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A new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization in the Hengduan Mountains Region

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 751-768页

作者： xueqin ZHANG Xiaoming xu xiang LI Peng cui Du ZHENG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences-Higher Education Commission of PakistanIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The Hengduan Mountains Region(HMR) is essential for the future ecological protection, clean energy production,Sichuan-Xizang and Yunnan-Xizang railways, and other major infrastructure projects in China. The distributions of climate and vegetation exhibit significant regional differentiation and vertical zonality due to the rugged longitudinal ranges and gorges and the complex disaster-prone environments in HMR. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the climate-vegetation regionalization in HMR to effectively satisfy the national requirements such as agricultural production and ecological protection, mountain disaster risk prevention, and major project construction. We here develop a new scheme of climate-vegetation regionalization with the latest demarcation outcome of HMR, the ground observation from 122 meteorological stations in HMR and its surrounding areas during 1990–2019, and the high-precision remote sensing data of land cover types. The new scheme first constructs the regionalization index system, fully considering the extraordinarily complicated geomorphic pattern of mountains and valleys, the scarcity of meteorological observations, and the remarkable differentiation of climate and vegetation in HMR. The system consists of three primary regionalization indices(i.e., days with daily average temperature steady above 10°C, aridity index, and main vegetation types, dividing the temperature zones, moisture regions, and vegetation subregions, respectively) and three auxiliary indices of the accumulated temperature above 10°C, and the temperatures in January and July. Then, the HMR is divided into five temperature zones, 20 moisture regions, and 55 vegetation subregions. Compared with previous regionalization schemes, the new scheme optimizes the climate spatial interpolation model of thin plate smoothing spline suitable for the unique terrain in HMR. Moreover, the disputed division index threshold between different climatic zones(regions) is scientifically clarifi

关键词： Climate-vegetation regionalization Thin plate smoothing spline(TPSS) GeoDetector Stepwise downscaling pane division method Hengduan Mountains Region

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Sinomenine promotes differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into immature dendritic cells with high induction of immune tolerance

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第8期14卷 599-615页

作者： Xiao-Yan Huang Zhan-Kui Jin Meng Dou Bing-xuan Zheng xiang-Rong Zhao Qing Feng Yang-Meng Feng xiang-Long Duan Pu-xun Tian cui-xiang xu Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases Shaanxi Provincial People’s HospitalXi'an 710068Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Shaanxi Provincial People’s HospitalXi'an 710068Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Kidney Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061Shaanxi ProvinceChina Second Department of General Surgery Shaanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'an 710068Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Immature dendritic cells(imDCs)play an important role in the induction of donor-specific transplant ***,these cells have limitations,such as rapid maturation and a short lifespan in *** previous studies,induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)differentiated into imDCs,and sinomenine(SN)was used to inhibit the maturation of *** To study the capacity of SN to maintain iPSC-derived imDCs(SN-iPSCs-imDCs)in an immature state and the mechanism by which SN-iPSCs-imDCs induce *** In this study,mouse iPSCs were induced to differentiate into imDCs in culture medium without or with SN(iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs).The imDCrelated surface markers,endocytotic capacity of fluorescein isothiocyanate Dextran and apoptosis were analyzed by flow *** effects of iPSCs-imDCs and SNiPSCs-imDCs on T-cell stimulatory function,and regulatory T(Treg)cell proliferative function in vitro were analyzed by mixed lymphocyte *** expression was detected by *** apoptosis-related proteins of iPSCs-DCs and SN-iPSCs-DCs were analyzed by western *** induced immunotolerance of SN-iPSCs-DCs was evaluated by treating recipient Balb/c skin graft *** evaluation of graft survival was performed using Kaplan–Meier *** Both iPSCs-imDCs and SN-iPSCs-imDCs were successfully obtained,and their biological characteristics and ability to induce immunotolerance were ***-iPSCs-imDCs exhibited higher CD11c levels and lower CD80 and CD86 levels compared with *** major histocompatibility complex II expression,worse T-cell stimulatory function,higher Treg cell proliferative function and stronger endocytotic capacity were observed with SN-iPSCs-imDCs(P<0.05).The levels of interleukin(IL)-2,IL-12,interferon-γin SN-iPSCs-imDCs were lower than those in iPSCs-imDCs,whereas IL-10 and transforming growth factor-βlevels were higher(P<0.05).The apoptosis rate of these cells was significan

关键词： Immature dendritic cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Sinomenine Immune tolerance Organ transplantation

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Low-Volatile Binder Enables Thermal Shock-Resistant Thin-Film Cathodes for Thermal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 126-134页

作者： Yong Xie Yong Cao xu Zhang Liangping Dong Xiaojiang Liu Yixiu cui Chao Wang Yanhua cui xuyong Feng Hongfa xiang Long Qie Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Manufacturing thin-film components is crucial for achieving high-efficiency and high-power thermal batteries (TBs).However,developing binders with low-gas production at the operating temperature range of TBs (400-550℃)has proven to be a significant ***,we report the use of acrylic acid derivative terpolymer (LA136D) as a low-volatile binder for thin-film cathode fabrication and studied the chain scission and chemical bondbreaking mechanisms in pyrolysis.

