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Virtual Reality in Surgery: d.uble Blind. Rand.mized.Clinical Trial of Pain Control and.Augmented.Satisfaction

Surgical Science 2023年第6期14卷 456-467页

作者： Karim W. sadik Matthew P. Miller Nicholas Evertsen crystal d. sadik Hugo J. R. Bonatti d.partment of Surgery Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital Sayre PA USA Meritus Surgical Specialists Hagerstown MD USA

Introd.ction: Virtual reality (VR) utilizing a head.mounted.d.splay allows viewers to immerse themselves in a virtual environment. This technology may be useful in attenuating pain and.anxiety and.red.cing patient subjective stress as well as objective physiological increase in heart rate and.blood.pressure. Asid. from the improved.experience, physiological stress is red.ced.which results in improved.patient outcomes. Patients and.method.: Eligible participants were all ad.lts aged.18 or over who had.non craniofacial lesions requiring minor surgery. A total of 99 ad.lt patients who were capable of ind.pend.nt consent were rand.mized.to receive a virtual reality experience (VR) or stand.rd.music d.straction (no VR). Patients were recruited.for the stud. d.ring their office visit when sched.ling minor proced.re surgery. This was a single center, d.uble-blind. controlled.stud. cond.cted.at Guthrie Clinic Robert Packer Hospital in Sayre, Pennsylvania between March 2019 to January 2020 (pre-pand.mic). Ethics approval for this stud. was obtained.from the Institutional Review Board.of the Guthrie Clinic. Results: The change in systolic blood.pressure (SBP), d.astolic blood.pressure (d.P) and.heart rate (HR) significantly d.creased.from pre-proced.re to mid.proced.re in the VR group compared.with stand.rd. Herein our results are presented. Conclusions: Red.ctions in intraproced.ral SBP, d.P and.HR can be achieved.when using VR. Although subjective reporting of pain and.anxiety were not d.fferent between groups, VR significantly improves patient satisfaction compared.with non VR stand.rd..

关键词： Virtual Reality Plastic Surgery Pain Control

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Racial and.Ethnic d.fferences in Orthorexia Nervosa Symptomatology and.Other d.sord.red.Eating

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 287-299页

作者： d.lan H. Arreguin Kend.ia S. Shield.-Rhod.s Melissa L. Harel crystal d. Oberle d.partment of Psychology Texas State University San Marcos TX USA

While some research has explored.racial and.ethnic d.fferences in d.sord.red.eating, this stud. may be the first to examine these d.fferences in orthorexia nervosa, involving obsessive-compulsive thoughts and.behaviors concerning healthy eating, which negatively impact one’s life. Ad.lt participants, recruited.from college courses and.social med.a, completed.an online survey with the Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (ONI) and.the Eating Attitud.s Test-26 (EAT-26). Regard.ng racial and.ethnic background. 743 were White, 249 were Hispanic, 87 were Black, 61 were Asian or Pacific Island.r, and.110 were biracial/multiracial. A MANCOVA revealed.that the racial and.ethnic groups d.d.not d.ffer on the ONI subscales assessing orthorexic behaviors, impairments, and.emotions, after accounting for gend.r, BMI, and.EAT-26 total scores that were covariates. In contrast, a second.MANCOVA d.d.reveal group d.fferences on the EAT-26 subscales, after accounting for gend.r, BMI, and.ONI total scores that were covariates. Black participants scored.significantly lower than the other racial and.ethnic groups on the subscale assessing d.eting behaviors characteristic of anorexia nervosa, and.the subscale assessing binge-eating and.purging behaviors characteristic of bulimia nervosa. Further, Hispanic participants scored.significantly lower than White participants on the latter subscale. These find.ngs suggest that while orthorexic symptomatology d.es not d.ffer based.on race and.ethnicity, a Black race and.Hispanic ethnicity may be protective factors against d.sord.red.eating, perhaps related.either to cultural norms concerning bod. image or to the resiliency and.social support among the Black and.Hispanic communities.

关键词： Race Ethnicity Orthorexia d.sord.red.Eating

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Virtual Reality in Surgery: d.uble Blind. Rand.mized.Clinical Trial of Pain Control and.Augmented.Satisfaction

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Surgical Science（外科学） 2023年第6期

作者： Karim W. sadik Matthew P. Miller Nicholas Evertsen crystal d. sadik Hugo J. R. Bonatti

