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Hypertonia-linked protein Trakl functions with mitofusins to promote mitochondrial tethering and fusion

Protein & Cell 2018年第8期9卷 693-716页

作者： crystal A. lee Lih-Shen Chin Lian Li Department of Pharmacology Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 USA Cell Biology Section Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

Hypertonia is a neurological dysfunction associated with a number of central nervous system disorders, including cerebral palsy, Parkinson＇s disease, dystonia, and epilepsy. Genetic studies have identified a homozygous truncation mutation in Trakl that causes hypertonia in mice. Moreover, elevated Trakl protein expression is associated with several types of cancers and variants in Trakl are linked to childhood absence epilepsy in humans. Despite the importance of Trakl in health and disease, the mechanisms of Trakl action remain unclear and the pathogenic effects of Trakl mutation are unknown. Here we report that Trakl has a crucial function in regulation of mitochondrial fusion. Depletion of Trakl inhibits mitochondrial fusion, result- ing in mitochondrial fragmentation, whereas overex- pression of Trakl elongates and enlarges mitochondria. Our analyses revealed that Trakl interacts and colocal- izes with mitofusins on the outer mitochondrial mem- brane and functions with mitofusins to promote mitochondrial tethering and fusion. Furthermore, Trakl is required for stress-induced mitochondrial hyperfu- sion and pro-survival response. We found that hyper- tonia-associated mutation impairs Trakl mitochondrial localization and its ability to facilitate mitochondrial tethering and fusion. Our findings uncover a novel function of Trakl as a regulator of mitochondrial fusion and provide evidence linking dysregulated mitochon- drial dynamics to hypertonia pathogenesis.

关键词： mitochondria mitochondrial fusion mitochondrial tethering mitofusin hypertonia

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珠宝灵感地图朝圣从这里开始

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芭莎珠宝 2018年第2期 70-81页

作者： crystal lee 陈旭初晴张洪福 Getty Images 东方IC

巴洛克、洛可可、新古典主义……那些最著名的艺术风格都不约而同地在欧洲的古迹建筑中留下了浓重的痕迹。这里曾经的主人更是影响整个艺术发展的关键人物，他们拥有最顶级的珠宝、最值得称道的审美与情趣。艺术、宗教、历史、品位在这... 详细信息

巴洛克、洛可可、新古典主义……那些最著名的艺术风格都不约而同地在欧洲的古迹建筑中留下了浓重的痕迹。这里曾经的主人更是影响整个艺术发展的关键人物，他们拥有最顶级的珠宝、最值得称道的审美与情趣。艺术、宗教、历史、品位在这里凝聚为源源不断的灵感源泉。

关键词：灵感珠宝地图艺术风格新古典主义艺术发展巴洛克可可

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Gatekeepers of The Guardian:Insights Into p53 Activation by MDM2 and MDM4 Revealed by Mouse Models and In Vitro Studies

Gatekeepers of The Guardian:Insights Into p53 Activation by ...

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第四届中国肿瘤学术大会暨第五届海峡两岸肿瘤学术会议

作者： Geoffrey M. Wahl Kurt Krummel crystal lee Chung-Wen Liu Luo-Wei Rodewald Franck Toledo Mark Wade Ee-Tsin Wong The Salk Institute for Biological Studies The Salk Institute for Biological Studies The Salk Institute for Biological Studies The Salk Institute for Biological Studies and Institut Pasteur Unité d’Expression Génétique et Maladies The Salk Institute for Biological Studies The Salk Institute for Biological Studies

＜正＞Background: The p53 tumor suppressor has been called the "Guardian of the Genome" since it prevents cells that have irrepairable DNA damage from proliferating. p53 is a stress responsive transcriptional regulator that is activated by many adverse conditions that impinge on developing tumor cells to prevent them from dividing. This ensures genetic stability, and prevents the emergence of genetically variant clones. Conversely, loss of p53 allows cells to proliferate under challenging, potentially genotoxic conditions. Thus, loss of p53 function is highly selected during tumor progres-

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary fat effects on reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第3期13卷 662-681页

作者： Lixue Wang Shuai Zhang lee J.Johnston crystal L.Levesque Jingdong Yin Bing Dong State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China West Central Research and Outreach Center University of MinnesotaMorrisMN 56267USA Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture and Biological SciencesSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57007USA

