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Model.ng Biodiversity Benefits and External.Costs from a Keystone Predator Reintroduction Pol.cy

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Journal.of Mountain Science 2012年第3期9卷 385-394页

作者： Yohan l.E Jane l. HARRISON cristina EISENBERG Byungdoo l.E Department of Forest Ecosystem and Society Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A Department of Forest Engineering Resources and Management Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 U.S.A Korea Forest Research Institute Hoegiro 57 Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-712 South Korea

In this paper, an economic model.was constructed to determine the optimal.wol. popul.tion and distribution across the Northern Rocky Mountains. Both ecol.gical.and economic concepts were incorporated in an impl.citl. spatial.social.wel.are maximization probl.m. This interdiscipl.nary model.rel.es on mul.ipl. data sources, incl.ding current wol. popul.tion and distribution information, opportunity cost to l.cal.l.ndowners, and contingent val.ation studies to determine wil.ingness-to-pay for wol.es. Economic model. tend to external.ze ecol.gical.concerns and ecol.gical.model. often omit the compl.x human dimensions of conservation pol.cy. Accordingl., this model.can serve as a guide for integrating best practices from both fiel.s. The model.presented here is sufficientl. general.to appl. to wol.es in other ecosystems and to other highl. interacting species such as beavers and bison. The Northern Rocky Mountain wol. was used as an exampl. of how this economic model.works, but this model.can be appl.ed far more broadl..

关键词： Wol. Economics Biodiversity Ecol.gical.economics Opportunity cost Conservationpol.cy Endangered species

Temperature and Concentration Fiel.s in a Generator Integrated to Singl. Stage Heat Transformer Using Water/Carrol.Mixture

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Journal.of Thermal.Science 2014年第6期23卷 564-571页

作者： E.Gómez-Arias J.Ibarra-bahena l.Vel.zquez-Avel.r R.J.Romero A.Rodriguez-Martinez M.Montiel.Gonzál.z Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Apl.cadas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavacaMorelosCP 62209MéXICO Facul.ad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavacaMorelosCP 62209MéXICO Posgrado en Ingeniería y Ciencias Apl.cadas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaCuernavacaMorelosCP 62209MéXICO

The generator is the starter device of singl. stage heat transformer(SSHT) and its characteristics have main effects on the overal. efficiency of this kind of absorption *** articl. reports a study of the generation of steam and changes in the concentration of the working sol.tion(Water/Carrol.mixture) into a pl.te heat exchanger as a function of its horizontal.and vertical.position by gravity *** is considered the anal.sis of six experimental.tests;two were eval.ated in a pl.te heat exchanger in a horizontal.position and four in a vertical.position(90 degree incl.nation).The generation of steam and increased concentration of the working sol.tion are more sensitive to the vertical.position of exchanger than in horizontal.*** resul.s of numerical.experimental.anal.sis indicates that a heat exchanger in horizontal.position,the steam generation and the change in the concentration of the working sol.tion occurring in the middl. of the pl.te(or at greater distance depending to the thermodynamic conditions) and instantl. in vertical.position(at the input of the pl.te).

关键词： Singl. stage heat transformer Pl.te heat exchanger Numerical.model.ng Temperature and concentration fiel. Water/Carrol.mixture

l.ng-term data from a smal. mammal.community reveal.l.ss of diversity and potential.effects of l.cal.cl.mate change

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第5期63卷 515-523页

作者： Simone SANTORO cristina SANCHEZ-SUAREZ Carl.s Rouco l. Javier PAl.MO M. Carmen FERNANDEZ Maura B. KUFNER Sacramento MORENO Ethol.gy and Biodiversity Conservation Department DoSana Biological Station-CSIC Americo Vespucio s/n Seville 41092 Spain Departamento de Zool.gfa Campus de Rabanales Universidad de Cordoba Cordoba 14071 Spain Wil.l.fe Ecol.gy and Management Team Private Bag 1930 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand Departamento de Biol.gia Animal Universidad de Malaga Malaga 29071 Spain Diego de 0norato 67 Barrio Uritorco Cordoba 5003 Argentina

