Cell 2013年第7期4卷 485-492页

作者： Jigang Li Li Yang dan Jin cynthia d.nezames William Terzaghi Xing Wang deng Peking-Yale Joint Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and Agro-biotechnology State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China department of Molecular Cellularand Developmental BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture Biotechnology Research CenterSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China department of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePA 18766USA

Ultraviolet-B(UV-B)is a relatively minor component of sunlight,but can induce stress-related physiological pro-cesses or UV-B-specifi c photomorphogenic responses in *** the last decade,signifi cant progress has been made in understanding the UV-B photomorphogenic pathway,including identifi cation of the key components in the pathway,molecular characterization of UV-B pho-toreceptor and perception mechanism,and elucidation of the signal transduction mechanisms from the photo-activated UV-B receptor to downstream gene *** review summarizes the key players identifi ed to date in the UV-B photomorphogenic pathway and their roles in mediating UV-B signal transduction.

关键词： UV-B photomorphogenesis signal transduc-tion gene expression

Impact of an oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic profiles and microbial ecology of weanling pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic ***

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 749-764页

作者： Kwangwook Kim cynthia Jinno Xunde Li david Bravo Eric Cox Peng Ji Yanhong Liu department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCA 90084USA School of Veterinary Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Pancosma|AdM 1180 RolleSwitzerland Nutreco Exploration NutrecoThe Netherlands department of Virology Parasitology and ImmunologyGhent University9000 GhentBelgium department of Nutrition University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Background Our previous study has reported that supplementation of oligosaccharide-based polymer enhances gut health and disease resistance of pigs infected with enterotoxigenic ***(ETEC)F18 in a manner similar to *** objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of oligosaccharide-based polymer or antibiotic on the host metabolic profiles and colon microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with ETEC *** Multivariate analysis highlighted the differences in the metabolic profiles of serum and colon digesta which were predominantly found between pigs supplemented with oligosaccharide-based polymer and *** relative abundance of metabolic markers of immune responses and nutrient metabolisms,such as amino acids and carbohydrates,were significantly differentiated between the oligosaccharide-based polymer and antibiotic groups(qd fold change>2.0).In addition,pigs in antibiotic had a reduced(Pdance of Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,whereas had greater(Pdiaceae and Streptococcaceae in the colon digesta on d 11 post-inoculation(PI)compared with d 5 *** The impact of oligosaccharide-based polymer on the metabolic and microbial profiles of pigs is not fully understood,and further exploration is ***,current research suggest that various mechanisms are involved in the enhanced disease resistance and performance in ETEC-challenged pigs by supplementing this polymer.

关键词： Carbadox Colon microbiota Enterotoxigenic E.coli F18 Metabolomics Oligosaccharide-based polymer Weaned pigs

Abomasal infusion of branched-chain amino acids or branched-chain keto-acids alter lactation performance and liver triglycerides in fresh cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1145-1157页

作者： Kristen Gallagher Isabelle Bernstein cynthia Collings david Main Ghayyoor Ahmad Sarah Naughton Jayasimha daddam Vengai Mavangira Mike Vandehaar Zheng Zhou department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA department of Veterinary diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Ames 50011USA

Background dairy cows are at high risk of fatty liver disease in early lactation,but current preventative measures are not always *** with fatty liver have lower circulating branched-chain amino acid(BCAA)concentra-tions whereas cows with high circulating BCAA levels have low liver triglyceride(TG).Our objective was to determine the impact of BCAA and their corresponding ketoacids(branched-chain ketoacids,BCKA)on production performance and liver TG accumulation in Holstein cows in the first 3 weeks *** Thirty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized block design *** were abomasally infused for the first 21 d postpartum with solutions of 1)saline(CON,n=12);2)BCA(67 g valine,50 g leu-cine,and 34 g isoleucine,n=12);and 3)BCK(77 g 2-ketovaline calcium salt,57 g 2-ketoleucine calcium salt,and 39 g 2-ketoisoleucine calcium salt,n=12).All cows received the same *** effects were determined using PROC GLIMMIX in *** No differences were detected for body weight,body condition score,or dry matter intake averaged over the first 21 d *** receiving BCK had significantly lower liver TG concentrations compared to CON(6.60%vs.4.77%,standard error of the mean(SEM)0.49)during the first 3 weeks of *** of BCA increased milk yield(39.5 vs.35.3 kg/d,SEM 1.8),milk fat yield(2.10 vs.1.69 kg/d,SEM 0.08),and lactose yield(2.11 vs.1.67 kg/d,SEM 0.07)compared with *** to CON,cows receiving BCA had lower plasma glucose(55.0 vs.59.2 mg/dL,SEM 0.86)but higherβ-hydroxybutyrate(9.17 vs.6.00 mg/dL,SEM 0.80).Conclusions Overall,BCAA supplementation in this study improved milk production,whereas BCKA supplementa-tion reduced TG accumulation in the liver of fresh cows.

