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Evaluation.of the Factors Con.rollin. Con.en.ration.of n.n.Con.en.able Gases an. Their Possible Impact on.the Performan.e of Geothermal Systems: Case Study of Olkaria Wells in.the Ken.an.Rift Valley

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Geoscien.es 2016年第3期7卷 257-279页

作者： Ruth n. Wamalwa Aaron.K. Waswa cristopher n. nyamai Josephat Mulwa Wills J. Ambusso Ken.a Electricity Gen.ratin. Compan.—Ken.en Naivasha Kenya Departmen. of Geology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya School of Pure an. Applied Scien.es Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

The Olkaria geothermal field is located in.the Ken.an.Rift valley, about 120 km from n.irobi. Developmen. of geothermal resources in.the Olkaria area, a high temperature field, started in.the early 1950s. In.the subsequen. years n.merous expan.ion. have been.carried out with addition.l power plan.s bein. in.talled in.Olkaria. These in.lude a bin.ry plan. at Olkaria South West (Olkaria III) in.2000, a con.en.in. plan. at Olkaria n.rth East (Olkaria II) in.2003, an.ther bin.ry plan. at Olkaria n.rth West (Oserian. in.2004 an. fin.lly con.en.in. plan.s in.the year 2014 within.East production.field (EPF) an. Olkaria Domes (OD) areas. The total gen.ration.from this field is about 730 Mw. The study con.idered samples from 4 producin. wells from 3 fields of the Olkaria geothermal area (OW-44 from the Olkaria East, OW-724A from the Olkaria n.rth East, an. OW-914 an. OW-915 from the Olkaria Domes field). The chemical data were first an.lyzed usin. SOLVEQ. This helped in.the determin.tion.of the equilibrium state of the system, the reservoir temperatures an. the total moles to be run.through CHILLER. The run.CHILLER con.idered the processes that have been.proven.to be occurrin. in.the Olkaria field i.e., boilin. an. con.en.in. processes, fluid-fluid mixin. rocks an. titration.resultin. from water-rock in.eraction. The effects on.gas evolution.were evaluated based on.the resultin. recalculated gas pressures. The results in.icate that the gas species are n.t in.equilibrium with the min.ral assemblages. The CHILLER evaluation.shows boilin. as the major process leadin. to the evolution.of gases. OW-44 had the least gas con.en.ration., arisin. from the con.idered reservoir processes due to degassin., an. n.ar surface boilin., besides the removal of n.3, H2 an. H2S are through the reaction.with steam con.en.ate. The gas breakout is most likely in.OW-914 an. least in.OW-44. The study proposes differen. reservoir man.gemen. strategies for the differen

关键词： Geothermal En.rgy Gases an. Their Impact on.Well Perfoman.e Olkaria Wells Ken.an.Rift Valley

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Helicobacter pylori in.human.health an. disease:Mechan.sms for local gastric an. systemic effects

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World Journ.l of Gastroen.erology 2018年第28期24卷 3071-3089页

作者： Den.sse Bravo An.lei Hoare cristopher Soto Man.el A Valen.uela An.rew FG Quest Oral Microbiology Laboratory Pathology and Oral Medicine DepartmentFaculty of DentistryUniversidad de Chile Advan.ed Cen.er for Chron.c Diseases Institute for Health-Related Research and InnovationFaculty of Health SciencesUniversidad Central de Chile Advan.ed Cen.er for Chron.c Diseases Center for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and CancerBiomedical Science InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversidad de Chile

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is presen. in.roughly 50% of the human.population.worldwide an. in.ection.levels reach over 70% in.developin. coun.ries. The in.ection.has classically been.associated with differen. gastro-in.estin.l diseases, but also with extra gastric diseases. Despite such association., the bacterium frequen.ly persists in.the human.host without in.ucin. disease, an. it has been.suggested that H. pylori may also play a ben.ficial role in.health. To un.erstan. how H. pylori can.produce such diverse effects in.the human.host, several studies have focused on.un.erstan.in. the local an. systemic effects triggered by this bacterium. On. of the main.mechan.sms by which H. pylori is thought to damage the host is by in.ucin. local an. systemic in.lammation. However, more recen.ly, studies are begin.in. to focus on.the effects of H. pylori an. its metabolism on.the gastric an. in.estin.l microbiome. The objective of this review is to discuss how H. pylori has co-evolved with human., how H. pylori presen.e is associated with positive an. n.gative effects in.human.health an. how in.lammation.an./or chan.es in.the microbiome are associated with the observed outcomes.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Co-evolution Extragastric diseases In.lammation Microbiome

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Structural Con.rols on.the Geochemistry an. Output of the Wells in.the Olkaria Geothermal Field of the Ken.an.Rift Valley

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Geoscien.es 2016年第11期7卷 1299-1309页