Effects of added fat in sow diets on the sows’reproductive performance and offspring growth performance are influenced by multiple factors such as genetics,nutrition,parity,ambient temperatures,and farm *** studies cannot cover all these *** the view to address this challenge,we searched all studies that were published from 1986 to 2020,and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the fat *** total,19 papers were collected and *** supplementation in sow diets during late gestation and lactation decreased average daily feed intake(ADFI,P<0.05)and tended to increase average daily energy intake(ADEI,P=0.11).It had no impact on litter weights at birth(P=0.40)or weaning(P=0.46).It increased total numbers of piglets at birth(P=0.07),but had no effect on liveborn per litter(P=0.90)or survival rate(P=0.48)of piglets to *** supplementation had no significant effect on sow body weight loss(P=0.67)or backfat thickness changes(P=0.66),but sows fed diets with added fat had increased milk fat concentration(P=0.03)and shorter wean to estrus intervals(WEI,P=0.01).In specific circumstances,fat supplementation tended to improve growth performance of piglets with low litter weights at birth(P=0.14),or when the sows lost large amounts of body weight during lactation(P=0.11).The level of supplemented fat was 10%and higher would decrease liveborn per litter at neutral temperature(P=0.10).The meta-analysis revealed that fat supplementation to sows diet during late gestation and lactation can be beneficial for sow reproductive performance and litter growth performance.

关键词： Diets Fat Growth performance Piglets Reproductive performance Sows

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Is "Winter Coming" for International Arbitration?

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仲裁与法律 2022年第2期 181-203页

作者： crystal Wong Wai Chin lee Hishammuddin Allen & Gledhill

An effective and efficient arbitral process is essential for the viability and sustainability of international arbitration as the preferred dispute resolution *** a well-functioning,independent,and productive justice system,decisions are taken within a reasonable time and predictably,are effectively enforced,and commercial rights are adequately *** has shown that the costs and time of international arbitration are rising and generated negative feedbacks and criticism from the *** issue has been brought to the forefront and become internationally *** essay is authored as a result of major dissatisfaction with the complaints launched and with a hope to retain the golden summer of international *** essay first evaluates the reasons for the complaint of delay and cost and offers practical measures and solutions in addressing these *** essay further prophesies and welcome International Arbitration 4.0( "IA 4.0"),by setting out the innovative technological solutions,such as e-briefs,visual data room,and automated case management system,which should be adopted in arbitral processes and the framework to design and pilot a successful revolution of IA 4.0.

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Unveiling anomalous lattice shrinkage induced by Pi-backbonding in Prussian blue analogues

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 121-128,I0004页

作者： Ju-Hyeon lee Jin-Gyu Bae Hyeon Jeong lee Ji Hoon lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials University of OxfordOxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom

Transition-metal(TM)-based Prussian blue and its analogues(TM-PBAs) have attracted considerable attention as cathode materials owing to their versatile ion storage capability with tunable working voltages. TM-PBAs with different crystal structures, morphologies, and TM combinations can exhibit excellent electrochemical properties because of their unique and robust host frameworks with well-defined ionic diffusion channels. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the performance dependence of TM-PBAs on structural changes during charging/discharging processes. In this study, in situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure analyses elucidate the TMdependent structural changes in a series of TM-PBAs during the charging and discharging *** the discharging process, the lattice volume of Fe-PBA increased while those of Ni-and Cu-PBAs decreased. This discrepancy is attributed to the extent of size reduction of the cyanometallate complex([Fe(CN)_(6)]) via pi-backbonding from Fe to C due to redox flips of the low-spin Fe^(3+/2+) ion. This study presents a comprehensive understanding of how TM selection affects capacity acquisition and phase transition in TM-PBAs, a promising class of cathode materials.