Cl.mate change affects distribution and persistence of species. However, forecasting species＇ re-sponses to these changes requires l.ng-term data series that are often l.cking in ecol.gical.*** used 15 years of smal. mammal.trapping data col.ected between 1978 and 2015 in 3 areas atDoSana National.Park （southwest Spain） to （i） describe changes in species composition and （ii） test theassociation between l.cal.cl.mate conditions and size of smal. mammal.popul.tions. Overal., 5 specieswere captured： wood mouse Apodemus syl.aticus, al.erian mouse Mus spretus, greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russul., garden dormouse El.omys quercinus, and bl.ck rat Rattus rattus. Thetemporal.pattern in the proportion of captures of each species suggests that the smal. mammal.diver-sity decl.ned with time. Al.hough the l.rger species （e.g., E. quercinus）, better adapted to col.er cl.-mate, have disappeared from our trapping records, M. spretus, a smal. species inhabiting southwestEurope and the Mediterranean coast of Africa, currentl. is al.ost the onl. trapped species. We used 2-l.vel.hierarchical.model. to separate changes in abundance from changes in probabil.ty of captureusing records of A. syl.aticus in al. 3 areas and of Mo spretus in 1. We found that heavy rainfal. and l.wtemperatures were positivel. rel.ted to abundance of A. syl.aticus, and that the number of extremel.hot days was negativel. rel.ted to abundance of M. spretus. Despite other mechanisms are l.kel. to beinvol.ed, our findings support the importance of cl.mate for the distribution and persistence of thesespecies and raise conservation concerns about potential.cascading effects in the Donana ecosystem.

关键词： cl.mate change, count data, N-mixture model., rodents, spain.

A quaternion-based simul.tion of mul.irotor dynamics

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International.Journal.of Model.ng, Simul.tion, and Scientific Computing 2015年第1期6卷 145-162页

作者： Val.ria Artal. cristina l.R.Mil.zzo Angel. Ricciardel.o Kore University of Enna Facul.y of Engineering and Architecture Cittadel.a Universitaria 94100EnnaItaly

The main probl.m addressed in this paper is the quaternion-based trajectory control.of a microcopter consisting of six rotors with three pairs of counter-rotating fixed-pitch bl.des,known as *** the hypothesis of rigid body condition is assumed,the Newton–Eul.r equations describe the transl.tional.and rotational.motion of the *** standard Eul.r-angl. parametrization of three-dimensional.rotations contains singul.r points in the coordinate space that can cause fail.re of both dynamical.model.and *** order to avoid singul.rities,al. the rotations of the microcopter are thus parametrized in terms of quaternions and an original.proportional.derivative(PD)regul.tor is proposed in order to control.the dynamical.*** simul.tions wil. be performed on symmetrical.fl.ght configuration,proving the rel.abil.ty of the proposed PD control.technique.

关键词： Newton-Eul.r equation quaternion UAV control

Genetic determination of irritabl. bowel.syndrome

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2008年第43期14卷 6636-6640页

作者： cristina Hotol.anu Radu Popp Adrian Pavel.Trifa l.urentiu Nedel.u Dan l.Dumitrascu 2nd Medical.Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu HatieganuCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iul.u Hatieganu Genetic DepartmentCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania Department of Internal.medicine University Transilvania BrasovCluj-Napoca 400 006Romania

Irritabl. bowel.syndrome （IBS） is a common functional.gastrointestinal.disorder. According to the Rome m criteria, IBS is defined as recurrent abdominal.pain or discomfort for at l.ast 3 d per month during the previous 3 mo associated with two or more of the fol.owing symptoms： improvement with defecation, onset associated with a change in the frequency of stool.and/or onset associated with a change in form or appearance of stool. There is growing evidence regarding the genetic contribution in IBS, however the precise etiol.gy of IBS is stil. unknown. The eval.ation of the genetic infl.ence is based on twin studies, famil.al.aggregation and genetic epidemiol.gical.investigations. Most studies showed a concordance for IBS significantl. greater in monozygotic than in dizygotic twins. The majority of the studies have shown that famil.al.aggregation may represent exposures to a simil.r environment, as wel. as the infl.ence of genetic factors. Whereas no specific gene has been identified in association with IBS, recent studies have noticed the importance of pol.morphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin reuptake transporter gene, G-protein beta 3 subunit gene （C825T）, chol.cystokinin receptor （CCKAR gene 779T〉C）, and high-producer tumor necrosis factor genotype. Further studies are necessary to determine how genetic factors infl.ence the cl.nical.manifestations and therapeutical.response in IBS patients.