关键词： Branched-chain amino acids Branched-chain ketoacids Fatty liver Fresh cow

Integrated Single-cell Multiomic Analysis of HIV Latency Reversal Reveals Novel Regulators of Viral Reactivation

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 67-88页

作者： Manickam Ashokkumar Wenwen Mei Jackson J.Peterson Yuriko Harigaya david M.Murdoch david M.Margolis Caleb Kornfein Alex Oesterling Zhicheng Guo cynthia d.Rudin Yuchao Jiang Edward P.Browne department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA HIV Cure Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA department of Microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA department of Medicine Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA department of Computer Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA department of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

despite the success of antiretroviral therapy,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cannot be cured because of a reservoir of latently infected cells that evades *** understand the mechanisms of HIV latency,we employed an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(scATAC-seq)approach to simultaneously profile the transcriptomic and epigenomic characteristics of~125,000 latently infected primary Cd4^(+)T cells after reactivation using three different latency reversing *** expressed genes and differentially accessible motifs were used to examine transcriptional pathways and transcription factor(TF)activities across the cell *** identified cellular transcripts and TFs whose expression/activity was correlated with viral reactivation and demonstrated that a machine learning model trained on these data was 75%-79%accurate at predicting viral ***,we validated the role of two candidate HIV-regulating factors,FOXP1 and GATA3,in viral *** data demonstrate the power of integrated multimodal single-cell analysis to uncover novel relationships between host cell factors and HIV latency.

关键词： HIV latency reversal Primary Cd4þT cell Single-cell multiomics HIV-regulating factor Machine learning

Genotypic diversity of a dominant C_(4) grass across a long-term fire frequency gradient

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第6期6卷 448-458页

作者： cynthia C.Chang Melinda d.Smith department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA department of Biology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Aims and Methods diversity-disturbance research has focused on community diversity,but disturbance frequency could impact diversity within species as well,with important consequences for community diversity and ecosystem *** examined patterns of genetic diversity of a dominant grass species,Andropogon gerardii,in native North American tallgrass prairie sites located in eastern Kansas that have been subjected to a gradient of fire frequency treatments(burned every 1,2,4 or 20 years)since the *** addition,we were able to assess the relationships between genetic diversity of ***,species diversity and productivity across this range of fire *** Findings We found no significant relationships between genetic diversity of *** at the local scale(1 m^(2) plot level)and disturbance frequency(burned 2 to 32 times over a 38-year period).However,at the site level(*** all plots sampled within a site,~100 m^(2))there were differences in genotype richness and composition,as well as genomic dissimilarity among individuals of *** richness was greatest for the site burned at an intermediate(4-year)frequency and lowest for the infrequently(20-year)burned *** addition,genotypes found in the frequently burned sites were more similar from each other than expected by random chance than those found in the infrequently burned *** composition of *** was not significantly different between the frequently burned sites(annual vs.2 year)but did differ between frequently burned and infrequently burned sites(1 and 2 year vs.4 and 20 year,etc.).Together,these results suggest site-level ecological sorting of genotypes in intact prairie across a broad gradient of disturbance frequencies,likely driven by alterations in environmental *** fire promotes the abundance of dominant grass species,reduces plant community diversity and impacts ecosystem processes such as *** study suggests that

关键词： Andropogon gerardii disturbance frequency genetic relatedness genetic-species diversity relationship genotype richness intermediate disturbance hypothesis productivity tallgrass prairie

2023年美国麻醉医师学会神经肌肉阻滞监测与拮抗实践指南:美国麻醉医师学会工作组关于神经肌肉阻滞的报告

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中华麻醉学杂志 2024年第5期44卷 518-542页

作者： Stephan R.Thilen Wade A.Weigel Michael M.Todd Richard P.dutton cynthia A.Lien Stuart A.Grant Joseph W.Szokol Lars I.Eriksson Myron Yaster Mark d.Grant Madhulika Agarkar Anne M.Marbella Jaime F.Blanck Karen B.domino 西雅图华盛顿州明尼阿波里斯明尼苏达州达拉斯得克萨斯州密尔沃基威斯康星州教堂山北卡罗来纳州洛杉矶加利福尼亚州斯德哥尔摩瑞典丹佛科罗拉多州绍姆堡伊利诺斯州巴尔的摩马里兰州

本实践指南基于证据提供了全身麻醉期间及术后神经肌肉功能监测与阻滞拮抗的管理推荐。主要关注神经肌肉功能监测的类型与部位及阻滞拮抗的过程,以减少肌肉松弛药残留阻滞。

关键词：神经肌肉阻滞肌肉松弛药神经肌肉功能监测舒更葡糖钠新斯的明

Effects of plants and plant products on the testis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 468-479页