关键词： gas production high-power low-volatile binder thermal battery thin-film cathode

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Mechanical Behavior and Failure Mechanism of an As-Extruded Mg-11wt%Y Alloy at Elevated Temperature

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第6期37卷 969-981页

作者： Lan Zhang Dao-Kui xu Bao-Jie Wang cui-Lan Lu Shuo Wang xiang-Bo xu Dong-Liang Wang Xin Lv En-Hou Han School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang110159China Key Lab of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangdong510070China

Through carrying out the high-temperature tensile experiments on an as-extruded Mg-11wt%Y alloy at 350℃,400℃,450℃,500℃and 550℃,the mechanical behavior and fracture mechanisms at elevated temperatures are investigated and *** results show that with the increase of temperature,the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy increase at first and then decrease,while that the elongation ratio decreases firstly and then *** the sample being tested at 350℃,the values of yield strength,ultimate tensile strength and the elongation ratio are 188 MPa,266 MPa and 11%,*** 400℃,the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength reach the maximum values of,respectively,198 MPa and 277 MPa,but the elongation ratio is the lowest and its value is only 8%.When the applied temperature is increased to 550℃,the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength,respectively,decrease to 140 MPa and 192 MPa and the elongation ratio increases to 38%.Failure analysis demonstrates that the fracture surfaces of different samples are mainly composed of plastic dimples and exhibit the typical characteristic of ductile *** observation to the fracture side surfaces indicates that at the temperatures of 350℃and 400℃,microcracks mainly initiate in the interior of Mg_(24)Y_(5)*** the temperatures are 450℃,500℃and 550℃,the cracks preferentially initiate at the Mg_(24)Y_(5)/α-Mg interfaces.

关键词： Mg-Y alloy High-temperature tensile properties Fracture mechanism Failure analysis

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Advancements and challenges in bionic joint lubrication biomaterials for sports medicine

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BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2024年第3期10卷 89-105页

作者： xiang, Lei Wang, Zhen cui, Wenguo Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Inst Traumatol & Orthopaed Shanghai Key Lab Prevent & Treatment Bone & Joint Dept OrthopaedRuijin HospSch Med Shanghai Peoples R China

Bionic lubricant materials are a class of materials inspired by natural organisms and offer excellent lubrication properties and biocompatibility. In the field of sports medicine, their application opens up new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of sports-related diseases. The authors will introduce the existing theoretical models of friction in the locomotor system, the characteristics and advantages of biomimetic lubrication materials and discuss in depth their applications in the field of sports medicine. The development of bionic lubrication materials opens up unprecedented opportunities for sports medicine to provide more effective and long-lasting treatment options for patients.

关键词： biointerface bio-lubricant biomaterials biomedical application medicine FLEXOR TENDON REPAIR SYNOVIAL-FLUID BOUNDARY LUBRICATION SURFACE MODIFICATION ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE GLIDING RESISTANCE OSTEOARTHRITIS LUBRICIN PREVENTION

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Decomposition mechanisms of nuclear-grade cationic exchange resin by advanced oxidation processes:Statistical molecular fragmentation model and DFT calculations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 433-448页

作者： xiang Meng Pierre Désesquelles Lejin xu Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China CNRS Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des PlasmasUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay 91405France State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The treatment and disposal of radioactive waste are presently facing great *** ion exchange resins have become a focus of attention due to their high production and serious environmental *** this paper,a simplified model of cationic exchange resin is proposed,and the degradation processes of cationic resin monomer initiated by hydroxyl radicals(·OH)are clarified by combining statistical molecular fragmentation(SMF)model and density functional theory(DFT)*** prediction of active sites indicates that the S-O bonds and the C-S bond of the sulfonic group are more likely to react during the *** meta-position of the sulfonic group on the benzene ring is the most active site,and the benzene ring without the sulfonic group has a certain *** C11-C14 and C17-C20 bonds,on the carbon skeleton,are the most easily *** is also found that dihydroxy addition and elimination reactions play a major role in the process of desulfonation,carbon skeleton cleavage and benzene ring *** decomposition mechanisms found through the combination of physical models and chemical calculations,provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

关键词： Cationic exchange resin Statistical molecular fragmentation model Density functional theory Hydroxyl radical Decomposition mechanism

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Finite Element Method for Transient Electric Field by Using Indirect Laplace Transform with High Accuracy

