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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 358-365页

作者： crystal s seldon Lauren E Colbert William A Hall sarah B Fisher David s Yu Jerome C Landry Department of Radiation Oncology Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology the Medial College of Wisconsin Division of surgical Oncology Department of Surgery Emory University School of Medicine

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a very poor prognosis. Recently, there has been a significant increase in research directed towards identifying potential biomarkers that can be used to diagnose and provide prognostic information for pancreatic cancer. These markers can be used clinically to optimize and personalize therapy for individual patients. In this review, we focused on 3 biomarkers involved in the DNA damage response pathway and the necroptosis pathway: Chromodomainhelicase-DNA binding protein 5, chromodomain-helicaseDNA binding protein 7, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. The aim of this article is to review present literature provided for these biomarkers and current studies in which their effectiveness as prognostic biomarkers are analyzed in order to determine their future use as biomarkers in clinical medicine. Based on the data presented, these biomarkers warrant further investigation,and should be validated in future studies.

关键词： Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 5 Chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding protein 7 Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Biomarker

Cumulative Exposure to Natural Hazards and Mental Health in China: Are Older People More Vulnerable or More Resilient Than Younger and Middle-Aged Adults?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第2期15卷 277-289页

作者： shuai Zhou crystal Kwan Department of Applied social sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Despite the well-documented impacts of single natural hazards like earthquakes, less is known about the psychological adaptation to multiple natural hazards, particularly in rural areas. This study investigated the associations of multiple natural hazards with depression among Chinese adults. Data were retrieved from the China Family Panel studies conducted during 2010–2018. With a sample of 11,633 Chinese adults, multilevel logistic regression was employed to examine the relationships between natural hazard exposure and depression in the total sample and different age groups. Overall, experiencing four or more natural hazards was associated with a higher risk of being depressed. Regarding hazard type, the number of hydrometeorological and biological hazards was associated with a higher likelihood of depression, whereas the number of geologic and other hazards was related to a lower risk of depression. Middle-aged adults from villages were more likely to be affected by natural hazard exposure than older and younger adults. The findings of this study show that cumulative exposure to natural hazards can generate lasting effects on depressive symptoms, particularly in middle adulthood. The findings also suggest that older adults from rural areas may have accumulated more resilience to mitigate the adverse well-being effects of hazard events. Policies and interventions should enhance disaster awareness and preparation for aging residents from multi-hazard communities.

关键词： Age differences China Depressive symptoms Multi-hazard communities Natural hazard exposure

Hypertonia-linked protein Trakl functions with mitofusins to promote mitochondrial tethering and fusion

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Protein & Cell 2018年第8期9卷 693-716页

作者： crystal A. Lee Lih-shen Chin Lian Li Department of Pharmacology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 USA Cell Biology section Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

Hypertonia is a neurological dysfunction associated with a number of central nervous system disorders, including cerebral palsy, Parkinson＇s disease, dystonia, and epilepsy. Genetic studies have identified a homozygous truncation mutation in Trakl that causes hypertonia in mice. Moreover, elevated Trakl protein expression is associated with several types of cancers and variants in Trakl are linked to childhood absence epilepsy in humans. Despite the importance of Trakl in health and disease, the mechanisms of Trakl action remain unclear and the pathogenic effects of Trakl mutation are unknown. Here we report that Trakl has a crucial function in regulation of mitochondrial fusion. Depletion of Trakl inhibits mitochondrial fusion, result- ing in mitochondrial fragmentation, whereas overex- pression of Trakl elongates and enlarges mitochondria. Our analyses revealed that Trakl interacts and colocal- izes with mitofusins on the outer mitochondrial mem- brane and functions with mitofusins to promote mitochondrial tethering and fusion. Furthermore, Trakl is required for stress-induced mitochondrial hyperfu- sion and pro-survival response. We found that hyper- tonia-associated mutation impairs Trakl mitochondrial localization and its ability to facilitate mitochondrial tethering and fusion. Our findings uncover a novel function of Trakl as a regulator of mitochondrial fusion and provide evidence linking dysregulated mitochon- drial dynamics to hypertonia pathogenesis.

关键词： mitochondria mitochondrial fusion mitochondrial tethering mitofusin hypertonia

Investigating the effects of peptide-based,MOs and protease feed additives on the growth performance and fecal microbial composition of weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1469-1482页

作者： Prakash Poudel Ryan samuel crystal Levesque Benoit st-Pierre Himalayan Pet Foods MukilteoWashington 98275USA Department of Animal science South Dakota State UniversityAnimal Science ComplexBox 2170BrookingsSD 57007USA