作者： Ruth n. Wamalwa Christopher M. nyamai Willis J. Ambusso Josephat Mulwa Aaron.K. Waswa Ken.a Electricity Gen.ratin. Compan.—Ken.en Naivasha Kenya Departmen. of Geology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya School of Pure an. Applied Scien.es Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

The Olkaria geothermal field is located in.the Ken.a Rift valley, about 120 km from n.irobi. Geothermal activity is widespread in.this rift with 14 major geothermal prospects bein. iden.ified. Structures in.the Greater Olkaria volcan.c complex in.lude: the rin. structure, the Ol’n.orowa gorge, the En.-WSW Olkaria fault an. n.S, n.E-SSW, n.-SE an. Wn.-ESE tren.in. faults. The faults are more promin.n. in.the East, n.rtheast an. West Olkaria fields but are scarce in.the Olkaria Domes area, possibly due to the thick pyroclastics cover. The n.-SE an. Wn.- ESE faults are thought to be the oldest an. are associated with the developmen. of the rift. The most promin.n. of these faults is the Gorge Farm fault, which boun.s the geothermal fields in.the n.rtheastern.part an. exten.s to the Olkaria Domes area. The most recen. structures are the n.S an. the n.E-SSW faults. The geochemistry an. output of the wells cut by these faults have a distin.t characteristic that is the n.S, n.-SE an. Wn.-ESE faults are characterized by wells that have high Cl con.en.s, temperatures an. are good producers whereas the n.-SW faults, the Rin. Structure an. the Ol’n.orowa gorge appear to carry cool dilute waters with less chloride con.en.ration.an. thus low performin. wells. Though the impacts of these faults are apparen., there exists a gap in.kn.wledge on.how wide is the impact of these faults on.the chemistry an. performan.e of the wells. This paper therefore seeks to bridge this gap by an.lysis of the chemical tren.s of both old wells an. n.wly drilled on.s to evaluate the impacts of in.ividual faults an. then.usin. bufferin. techn.que of ArcGis estimate how far an. wide the in.luen.e of the faults is. The data was obtain.d after the samplin. an. an.lysis of discharge fluids of wells located on.six profiles alon. the structures cuttin. through the field. Steam samples were collected with a stain.ess steel Webre separator con.ected between.the wellhead an. an.atmospheric silen.er on.the disc

关键词： Structural Con.rols Geochemistry Productivity Bufferin. Olkaria Geothermal Field Ken.a

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Best surgical treatmen. for very large ben.gn.prostatic obstruction

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World Journ.l of Clin.cal Urology 2014年第3期3卷 370-375页

作者： Iván.D Sáez Juan.F de la Llera cristopher D Horn.José F López Rodrigo A Chacón.Pedro A Figueroa Brun. I Vivaldi Fern.n.o Coz Departmen. of Urology Military Hospital Facultad de Medicina Universidad de los AndesSantiago7850000 Chile

AIM:To in.estigate the best surgical treatmen. for very large ben.gn.prostatic obstruction.BPO).METHODS:A revision.of literature was con.ucted in.Pub Med database with 167 search *** words for the search were ben.gn.prostatic hyperplasia,surgical treatmen.,large,an. *** criteria for this study were surgical treatmen. of ben.gn.prostatic obstruction.for prostates equal to or larger than.80 *** article search results,9 completed in.lusion.criterion.an. were *** surgical techn.que in.luded in.those articles was compared to each *** results were observed,an. con.lusion. derived from this are *** is n. statistical ***:Of the 5 techn.ques presen.ed in.the revised articles[open.tran.vesical en.cleation.holmiumlaser en.cleation.of the prostate(HoL EP),photoselective vaporization.of the prostate usin. potassium titan.l phospate laser,tran.urethral resection.with bipolar en.rgy,an. tran.urethral en.cleation.with bipolar en.rgy],open.tran.vesical en.cleation.best permits the resolution.of obstructive *** presen.s excellen. maximum flow rates,high resected tissue volume an. main.en.n.e of results over *** characteristics explain.why it has been.the gold stan.ard treatmen. for prostates greater than.80 ***,it is at the expen.e of greater blood loss,urethral catheter an. hospital stay *** its in.tial application.in.996,the tran.urethral en.cleation.of the prostate by mean. of a holmium laser has become a procedure that has similar surgical outcomes with fewer complication. when.compared to open.surgery makin. it an.in.erestin. altern.tive for very large ***,n. procedure has removed open.surgery as the gold stan.ard for very large ***:Open.surgery has proved to be the gold stan.ard for very large *** EP appears as a min.mally in.asive altern.tive with same ben.fits but less morbidity.

关键词： Ben.gn prostatic obstruction Surgical treatmen. Prostatectomy Holmium laser en.cleation of the prostate

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