关键词： Prussian blue analogues X-ray diffraction X-ray absorption fine structure Pi-backdonation Cyanides

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2D material inorganic liquid crystals for tunable deep UV light modulation

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 62-63页

作者： Young Hee lee Department of Energy Science and Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics Institute for Basic Science Sungkyunkwan University

Modulation of light refers to the modulation of electromagnetic radiation in the optical region including visible light as well as ultraviolet and infrared radiation,in which the amplitude (and therefore the intensity),phase,frequency or polarization of the radiated oscillations can be changed [1].Optical modulator devices are widely used in industry,as represented by liquid crystal optical modulators having an annual global market worth of over US$100 ***,

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Effects of Doped Elements on Electrochemical Performance of Ni(OH)_2 Materials

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2007年第4期23卷 452-455页

作者： lee Chang-sheng School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University

High energy ball milling （HEBM） method was applied to synthesize Ni （OH）2 with different doped elements sub-stitution for Ni^2＋. The morphology, structure and electrochemical behavior of prepared powders were studied. The re-suits reveal that all the synthesized Ni（OH）2 particles were in sub-micron sizes and greatly agglomerated. Co-, Mg-,Fe- or Mn-doped Ni （OH） 2 was of β-phase with 0.400-0.500 nm crystal interlayer distance, while A1- and Zn-doped products displayed a-phase with larger crystal interlayer spaces. The electrochemical mechanisms of synthe-sized Ni（OH）2 electrodes were discussed by EIS spectra. The specific capacity of Co-doped Ni （OH）2 is 245 mA·h · g^-1, i. e. , 60 mA· h · g^-1 higher than that of Al-doped electrode, which has the highest discharging plat-form of a mid-voltage of 1.30 V.

关键词： Nickel hydroxide High energy ball milling method Metallic ion adulteration Electrochemical discharging capacity

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crystal plasticity finite element simulations on extruded Mg-10Gd rod with texture gradient

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第8期12卷 3409-3430页

作者： Jaeseong lee Dirk Steglich Youngung Jeong Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering Changwon National University25 Changwondaehak-roChangwonRepublic of Korea Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Material Systems ModelingD-21502 GeesthachtGermany School of Materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University25 Changwondaehak-roChangwonRepublic of Korea

The mechanical properties of an extruded Mg-10Gd sample, specifically designed for vascular stents, are crucial for predicting its behavior under service conditions. Achieving homogeneous stresses in the hoop direction, essential for characterizing vascular stents, poses challenges in experimental testing based on standard specimens featuring a reduced cross section. This study utilizes an elasto-visco-plastic self-consistent polycrystal model(ΔEVPSC) with the predominant twinning reorientation(PTR) scheme as a numerical tool, offering an alternative to mechanical testing. For verification, various mechanical experiments, such as uniaxial tension, compression, notched-bar tension, three-point bending, and C-ring compression tests, were conducted. The resulting force vs. displacement curves and textures were then compared with those based on the ΔEVPSC model. The computational model's significance is highlighted by simulation results demonstrating that the differential hardening along with a weak strength differential effect observed in the Mg-10Gd sample is a result of the interplay between micromechanical deformation mechanisms and deformation-induced texture evolution. Furthermore, the study highlights that incorporating the axisymmetric texture from the as-received material incorporating the measured texture gradient significantly improves predictive accuracy on the strength in the hoop direction. Ultimately, the findings suggest that the ΔEVPSC model can effectively predict the mechanical behavior resulting from loading scenarios that are impossible to realize experimentally, emphasizing its valuable contribution as a digital twin.

关键词： crystal plasticity Texture Finite element C-ring Three-point bending

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Patterning of Metal Halide Perovskite Thin Films and Functional Layers for Optoelectronic Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 494-513页

作者： Jin‑Wook lee Seong Min Kang Department of Nano Engineering and Department of Nano Science and Technology SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT)Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

In recent years,metal halide perovskites have received significant attention as materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices owing to their excellent optoelectronic *** unprecedented rapid evolution in the device performance has been achieved by gaining an advanced understanding of the composition,crystal growth,and defect engineering of *** device performances approach their theoretical limits,effective optical management becomes essential for achieving higher *** this review,we discuss the status and perspectives of nano to micron-scale patterning methods for the optical management of perovskite optoelectronic *** initially discuss the importance of effective light harvesting and light outcoupling via optical ***,the recent progress in various patterning/texturing techniques applied to perovskite optoelectronic devices is summarized by categorizing them into top-down and bottom-up ***,we discuss the perspectives of advanced patterning/texturing technologies for the development and commercialization of perovskite optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Perovskites Optoelectronics Light outcoupling Light harvesting Patterning

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