Background:Digestive disorders in weaning pigs remain a major challenge for swine *** types of commercial feed additives have been developed to promote gut health and development in young pigs,but their effects on resident gut microbial communities remain largely *** aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a peptide-based product(Peptiva)in combination with mannose oligosaccharides(MOs)and an exogenous protease on the performance and fecal microbiome of nursery ***:A total of 1097 weaned pigs were divided into 44 pens(24-26 pigs/pen)with each pen randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets as part of Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ of a standard nursery phase feeding *** samples collected from representative control and treatment pigs were used to investigate bacterial composition profiles by high throughput sequencing of PCR-generated amplicons targeting the V1-V3 region of the 16s rRNA ***:Higher gain:feed was observed for pigs fed Peptiva and MOs compared to Controls during the period when experimental diets were fed,but the benefits of supplementation were not maintained after pigs were transitioned to a non-supplemented *** candidate bacterial species,identified as Operational Taxonomic Units(OTUs),were found to have significantly different abundances between control samples and treatment samples during the same *** Phase Ⅲ samples,sD_ssd-00039,predicted to be a strain of streptococcus alactolyticus based on nucleotide sequence identity,was the most highly represented of these OTUs with an average abundance in pigs fed Peptiva,MOs and protease that was 3.9 times higher than in *** report also presents evidence of microbial succession that occurred during the trial,with 16 of the 32 most abundant OTUs found to vary between Phase Ⅱ and Phase Ⅲ samples for the same dietary ***:Dietary supplementation with a combination of a peptide-based product,MOs,and protease in

关键词： Bacteria Gut Microbiome MOs Peptide Protease swine Weaning

Tuning macrophages for atherosclerosis treatment

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 280-293页

作者： Fei Fang crystal Xiao Chunli Li Xiaoheng Liu song Li Institute of Biomedical Engineering West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA Department of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia 90095USA

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease and a leading cause of death *** play an important role in inflammatory responses,cell-cell communications,plaque growth and plaque rupture in atherosclerotic ***,we review the sources,functions and complex phenotypes of macrophages in the progression of atherosclerosis,and discuss the recent approaches in modulating macrophage phenotype and autophagy for atherosclerosis *** then focus on the drug delivery strategies that target macrophages or use macrophage membrane-coated particles to deliver therapeutics to the lesion *** biomaterial-based approaches that target,modulate or engineer macrophages have broad applications for disease therapies and tissue regeneration.

关键词： macrophages atherosclerosis drug delivery system immune engineering

Can scavengers save zebras from anthrax? A modeling study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 56-74页

作者： crystal Mackey Christopher Kribs Department of Mathematics University of Texas at Arlington411 South Nedderman DriveBox 19408ArlingtonTX76019USA

Namibia’s Etosha National Park(ENP)is home to many different animals such as lions,jackals,hyenas,zebras,elephants,*** year,grazing animals are infected and die from anthrax caused by the bacteria Bacillus *** increases the number of carcasses in the park,which serve as food for scavengers such as *** study investigates the interplay between anthrax transmission in zebras and the scavenging of zebra carcasses in ENP,using a deterministic mathematical model to describe the population *** strive to answer the following research questions:Under what conditions can the presence of scavengers control anthrax outbreaks in zebra populations=Does carcass production by anthrax help or hurt scavengers in the long term?standard qualitative analysis techniques distinguished outcomes(stable equilibria)using reproduction numbers as threshold *** found that,when scavengers feed on anthrax-laden carcasses,the scavengers help the zebras,by eliminating potential infection zones for the *** this way they reduce anthrax’s spread by orders of *** also identify conditions under which the presence of anthrax benefits the scavengers,in terms of death-to-birth ratios for zebras,scavengers and anthrax.

关键词： Disease ecology Anthrax scavengers Demographic reproductive number Dynamical system

THE sYNTHEsIs OF 4,5-BIs(4'-BROMOBENZYLTHIODITHIOLE-2-THIONE WITH ONE DIMENsIONAL INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONs

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第2期7卷 103-104页

作者： Fang QI(Institute of crystal Materials, shandong University, Jinan, 250100) Institute of crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

The title compound BBBT-Dry (C17H12Br2s5, Mr=536.42) has been synthesized and its structure feature has been described. BBBT-DTT is characterized by one dimensional chains formed by s…s (head to head) and Br…Br (tai... 详细信息

关键词： BIs THIONE WITH INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONs OF sYNTHEsIs DITHIOLE DIMENsIONAL BROMOBENZYLTHIO

Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus ameliorate restenosis via improving inflammation and regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1711-1728页

作者： crystal Ngofi Zumbi Chun-Hsu Pan Hui-Yu Huang Chieh-Hsi Wu Program in Clinical Drug Development from Herbal Medicine College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China school of Pharmacy Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity sciences Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China

Restenosis is a common complication following coronary *** traditional use of seaweeds for health benefits has increasingly been explored,however few studies exist reporting its protective effects on the development of restenosis and gut *** aim of this study was to investigate the potential of seaweed extracts(sE) of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a rat model of restenosis and its underlying mechanisms in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells(vsMCs).16s rRNA sequencing was done to investigate the regulatory effect of sE on the gut microbiome of injured *** indicated by the results,sE significantly inhibited the progression of intimal hyperplasia in vivo,attenuated inflammation in macrophages and could inhibit the proliferation,dedifferentiation and migration of *** was observed through immunoblotting assays that treatment with sE significantly upregulated PTEN expression in macrophages and inhibited the upregulation of PI3K and AKT expression in ***,according to the 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis,supplementation with sE modulated gut microbiota composition in injured *** conclusion,sE could ameliorate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting inflammation and vsMCs proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating the gut microbiome.