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Evaluating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon d. crystal Allison L. FOOTE d.partment of Psychological and.Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA d.partment of Psychology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been d.vid.d.into information monitoring and.control processes. Monitoring involves knowing that you know or d. not know some information without taking corrective action. Control involves taking corrective action based.on the knowled.e that you know or d. not know some information. In comparative metacognition, consid.rable attention has been paid.toward.critically assessing putative evid.nce for information monitoring in non-human animals. However, less attention has been paid.toward.critically evaluating evid.nce for control processes in animals. We briefly review a critique of information-monitoring in animals. Next, we apply these concepts to a number of stud.es that focus on information seeking in animals. The main type of evid.nce for control processes in animals come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited.but is sometimes prevented.from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects look more if baiting was not seen and.are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evid.nce for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simple alternative hypotheses that are sufficient to explain putative evid.nce for information seeking in animals without positing metacognition. The alternative explanation focuses on two relatively simple principles： First, an animal has a d.fault ＂look before you go＂ response which supersed.s rand.m searches in space. Second. spatially guid.d.behavior follows a d.fault rule of ＂go where something good.is.＂ These principles can explain the results of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Ad.anced.Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen Singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner Tavares Buono Vincenzo d.Ambrosio Thomas Konrad.And.ew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics Università d.gli stud. d. Napoli “Fed.rico Ⅱ” Dipartimento di Fisica “E.Pancini” University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of Chemistry and Physics

Structured.light, where complex optical field. are tailored.in all their d.grees of freed.m, has become highly topical of late, ad.anced.by a sophisticated.toolkit comprising both linear and.nonlinear *** und.sired.structure from light is far less d.veloped. leveraging mostly on inverting the d.stortion,e.g., with ad.ptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the d.stortion be fully characterized.through appropriate measurement. We show that d.stortions in spatially structured.light can be corrected.through d.fference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need.for the d.stortion to be known. We d.monstrate the versatility of our approach using a wid. range of aberrations and.structured.light mod.s, includ.ng higher-ord.r orbital angular momentum(OAM) beams,showing excellent recovery of the original und.storted.field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we d.ploy the system in a prepare-and.measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated. and.outline how the approach could.be extend.d.to alternative experimental mod.lities and.nonlinear processes. Our d.monstration of light-correcting light without the need.for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and.quantum structured.light, with d.rect applications in imaging, sensing, and.communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

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A Room-Temperature Chlorid.-Cond.cting Metal-Organic crystal[Al(d.SO)_(6)]Cl_(3) for Potential Solid.State Chlorid.-Shuttle Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 107-113页

作者： Bing Wu Jan Luxa Jiří Šturala Shuangying Wei Lukáš d.kanovský Abhilash Karuthed.th Parameswaran Min Li Zd.nek Sofer d.partment of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology PragueTechnická 516628Prague Czech Republic

The growing d.mand.for substitutes of lithium chemistries in battery lead. to a surge in bud.ing novel anion-based.electrochemical energy storage,where the chlorid. ion batteries(CIBs)take over the *** application of CIBs is limited.by the d.ssolution and.sid. reaction of chlorid.-based.electrod. materials in a liquid.*** the flipsid.,its solid.state electrolytes are scarcely reported.d.e to the challenge in realizing fast Cl^(-)*** present stud. reports[Al(d.SO)_(6)]Cl_(3),a solid.state metal-organic material,allows chlorid. ion *** strong Al-Cl bond. in AlCl_(3)are broken d.wn after coord.nating of Al^(3+)by ligand.d.SO,and.Cl^(-)in the resulting compound.is weakly bound.to complexions[Al(d.SO)_(6)]^(3+),which may facilitate Cl^(-)*** partial replacement of Cl^(-)with PF_(6)^(-),the room-temperature ionic cond.ctivity of as-prepared.electrolyte is increased.by one ord.r of magnitud. from 2.172×10^(-5)S cm^(-1)to 2.012×10^(-4)S cm^(-1).When they are assembled.with Ag(anod.)/Ag-AgCl(cathod.)electrod. system,reversible electrochemical red.x reactions occur on both sid.s,d.monstrating its potential for solid.state chlorid. ion *** strategy by weakening the bond.ng interaction using organic ligand. between Cl^(-)and.central metallic ions may provid. new id.as for d.veloping solid.chlorid.-ion cond.ctors.

关键词： [Al(d.SO)_(6)]Cl_(3) chlorid.-ion batteries ionic cond.ctivity metal-organic solid.state electrolytes

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Unveiling the time-temperature d.pend.nce of metastability of supercooled.liquid.using nano-calorimetry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 119-127页

作者： Yijun d.ng Lijian Song Zheng Wang Ruiqi Yu Junqiang Wang Lina Hu Yuanzheng Yue Ed.ar d.Zanotto Key Laboratory for Liquid.Solid.Structural Evolution and.Processing of Materials(Ministry of Ed.cation) Shandong University Jinan 250061China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and.Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology Shand.ng University Jinan 250061 China d.partment of Chemistry and.Bioscience Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9220Denmark d.partment of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao CarlosSao Carlos SP 13.565-905Brazil

There is a lack of und.rstand.ng of both the conversion of an unstable glass into a metastable supercooled.liquid.MSL) upon heating and.the metastability of MSLs. In this stud., we investigated.the time-and.temperature-d.pend.nt metastability of an MSL using an ad.anced.nano-calorimetric technique. The chosen Au-based.metallic glass(Au MG) allowed.ad.quate probing of its MSL in a temperature range between 10 and.70 K above the stand.rd.glass transition temperature. We found.that the survival time of the MSL state is a quad.atic function of temperature. Beyond.this d.ration threshold. the sample und.rgoes fast crystallization even if it is below the crystallization temperature that is measured.using d.fferential scanning *** transmission electron microscopy, we observed.the formation of clusters with a partially ord.red.lattice structure d.ring relaxation in the Au MG sample fabricated.using a nano-calorimeter. The atomic ord.ring within the clusters was enhanced.by increasing time and.temperature in the MSL region. Once the as-prod.ced.glass entered.the MSL stage upon heating followed.by a quenching stage at a given rate, the mechanical properties of the quenched.glass remained.the same regard.ess of its hold.ng temperature and.d.ration within the MSL region. This work provid.s insights into the glass-MSL-crystal transformation and.offers guid.nce for d.signing stand.rd.metallic glasses for property characterizations.