作者： Shereen cynthia d＇Cruz Selvaraju Vaithinathan Rajamanickam Jubendradass Premendu Prakash Mathur department of Biochemistry ＆ Molecular Biology School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605014 India

For centuries, plants and plant-based products have been used as a valuable and safe natural source of medicines for treating various ailments. The therapeutic potential of most of these plants could be ascribed to their anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antispasmodic, analgesic and various other pharmacological properties. However, several commonly used plants have been reported to adversely affect male reproductive functions in wildlife and humans. The effects observed with most of the plant and plant-based products have been attributed to the antispermatogenic and/or antisteroidogenic properties of one or more active ingredients. This review discusses the detrimental effects of some of the commonly used plants on various target cells in the testis. A deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of action of these natural compounds could pave the way for developing therapeutic strategies against their toxicity.

关键词： male reproduction natural products plants spermatogenesis steroidogenesis testis

Navigating the currents of seascape genomics： how spatial analyses can augment population genomic studies

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Current Zoology 2016年第6期62卷 581-601页

作者： cynthia RIGINOS Eric d. CRANdALL Libby LIGGINS Pim BONGAERTS Eric A, TREML School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia division of Science and Environmental Policy California State University Seaside CA 93955 USA Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Massey University Auckland 0745 New Zealand Global Change Institute The University of Queensland QLD 4072 St Lucia Australia School of BioSciences The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia

Population genomic approaches are making rapid inroads in the study of non-model organisms, including marine taxa. To date, these marine studies have predominantly focused on rudimentary metrics describing the spatial and environmental context of their study region （e.g., geographical distance, average sea surface temperature, average salinity）. We contend that a more nuanced and considered approach to quantifying seascape dynamics and patterns can strengthen population genomic investigations and help identify spatial, temporal, and environmental factors associated with differing selective regimes or demographic histories. Nevertheless, approaches for quantifying marine landscapes are complicated. Characteristic features of the marine environment, including pelagic living in flowing water （experienced by most marine taxa at some point in their life cycle）, require a well-designed spatial-temporal sampling strategy and analysis. Many genetic summary statistics used to describe populations may be inappropriate for marine species with large population sizes, large species ranges, stochastic recruitment, and asymmetrical gene flow. Finally, statistical approaches for testing associations between seascapes and population genomic patterns are still maturing with no single approach able to capture all relevant considerations. None of these issues are completely unique to marine systems and therefore similar issues and solutions will be shared for many organisms regardless of habitat. Here, we outline goals and spatial approaches for land- scape genomics with an emphasis on marine systems and review the growing empirical literature on seascape genomics. We review established tools and approaches and highlight promising new strategies to overcome select issues including a strategy to spatially optimize sampling. despite the many challenges, we argue that marine systems may be especially well suited for identifying candidate genomic regions under environmentally mediated sele

关键词： adaptation genetic-environment association landscape oceanography population genomics remote sensing seascape genetics.

“Bull’s eye”appearance of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type I-atypical magnetic resonance imaging findings:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第4期9卷 871-877页

作者： Federica Vernuccio Stephanie Austin Mathias Meyer cynthia d Guy Priya S Kishnani daniele Marin department of Biomedicine Neuroscience and Advanced DiagnosticsUniversity of PalermoPalermo 90100Italy departments of Pediatrics Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States department of Radiology Duke University Medical HospitalDurhamNC 27708United States department of Pathology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27710United States division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States department of Radiology Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States

BACKGROUNd Hepatocellular adenomas are rare tumors that can occur in patients with glycogen storage disease type *** SUMMARY We herein report two cases of histologically proven hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type *** resonance imaging(MRI)was performed after bolus injection of gadoxetate disodium,a liver-specific gadolinium-based MRI contrast *** the present cases,some of the hepatocellular adenomas showed unexpectedly a“bull’s eye”appearance on T2-weighted and post-contrast images,which was not previously described as imaging findings of hepatocellular adenomas in glycogen storage disease.A bull’s eye appearance on T2-weighted images can be encountered in both benign(i.e.,abscess)or malignant(i.e.,epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,cholangiocarcinoma,and metastases)hepatic *** We present two cases of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease type 1,in which gadoxetate disodium-MRI showed atypical imaging findings for hepatocellular *** present there is no systematic study evaluating MRI findings of hepatocellular adenomas in patients with glycogen storage disease,further studies are needed to specifically investigate this issue.

关键词： Glycogen storage disease Hepatocellular adenoma Bull’s eye Magnetic resonance imaging Case report Gadoxetate disodium