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 401-411页

作者： Teng Wen xiang cui xuebao Li Sijia Liu Zhibin Zhao State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China China Electric Power Planning&Engineering Institute Beijing 100120China

This paper focuses on the finite element method in the complex frequency domain(CFD-FEM)for the transient electric ***,the initial value and boundary value problem of the transient electric field under the electroquasistatic field in the complex frequency domain is *** addition,the finite element equation and the constrained electric field equation on the boundary are ***,the indirect algorithm of the numerical inverse Laplace transform is *** on it,the calculation procedures of the CFD-FEM are illustrated in ***,the step response,zero-state response under the positive periodic square waveform(PPSW)voltage,and the zero-input response by the CFD-FEM with direct algorithm and indirect algorithm are ***,the reason for the numerical oscillations of the zero-state response under the PPSW voltage is analyzed,and the method to reduce oscillations is *** results show that the numerical accuracy of the indirect algorithm of the CFD-FEM is more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the direct algorithm when calculating the step response of the transient electric *** proposed method can significantly reduce the numerical oscillations of the zero-state response under the PPSW *** proposed method is helpful for the calculation of the transient electric field,especially in the case of frequency-dependent parameters.

关键词： Electroquasistatic field transient electric field finite element method complex frequency domain numerical Laplace transform

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Intensified warming suppressed the snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 452-463页

作者： xiang LI Peng cui xue-Qin ZHANG Fang ZHANG Key Lab of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China‒Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences and Higher Education CommissionIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Understanding how hydrological factors interrelate is crucial when examining the impact of climate warming on ***,these connections are often overlooked,leading to an unclear relationship between temperature and *** study investigates the complex interplay between temperature and snowmelt in the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2020,focusing on how extreme high-temperature events affect the frequency of extreme *** a structural equation model,we detected three temperature-related factors that predominantly influenced snowmelt and extreme *** annual average temperature was found to have a significant indirect impact on snowmelt,mediated by changes in snowfall,snow depth and snow *** contrast,high-temperature days(daily maximum temperatures exceeding the 90th percentile)and heat waves(at least three consecutive high-temperature days)negatively affected extreme snowmelt directly or *** direct effect of increasing extreme temperature events was associated with an earlier onset of high-temperature periods,which accelerated snowmelt and shortened the duration of extreme snowmelt ***,the reduction in snow cover owing to warming emerged as a main factor suppressing snowmelt and extreme snowmelt *** also revealed spatiotemporal variations in the temperature‒snowmelt relationship that highly depended on changes in snowmelt *** study elucidated why warming suppresses snowmelt and extreme snowmelt events in the Tibetan Plateau,highlighting the mediating roles of snow-related and phenological *** findings will provide scientific support for climate simulation and water management policymaking in alpine regions worldwide.

关键词： Climate change Extreme temperature Snowmelt Structural equation model Tibetan Plateau

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NUMERICAL STUDY ON QUASI- STEADY FLOW OF NONNEWTONIAN FLUID IN SUCK-ROD PUMP

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1993年第4期5卷 112-117页

作者： cui Gui-xiang xu Wei-ran Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,P.R.China

This paper presents a numerical method for simulation of the flow and the calculated results of the quasi-steady axisymmetrical flow field and pressure distribution on valve ball with power-law model for Non-Newtonian fluid in suck-rod *** believe the method can provide a foundation for further research and improvement of the design of suck-rod pump.

关键词： Non-Newtonian flows Numerical simulation suck-rod pump

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Perspective of Calcium Imaging Technology Applied to Acupuncture Research

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 3-9页

作者： LI Sha LIU Yun ZHANG Nan LI Wang xu Wen-jie xu Yi-qian CHEN Yi-yuan cui xiang ZHU Bing GAO Xin-yan Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing(100700)China

Acupuncture, a therapeutic treatment defined as the insertion of needles into the body at specific points(ie, acupoints), has growing in popularity world-wide to treat various diseases effectively, especially acute and chronic pain. In parallel, interest in the physiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia, particularly the neural mechanisms have been increasing. Over the past decades, our understanding of how the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system process signals induced by acupuncture has developed rapidly by using electrophysiological methods. However, with the development of neuroscience, electrophysiology is being challenged by calcium imaging in view field, neuron population and visualization in vivo. Owing to the outstanding spatial resolution, the novel imaging approaches provide opportunities to enrich our knowledge about the neurophysiological mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia at subcellular, cellular, and circuit levels in combination with new labeling, genetic and circuit tracing techniques. Therefore, this review will introduce the principle and the method of calcium imaging applied to acupuncture research. We will also review the current findings in pain research using calcium imaging from in vitro to in vivo experiments and discuss the potential methodological considerations in studying acupuncture analgesia.

关键词： acupuncture research calcium imaging optical imaging nervous system

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