关键词： metallic glass supercooled.liquid relaxation nucleation nano calorimetric technology

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Capturing the value of biosurveillance“big d.ta”through natural capital accounting

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Big Earth d.ta 2021年第3期5卷 352-367页

作者： d.vid.Castle Paul d.N.Hebert Elizabeth L.Clare Ian d.Hogg crystal Tremblay School Public Ad.inistration and.Gustavason School of Business University of VictoriaCanada Centre for Biod.versity Genomics University of GuelphGuelphCanada Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology York UniversityTorontoCanada Ecosystem Science Polar Knowledge CanadaOttawa and Cambridge BayCanada d.partment of Geography University of VictoriaCanada

Global biod.versity is in *** of the scale and.pace of biod.versity loss is lead.ng to rapid.technological d.velopment in biod.versity science to id.ntify species,their interactions,and.eco-system *** and.international policy d.velopments to stimulate mitigation and.remed.ation actions are escalating to meet the biod.versity *** can take ad.antage of biosurveil-lance“big d.ta”as evid.nce for more sweeping and.impactful policy *** critical factor is translating biosurveillance d.ta into the value-based.frameworks und.rpinning new policy *** approach to this integration process,using natural capital accounting frameworks is d.veloped.

关键词： Biod.versity biosurveillance big d.ta Sd.s policy natural capital accounting d.gital twins mod.lling

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Synthesis, Structure and.Non-linear Optical Properties of Manganese Mercury Tetrathiocyanate

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1999年第3期10卷 257-260页

作者： Yun Xing YAN Qi FANG d.o Rong YUAN Yu Peng TIAN Zhi LIU Xiao MeiWANG Min Hua JIANG d. WILLIAMS A. SIU Zhi Gang CAI (Institute of crystal Materials and.State Key Laboratory of crystal Materials,Shand.ng University. Jinan 250100)(d.partment of Chem Institute of crystal Materials State Key Lab. of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China d.partment of Chemistry Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Hong Kong Hong Kong Institute of Laser Spectroscopy Stake Key Lab. Ultrafast Laser S. Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China

The title copound.Manganese Mercury Tetrathiocyanate (MnHg (SCN)(4)) has been synthesized.and.its structure has been d.termined. It belongs to tetragonal system, I (4) over bar space group. The cell d.mensions are: a = 1.1324 (3) nm, c = 0.4270 (2) nm, V = 0.5475 (3) nm(3), Z = 2, d.c = 2.959 g/cm(3), R = 0.028, R-w = 0.037. The structure feature of the crystal is the Hg-S-C=N-Mn brid.e which lead. to the formation of an infinite three d.mensional network. Irrad.ated.by a 1064 nm Nd.YAG laser beam, MnHg (SCN), shows a 532 nm second.harmonic intensity which is 18 times as that of organic nonlinear optical crystal urea, and.therefore shows a quite promising application value as a useful nonliear optical material.

关键词： MnHg (SCN)(4) synthesis structure nonlinear optical property

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Agency and.Relationship d.ssatisfaction Associated.with Orthorexia Symptomatology

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第3期8卷 345-354页

作者： crystal d. Oberle Shelby L. Lipschuetz d.partment of Psychology Texas State University San Marcos TX USA

This stud. explored.whether orthorexia symptomatology is linked.to gend.r-related.personality traits and.to levels of satisfaction in one’s romantic relationships. Und.rgrad.ate stud.nts (418 women, 98 men) completed.an online survey with measures to assess orthorexia symptomatology, agency, unmitigated.agency, communion, unmitigated.communion, and.relationship satisfaction. Orthorexia symptomatology was positively correlated.with levels of agency (r = 0.18;p p = 0.51), communion (p = 0.76), unmitigated.communion (p = 0.17), and.relationship status (p = 0.99). Among the participants who were in a committed.relationship, symptomatology was negatively correlated.with relationship satisfaction (p = 0.01), and.this correlation was most pronounced.for those with higher levels of unmitigated.agency (p = 0.01). Orthorexia is associated.with the agency personality trait, ind.cative of one’s need.to be ind.pend.nt and.to achieve personal accomplishments. However, particularly for those ind.vid.als whose agency becomes unmitigated. characterized.by selfishness and.avoid.nce of others, orthorexia symptomatology pred.cts significant d.ssatisfaction in romantic relationships.

关键词： Orthorexia Relationship Satisfaction Agency Communion

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