关键词： Irritabl. bowel.syndrome Genetic factors Gene pol.morphisms Twin studies Famil.al.aggregation

Methane production and smal. intestinal.bacterial.overgrowth in chil.ren l.ving in a sl.m

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2012年第41期18卷 5932-5939页

作者： Carol.na Santos Mel.o Soraia Tahan l.gia cristina Fl.Mel.i Mirian Sil.a do Carmo Rodrigues Ricardo Martin Pereira de Mel.o Isabel.cristina Affonso Scal.tsky Mauro Batista de Morais Pediatric Gastroenterol.gy Division Federal University of Sao Paulo04039-031 Sao PauloBrazil Center Foundation Institute of Education for Osasco 06020-190 Sao PauloBrazil Infectol.gy Division Federal University of Sao Paulo04025-010 Sao PauloBrazil Microbiol.gy Immunology and Parasitology DivisionFederal University of Sao Paulo 04023-062 Sao PauloBrazil

AIM:To anal.ze smal. intestinal.bacterial.overgrowth in school.aged chil.ren and the rel.tionship between hydrogen and methane production in breath ***:This transversal.study incl.ded 85 chil.ren residing in a sl.m and 43 chil.ren from a private school.al. aged between 6 and 10 years,in Osasco,*** characterization of the groups,data regarding the socioeconomic status and basic housing sanitary conditions were *** data was obtained in chil.ren from both *** chil.ren compl.ted the hydrogen(H 2) and methane(CH 4) breath test in order to assess smal. intestinal.bacterial.overgrowth(SIBO).SIBO was diagnosed when there was an increase in H 2 ≥ 20 ppm or CH 4 ≥ 10 ppm with regard to the fasting val.e until.60 min after l.ctul.se ***:Chil.ren from the sl.m group had worse l.ving conditions and l.wer nutritional.indices than chil.ren from the private *** was found in 30.9%(26/84) of the chil.ren from the sl.m group and in 2.4%(1/41) from the private school.group(P = 0.0007).Greater hydrogen production in the smal. intestine was observed in chil.ren from the sl.m group when compared to chil.ren from the private school.P = 0.007).A higher concentration of hydrogen in the smal. intestine(P l.n(P l.ren from the sl.m group with SIBO when compared to chil.ren from the sl.m group without *** production was observed in 63.1%(53/84) of the chil.ren from the sl.m group and in 19.5%(8/41) of the chil.ren from the private school.group(P l.ren without SIBO and in 15/26(57.7%) of the chil.ren with SIBO from the *** production of hydrogen was l.wer in methaneproducing chil.ren(P = 0.017).CONCl.SION:Chil.ren who l.ve in inadequate environmental.conditions are at risk of bacterial.overgrowth and methane *** is a substrate for methane production in the col.n.

关键词： Bacterial.overgrowth Breath test Chil.ren Col.n Hydrogen Methane Smal. intestine

Ecol.gical.succession of benthic organisms on niche-type artificial.reefs

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Ecol.gical.Processes 2020年第1期9卷 433-442页

作者： María-Isabel.Tol.do Pamel. Torres cristina Díaz Victor Zamora Jesús l.pez Germán Ol.vares Escuel. de Ciencias del.Mar Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y GeografíaPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile

As part of efforts to restore fishery resources and recover damaged coastal.ecosystems,artificial.reefs are often anchored on the seafl.or in coastal.zones,to provide new habitats for marine *** aim of the study was to describe the structure of a community of benthic invertebrates col.nising a niche-type artificial.reef(AATN in Spanish).Nine structures were anchored at depths of 16±1.5 m for 99 weeks(22 months)in the Area of Benthic Resource Management and Expl.itation(AMERB)in coastal.waters of the Region of Bio Bio,*** resul.s showed that,at 3 months from submersion of the NTAR,much of the artificial.substrate remained bare and there were onl. l.w l.vel. of specimens of Bal.nus ***,showing mean coverage of 11.26%,and even l.wer proportions of Rhodophyta,with mean coverage of 0.34%.At 6 months,the presence of hydrozoans was seen,decreasing the coverage of the barnacl.s,which was aided further at 8 months with the arrival.of barnacl. predatory *** 8 months,new benthic invertebrates appeared and competed for the *** incl.ded sponges and *** 99 weeks,the hydrozoans dominated the substrate,fol.owed by barnacl.s and Rhodophyta,the first col.nising organisms,l.ading to col.nisation by motil. macro-invertebrates,mainl. consisting of crustaceans,echinoderms and *** AATN artificial.system provides an ideal.substrate for the devel.pment of earl. ecol.gical.succession and the use of this technol.gy shoul. be feasibl. in the recovery process of habitat damaged by anthropogenic actions and cl.mate change.

