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California’s Agriculture-Related Local Air Pollution Policy

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第8期4卷 24-27页

作者： C.-Y. cynthia Lin Faculty of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of California at Davis Davis USA

Air pollution is a critical environmental issue for California, which has some of the nation’s most polluted air basins and also the nation’s most stringent set of state and local air quality standards. This paper reviews my previous work in Lin (2011), in which I examine the effects of agriculture-related local regulations in California on air quality, as measured by the number of exceedances of the CO and NO2 standards, by exploiting the natural variation in policy among the different air districts in California. Agricultural burning policies and penalty fees reduce the pollution from CO. Other policies such as the prohibition on visible emission, fugitive dust, particulate matter, nitrogen and the reduction of animal matter are correlated with higher levels of CO. Regulations on orchard and citrus heaters have no significant effect on the number of exceedances of the CO and NO2 standards.

关键词： Air Quality Air Pollution Pollution Control Agriculture

Advancing Pediatric Hemodialysis Care through the Novel Intervention in Children’s Healthcare (NICH) Program

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 295-301页

作者： Jessica Williams Natalia Garban cynthia Wong Elizabeth Talley Department of Pediatric Nephrology Lucille Packard Childrens Hospital Stanford Palo Alto USA NICH Program Care Team Lucille Packard Childrens Hospital Stanford Palo Alto USA

Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities present daunting hurdles that prevent equitable health outcomes for patients with end-stage kidney disease (EsKD) on hemodialysis. Additional resources, such as the Novel Intervention in Children’s Health (NICH) at Lucille Packard Children’s Hospital stanford, provide individualized support to best assist families by assessing barriers to care with the goal of improving health outcomes. In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed patients with EsKD on hemodialysis involved in NICH to explore if NICH serves as a liaison between the patients and multidisciplinary medical team and to explore if NICH helps patients better manage the challenges of end-stage kidney disease. Through the electronic medical record system, EPIC, we reviewed the patients’ surveys to identify barriers to care, which included school and life engagement difficulty, lack of mental health resources, food and transportation insecurity, and cultural/language barriers. We also tracked the number of hospitalizations and ED visits before and during the patients’ enrollment in NICH. We discovered that through NICH, the aforementioned barriers to care were eliminated, the number of hospitalizations and emergency department visits was reduced, and all patients transitioned from inactive to active on the transplant list. NICH successfully improved the health outcomes of these patients and empowered patients to be more engaged in their care.

关键词： Pediatric Hemodialysis EsKD NICH Healthcare Disparities

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Oxidation of Guanosine to Hydantoin Derivatives:Implications for DNA Damage and Repair

作者： (美)sherry Cormier (美)Paula s. Nurius (美)cynthia J. Osborn

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Oxidation of Guanosine to Hydantoin Derivatives:Implications...

Mozambique’s response to cyclone Idai:how collaboration and surveillance with water,sanitation and hygiene (WAsH) interventions were used to control a cholera epidemic

中国化学会第26届学术年会化学生物分会场

作者： cynthia J. Burrows Department of Chemistry University of Utah 315 S. 1400 East Salt Lake City UT 84112-0850 USA

＜正＞The heterocyclic bases in genomic and mitochondrial DNA are subject to oxidative damage leading to G-to-T and G-to-C transversions and frameshift mutagenesis. Our laboratory studies the organic chemistry of guan...

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 121-124页

作者： Joaquim Domingos Lequechane Arlete Mahumane Falume Chale Crescêncio Nhabomba Cristolde salomão Clemente Lameira sérgio Chicumbe cynthia semáBaltazar Beira Operational Research Center National Institute of Health from MozambiqueBeiraSofalaMozambique National Institute of Health MaputoMozambique Planning and statistics Department Sofala Provincial Health DirectorateBeiraMozambique

Cyclone Idai,which hit Mozambique in March 2019,was one of the worst climate-related natural disasters on record in the southern Hemisphere causing massive destruction of housing and disruption to vital infrastructure including the electrical grid,communications and water *** two million people were affected with over 600 deaths,hundreds of thousands of people displaced accompanied by rapid spread of *** describe emergency measures taken by the Government of Mozambique,in collaboration with multilateral partners,to establish a real-time disease surveillance system,implement interventions recommended by a Water,sanitation and Hygiene(WAsH)taskforce and rapidly scale up a massive community vaccination program to control a cholera epidemic.

