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Acoustic Scattering Cross Sections of Smart Obstacles: A Case Study

Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第8期10卷 672-694页

作者： Lorella Fatone Maria cristina Recchioni Francesco Zirilli Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Universitadi CamerinoVia Madonna delle Carceri 962032 Camerino(MC)Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Sociali"D.Serrani" Universit`a Politecnica delle MarchePiazza Martelli 860121 AnconaItaly CERI-Centro di Ricerca"Previsione Prevenzione e Controllo dei Rischi Geologici" Universit`a di Roma"La Sapienza"Piazza Umberto Pilozzi 900038 Valmontone(RM)Italy

Acoustic scattering cross sections of smart furtive obstacles are studied and discussed.A smart furtive obstacle is an obstacle that,when hit by an incoming field,avoids detection through the use of a pressure current acting on its boundary.A highly parallelizable algorithm for computing the acoustic scattering cross section of smart obstacles is *** a case study,this algorithm is applied to the(acoustic)scattering cross section of a"smart"(furtive)simplified version of the NASA space shuttle when hit by incoming time-harmonic plane waves,the wavelengths of which are small compared to the characteristic dimensions of the *** solution to this numerically challenging scattering problem requires the solution of systems of linear equations with many unknowns and *** to the sparsity of these systems of equations,they can be stored and solved using affordable computing resources.A cross section analysis of the simplified NASA space shuttle highlights three findings:i)the smart furtive obstacle reduces the magnitude of its cross section compared to the cross section of a corresponding"passive"obstacle;ii)several wave propagation directions fail to satisfactorily respond to the smart strategy of the obstacle;iii)satisfactory furtive effects along all directions may only be obtained by using a pressure current of considerable *** experiments and virtual reality applications can be found at the website:http://***/ceri/zirilli/w7.

关键词： Acoustic obstacle scattering smart obstacles acoustic cross section open loop control operator expansion method wavelet expansion

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Electrochemical Study and Electrodeposition of Copper（I） in Ionic Liquid-reline

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2013年第5期29卷 991-997页

作者： POPESCU Ana-Maria COJOCARU Anca DONATH cristina CONSTANTIN Virgil Laboratory of Molten Salts "Hie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry of Romanian Academy Bucharest 060021 Romania Department of Applied Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry University Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest 010737 Romania

The authors made the electrochemical studies on the electrode processes during copper electrodeposition with ionic liquids-reline as an electrolytic medium. Reline is a commercial name for a eutectic mixture of choline chloride and urea（1：2, molar ratio）. This new proposed method of copper deposition is an ecological one because the ionic liquids are recyclable, non-volatile and non-toxic. Cyclic voltammetry investigations were conducted at 343 and 353 K in choline chloride-urea（Reline） deep eutectic solvent with single salt CuCl（generally in 0.05--0.38 mol/L concentration range）. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations were conducted in choline chloride- urea ionic liquid with CuCI（0.05 mol/L）. We investigated both cathodic and anodic processes of Cu＋ ions at different sweep rates in this new electrolytic system based on choline chloride. We have proposed by this an alternative to the classical copper electrodeposition. Coefficient of diffusion, Do, for the system Reline-CuCl is presented and the value of D0 is 1.22× 10^-8 cm2/s.

关键词： Ionic liquid Reline Electrodeposition Cu(I) Coefficient of diffusion

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Methane oxidation and attenuation of sulphur compounds in landfill top cover systems: Lab-scale tests

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 317-326页

作者： Roberto Raga Alberto Pivato Maria cristina Lavagnolo Laura Megido Raffaello Cossu DII-Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Polytechnic School of Engineering Gijón Campus University of Oviedo