关键词： Ascophyllum nodosum Fucus vesiculosus PTEN/PI3K/AKT Restenosis Macrophage Vascular smooth muscle cells Gut microbiota

Posterior interosseous nerve localization within the proximal forearm-a patient normalized parameter

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第4期8卷 310-316页

作者： srinath Kamineni crystal R Norgren Evan M Davidson Ellora P Kamineni Andrew s Deane Elbow shoulder Research Centre Depart-ment of Orthopaedics and Sports MedicineUniversity of Kentucky University of Kentucky College of Medicine Paul Laurence Dunbar High school Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of Medicine

AIM To provide a "patient-normalized" parameter in the proximal forearm. METHODs sixty-three cadaveric upper extremities from thirty-five cadavers were studied. A muscle splitting approach was utilized to locate the posterior interosseous nerve(PIN) at the point where it emerges from beneath the supinator. The supinator was carefully incised to expose the midpoint length of the nerve as it passes into the forearm while preserving the associated fascial connections, thereby preserving the relationship of the nerve with the muscle. We measured the transepicondylar distance(TED), PIN distance in the forearm's neutral rotation position, pronation position, supination position, and the nerve width. Two individuals performed measurements using a digital caliper with inter-observer and intraobserver blinding. The results were analyzed with the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples. REsULTs In pronation, the PIN was within two confidence intervals of 1.0 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.7-1.3 TED); in neutral, within two confidence intervals of 0.84 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-1.1 TED); in supination,within two confidence intervals of 0.72 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-0.9 TED). The mean PIN distance from the lateral epicondyle was 100% of TED in a pronated forearm, 84% in neutral, and 72% in supination. Predictive accuracy was highest in supination; in all cases the majority of specimens(90.47%-95.23%) are within 2 cm of the forearm position-specific percentage of TED. When comparing right to left sides for TEDs with the signed Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples as well as a significance test(with normal distribution), the P-value was 0.0357(significance-0.05) indicating a significant difference between the two *** This "patient normalized" parameter localizes the PIN crossing a line drawn between the lateral epicondyle and the radial styloid. Accurate PIN localization will aid in diagnosis, injections, and surgical approaches.

关键词： Posterior interosseous nerve Radial nerve Transepicondylar distance Radial tunnel syndrome supinator syndrome

Impact of prehospital medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) transport time on combat mortality in patients with noncompressible torso injury and traumatic amputations: a retrospective study

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Military Medical Research 2019年第1期6卷 23-30页

作者： Joseph K.Maddry crystal A.Perez Alejandra G.Mora Jill D.Lear shelia C.savell Vikhyat s.Bebarta Us Air Force En route Care Research Center 59th MDW/sT Chief Scientist's Office –US Army Institute of Surgical research JBSA Ft.Sam Houston Department of Emergency Medicine San Antonio Military Medical CenterJBSA Ft. Sam Houston Us Air Force En route Care Research Center 59th MDW/sT Chief Scientist's Office –US Army Institute of Surgical researchJBSA Ft.Sam Houston Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine

Background: In combat operations, patients with traumatic injuries require expeditious evacuation to improve survival. studies have shown that long transport times are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Limited data exist on the influence of transport time on patient outcomes with specific injury types. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the duration of time from the initial request for medical evacuation to arrival at a medical treatment facility on morbidity and mortality in casualties with traumatic extremity amputation and noncompressible torso injury(NCTI).Methods: We completed a retrospective review of MEDEVAC patient care records for United states military personnel who sustained traumatic amputations and NCTI during Operation Enduring Freedom between January 2011 and March 2014. We grouped patients as traumatic amputation and NCTI(AMP+NCTI), traumatic amputation only(AMP),and neither AMP nor NCTI(Non-AMP/NCTI). Analysis was performed using chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests,Cochran-Armitage Trend tests, shapiro-Wilks tests, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis techniques and Cox proportional hazards regression ***: We reviewed 1267 records, of which 669 had an injury severity score(Iss) of 10 or greater and were included in the analysis. In the study population, 15.5% sustained only amputation injuries(n=104, AMP only), 10.8% sustained amputation and NCTI(n=72, AMP+NCTI), and 73.7% did not sustain either an amputation or an NCTI(n=493,Non-AMP/NCTI). AMP+NCTI had the highest mortality(16.7%) with transport time greater than 60 min. While the AMP+NCTI group had decreasing survival with longer transport times, AMP and Non-AMP/NCTI did not exhibit the same ***: A decreased transport time from the point of injury to a medical treatment facility was associated with decreased mortality in patients who suffered a combination of amputation injury and NCTI. No significant association between transport time

关键词： Transport time Non-compressible torso injury Traumatic amputation Combat