关键词： Cyclone Idai Mozambique Cholera sanitation Disaster Disease outbreak Water supply

scoping review on vector-borne diseases in urban areas:transmission dynamics,vectorial capacity and co-infection

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 916-939页

作者： Marcus Eder Fanny Cortes Noemia Teixeira de siqueira Filha Giovanny Vinicius Araujo de Franca stephanie Degroote cynthia Braga Valery Ridde Celina Maria Turchi Martelli Public Health England sierra Leone Country Office FreetownSierra Leone Aggeu Magalhaes Institute(IAM)/Oswaldo Cruz Foundation(Fiocruz) Avenida Professor Moraes Regos/n.Cidade Universitaria.CEP 50RecifePernambuco 740-465Brazil Universidade de Pernambuco(UPE) RecifePernambucoBrazil Liverpool school Of Tropical Medicine(LsTM) LondonUK secretariat of Health surveillance Ministry of HealthBrasiliaBrazil University of Montreal school of Public Health(EsPUM) MontrealQuebecCanada IRD(French Institute For Research on sustainable Development) CEPED(IRD-UniversiteParis Descartes)Universites Paris Sorbonne CitesERL INSERM SAGESUDParisFrance

Background:Transmission dynamics,vectorial capacity,and co-infections have substantial impacts on vector-borne diseases(VBDs)affecting urban and suburban *** key factors can provide insight into priority research areas and offer suggestions for potential *** body:Through a scoping review,we identify knowledge gaps on transmission dynamics,vectorial capacity,and co-infections regarding VBDs in urban ***-reviewed and grey literature published between 2000 and 2016 was *** screened abstracts and full texts to select *** an extraction grid,we retrieved general data,results,lessons learned and recommendations,future research avenues,and practice *** classified studies by VBD and country/continent and identified relevant knowledge *** 773 articles selected for full-text screening,50 were included in the review:23 based on research in the Americas,15 in Asia,10 in Africa,and one each in Europe and *** largest body of evidence concerning VBD epidemiology in urban areas concerned dengue and *** arboviruses covered included chikungunya and West Nile virus,other parasitic diseases such as leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis,and bacterial rickettsiosis and *** articles retrieved in our review combined transmission dynamics and vectorial capacity;only two combined transmission dynamics and *** review identified significant knowledge gaps on the role of asymptomatic individuals,the effects of co-infection and other host factors,and the impacts of climatic,environmental,and socioeconomic factors on VBD transmission in urban *** included the trade-off from narrowing the search strategy(missing out on classical modelling studies),a lack of studies on co-infections,most studies being only descriptive,and few offering concrete public health *** research is needed on transmission risk in homes and workplaces,given increasingly dynamic and mobil

关键词： Arboviruses Disease vectors Coinfection Urban population Epidemiology Review

Kupffer cell restoration after partial hepatectomy is mainly driven by local cell proliferation in IL-6-dependent autocrine and paracrine manners

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2165-2176页

作者： Yeni Ait Ahmed Yaojie Fu Robim M.Rodrigues Yong He Yukun Guan Adrien Guillot Ruixue Ren Dechun Feng Juan Hidalgo cynthia Ju Fouad Lafdil Bin Gao Laboratory of Liver Diseases National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA UniversitéParis-Est-Créteil CréteilFrance Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BarcelonaSpain Department of Anesthesiology McGovern Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA INsERM U955 Institut Mondor de Recherche BiomédicaleCréteilFrance Institut Universitaire de France(IUF) ParisFrance

Kupffer cells(KCs),which are liver-resident macrophages,originate from the fetal yolk sac and represent one of the largest macrophage populations in the ***,the current data on the origin of the cells that restore macrophages during liver injury and regeneration remain ***,we address the question of whether liver macrophage restoration results from circulating monocyte infiltration or local KC proliferation in regenerating livers after partial hepatectomy(PHx)and uncover the underlying *** using several strains of genetically modified mice and performing immunohistochemical analyses,we demonstrated that local KC proliferation mainly contributed to the restoration of liver macrophages after *** KC proliferation was impaired in Il6-knockout(KO)mice and restored after the administration of IL-6 protein,whereas KC proliferation was not affected in Il4-KO or Csf2-KO *** source of IL-6 was identified using hepatocyte-and myeloid-specific Il6-KO mice and the results revealed that both hepatocytes and myeloid cells contribute to IL-6 production after ***,peak KC proliferation was also impaired in myeloid-specific Il6 receptor-KO mice after PHx,suggesting that IL-6 signaling directly promotes KC *** using several inhibitors to block the IL-6 signaling pathway revealed that sirtuin 1(sIRT1)contributed to IL-6-mediated KC proliferation in *** deletion of the sirt1 gene in myeloid cells,including KCs,impaired KC proliferation after *** conclusion,our data suggest that KC repopulation after PHx is mainly driven by local KC proliferation,which is dependent on IL-6 and sIRT1 activation in KCs.