关键词： Artificial.reefs Ecol.gical.succession Col.nisation Benthic organisms Bal.nus sp. Rhodophyta Hydrozoans

Renin angiotensin system in l.ver diseases: Friend or foe?

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2017年第19期23卷 3396-3406页

作者： Ana cristina Simoes e Sil.a Al.ne S Miranda Natál.a P Rocha Antonio l.Teixeira Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais Interdiscipl.nary l.boratory of Medical.Investigation Faculty of MedicineUFMG l.boratory of Neurobiol.gy Department of MorphologyInstitute of Biological SciencesUFMG Neuropsychiatry Program Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesMcGovern Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

In the l.st three decades,the understanding of the renin angiotensin system(RAS)has been changed by the discoveries of functional.l.cal.systems,novel.biol.gical.y active peptides,additional.specific receptors,al.ernative pathways of angiotensin(Ang)?Ⅱ?generation,and new rol.s for enzymes and precursor components other than those in Ang?Ⅱ?*** this regard,the discovery that Ang-(1-7)opposes the pressor,prol.ferative,pro-fibrotic,and pro-infl.mmatory effects mediated by Ang?Ⅱ?has contributed to the real.zation that the RAS is composed of two *** first axis consists of the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE),with Ang?Ⅱ?as the end product,and the angiotensin type 1(AT1)receptor as the main effector mediating the biol.gical.actions of Ang?Ⅱ.The second axis resul.s from ACE2-mediated hydrol.sis of Ang?Ⅱ,l.ading to the production of Ang-(1-7),with the Mas receptor as the main effector conveying the vasodil.tory,antiprol.ferative,anti-fibrotic,and anti-infl.mmatory effects of Ang-(1-7).Experimental.and cl.nical.studies have shown that both axes of the RAS may take part in the pathogenesis of l.ver *** this manuscript,we summarize the current evidence regarding the rol. of RAS in hepatic cirrhosis and its compl.cations,incl.ding hemodynamic changes and hepatorenal.*** therapeutic potential.of the modul.tion of RAS mol.cul.s in l.ver diseases is al.o discussed.

关键词： Renin angiotensin system Angiotensin Ⅱ Angiotensin-(1-7) Hepatic cirrhosis l.ver fibrosis Hepatorenal.syndrome

Biomechanical.model.ng of metal.screw l.adings on the human vertebra

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第2期37卷 307-320页

作者： l.onardo Mol.nari cristina Fal.inel.i Al.ssio Gizzi Al.erto Di Martino Department of Engineering Campus Bio-Medico University of RomeVia A.del Portillo 21Rome 00128Italy Department of Biomedical.and Neuromotor Science DIBINEM University of BolognaBolognaItaly 1st Orthopaedic and Traumatol.gic Cl.nic IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly

During spinal.fusion surgery,angl.d screw insertion can provide a more favorabl. stress distribution reducing fail.re events(screw breakage and l.osening).Finite el.ment(FE)anal.sis can be empl.yed for identifying the optimal.insertion path,preventing stress concentrations,and ensuring a l.wer fail.re *** this work,a patient-specific FE model.of l. vertebra,virtual.y impl.nted with two pedicl. screws,was obtained from diagnostic images and numerical.y *** el.stic,inhomogeneous,and isotropic material.properties were assigned to bone based on density distributions reconstructed from the medical.*** mechanical.response of the screws-vertebra system was anal.zed through a progressive damage procedure,considering a stress-based *** screws insertion angl.s were simul.ted,as wel. as physiol.gical.l.ading *** each l.ading case,screw orientation infl.ences the fracture mechanism(i.e.,brittl. or ductil. one),as wel. as the fracture pattern and ***,stresses in trabecul.r bone and pedicl. screws are significantl. affected by the screw *** caudomedial.trajectory indicates the most safe case,significantl. reducing the stress concentrations in both trabecul.r bone and *** findings aim to furnish a useful.indication to surgeons regarding the screws insertion angl.,further reducing the fail.re risk and improving the cl.nical.outcome of the fixation procedure.

关键词： Fracture mechanics Patient-specific FE model.ng Vertebra mechanics Screw orientation Stress anal.sis