关键词： IL-6 sirtuin 1 Liver regeneration Kupffer cells Myeloid cells

Individuals with and without normal tension glaucoma exhibit comparable performance on tests of cognitive function

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第11期14卷 1721-1728页

作者： Qi N.Cui David Green Mohit Jethi Todd Driver Travis C.Porco Jane Kuo shan C.Lin Robert L.stamper Ying Han cynthia s.Chiu saras Ramanathan Michael E.Ward Katherine Possin Yvonne Ou Department of Ophthalmology University of California San Francisco University of Pennsylvania Francis I.Proctor Foundation University of California San Francisco Glaucoma Center of san Francisco Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health

AIM:To evaluate aspects of cognition impacted by individuals with and without normal tension ***:Fifty normal tension glaucoma(NTG)and 50 control patients≥50 y of age were recruited from the UCsF Department of *** data and glaucoma parameters were extracted from electronic medical records for both *** of executive function[Executive Abilities:Measures and Instruments for Neurobehavioral Evaluation and Research(EXAMINER)]and learning and memory[California Verbal Learning Test–second Edition(CVLT-II)]were administered to both NTG and ***,handedness,best-corrected visual acuity,maximum intraocular pressure,optic nerve cup-todisc ratio,visual field and optic nerve optical coherence tomography parameters,and a measure of general health(Charlson Comorbidity Index)were compared between NTG and controls as well as within NTG *** linear regression was used to compare group performances on the EXAMINER battery and CVLT-II while controlling for age,sex,and years of ***:NTG and controls were comparable with respect to age,sex,race,education,handedness,and the Charlson Comorbidity Index(P>0.05 for all).Performance on the EXAMINER composite score and the CVLT-II did not differ between NTG and controls(P>0.05 for both).CONCLUsION:This is the first prospective study in which the cognitive function of subject with NTG were evaluated using a comprehensive,computerized neurocognitive *** with NTG do not perform worse than unaffected controls on tests of executive function,learning,and memor *** do not suppor t the hypothesis that individuals with NTG are at higher risk for cognitive dysfunction and/or dementia.

关键词： low tension glaucoma dementia mild cognitive impairment neurodegeneration memory and executive function

Colectomy is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism in ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1251-1260页

作者： Gilaad G Kaplan Allen Lim cynthia H seow Gordon W Moran subrata Ghosh Yvette Leung Jennifer Debruyn Geoffrey C Nguyen James Hubbard Remo Panaccione Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 4N1Canada Division of Gastroenterology University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 4N1Canada Departments of Medicine University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 4N1Canada Community Health sciences University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 4N1Canada Paediatrics University of CalgaryCalgary AB T2N 4N1Canada Mount sinai Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease University of TorontoToronto ON M5SCanada Institute for Clinical Evaluative sciences Toronto ON M5SCanada

AIM: To compare venous thromboembolism(VTE) in hospitalized ulcerative colitis(UC) patients who respond to medical management to patients requiring colectomy. METHODs: Population-based surveillance from 1997 to 2009 was used to identify all adults admitted to hospital for a flare of UC and those patients who underwent colectomy. All medical charts were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis and extract clinically relevant information. UC patients were stratified by:(1) responsive to inpatient medical therapy(n = 382);(2) medically refractory requiring emergent colectomy(n = 309); and(3) elective colectomy(n = 329). The primary outcome was the development of VTE during hospitalization or within 6 mo of discharge. Heparin prophylaxis to prevent VTE was assessed. Logistic regression analysis determined the effect of disease course(i.e., responsive to medical therapy, medically refractory, and elective colectomy) on VTE after adjusting for confounders including age, sex, smoking, disease activity, comorbidities, extent of disease, and IBD medications(i.e., corticosteroids, mesalamine, azathioprine, and infliximab). Point estimates were presented as odds ratios(OR) with 95%***: The prevalence of VTE among patients with UC who responded to medical therapy was 1.3% and only 16% of these patients received heparinprophylaxis. In contrast, VTE was higher among patients who underwent an emergent(8.7%) and elective(4.9%) colectomy, despite greater than 90% of patients receiving postoperative heparin prophylaxis. The most common site of VTE was intra-abdominal(45.8%) followed by lower extremity(19.6%). VTE was diagnosed after discharge from hospital in 16.7% of cases. Elective(adjusted OR = 3.69; 95%CI: 1.30-10.44) and emergent colectomy(adjusted OR = 5.28; 95%CI: 1.93-14.45) were significant risk factors for VTE as compared to medically responsive UC patients. Furthermore, the odds of a VTE significantly increased across time(adjusted OR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.01-1.20). Age, sex, c

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Ulcerative colitis Dee