In this study,a top cover system is investigated as a control for emissions during the aftercare of new landfills and for old landfills where biogas energy production might not be *** materials were studied as landfill cover system in lab-scale columns：mechanical–biological pretreated municipal solid waste（MBP）;mechanical–biological pretreated biowaste（PB）;fine（PBSf）and coarse（PBSc）mechanical–biological pretreated mixtures of biowaste and sewage sludge,and natural soil（NS）.The effectiveness of these materials in removing methane and sulphur compounds from a gas stream was tested,even coupled with activated carbon *** of CO2,CH4,O2,N2,H2S and mercaptans were analysed at different depths along the *** degradation was assessed using mass balance and the results were expressed in terms of methane oxidation rate（MOR）.The highest maximum and mean MOR were observed for MBP（17.2 g CH4/m^2/hr and 10.3 g CH4/m^2/hr,respectively）.Similar values were obtained with PB and *** lowest values of MOR were obtained for NS（6.7 g CH4/m^2/hr）and PBSf（3.6 g CH4/m^2/hr）,which may be due to their low organic content and void index,*** membranes with high load capacity did not seem to have an influence on the methane oxidation process：MBP coupled with 220 g/m^2and 360 g/m^2membranes gave maximum MOR of 16.5 g CH4/m^2/hr and 17.4 g CH4/m^2/hr,*** carbon membranes proved to be very effective on H2S ***,carbonyl sulphide,ethyl mercaptan and isopropyl mercaptan seemed to be easily absorbed by the filling materials.

关键词： Emission reduction Greenhouse gas emissionLandfill Methane oxidation H2S Soil cover

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Earth observations for sustainable development goals monitoring based on essential variables and driver-pressure-state-impactresponse indicators

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 217-235页

作者： Joan Masó Ivette Serral cristina Domingo-Marimon Alaitz Zabala CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain Dept.Geografia Grumets Research GroupEdifici B.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain

In recent years,researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers,States,Impacts and Responses of a given *** some cases,different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables(EVs),such as for Climate,Biodiversity or *** definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension(*** for water)although some communities have not even started(*** and energy).This paper characterizes the Earth Observation(EO)networks and creates a graph representation of their ***,this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge ***,an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the *** analysis to detect gaps in EO variables due to a lack of observational networks is *** suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed,as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new EO based *** complete graph is available in the ENEON website(http://***/graphev-sdg/).

关键词： Gap analysis policy monitoring essential variables earth observation

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Distal renal tubular acidosis:genetic causes and management

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第5期15卷 422-431页

作者： Sílvia Bouissou Morais Soares Luiz Alberto Wanderley de Menezes Silva Flávia cristina de Carvalho Mrad Ana cristina Simoes e Silva Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais(UFMG)Av.Prof.Alfredo Balena190Room#281Belo HorizonteMG 30130-100Brazil Pediatric Nephrology Unit Faculty of MedicineUFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil

Background Distal renal tubular acidosis(dRTA)is a kidney tubulopathy that causes a state of normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to impairment of urine *** review aims to summarize the etiology,pathophysiology,clinical findings,diagnosis and therapeutic approach of dRTA,with emphasis on genetic causes of *** sources Literature reviews and original research articles from databases,including PubMed and Google *** searching was performed to identify additional studies about *** dRTA is characterized as the dysfunction of the distal urinary acidification,leading to metabolic *** pediatric patients,the most frequent etiology of dRTA is the genetic alteration of genes responsible for the codification of distal tubule channels,whereas,in adult patients,dRTA is more commonly secondary to autoimmune diseases,use of medications and *** with dRTA exhibit failure to thrive and important laboratory alterations,which are used to define the *** oral alkali and potassium supplementation can correct the biochemical defects,improve clinical manifestations and avoid nephrolithiasis and *** dRTA is a multifactorial disease leading to several clinical *** and laboratory alterations can be corrected by alkali replacement therapy.

关键词： Renal tubular acidosis Distal tubule physiology Metabolic acidosis Gene mutations Proton pump

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Morphological variation in the short-tailed fruit bat(Carollia)in Ecuador,with comments on the practical and philosophical aspects of boundaries among species

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 226-240页

作者： Pablo JARRíN-V. cristina FLORES Janeth SALCEDO Yasuni Research Station School of Biological SciencesPontifical Catholic University of EcuadorQuitoEcuador Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology Department of BiologyBoston UniversityMassachusettsUSA Central University of Ecuador School of Biology and ChemistryQuitoEcuador

The mechanisms for the morphological delimitation of species in Carollia remain poorly *** is the first study to assess variation in size and shape from strictly geometric *** factors are assessed by statistical perspectives of distribution,overlap and relative *** its overlap,the size of the skull seems to be the most influential character for the discrimination of species,with shape playing a much smaller *** smallest species seems to be the most distinct in shape,not only in terms of distance among centroids in morphometric space,but also in the overall trend and direction of *** to previous studies,sexual dimorphism is not given by size but by distinct shapes of the *** such as the shape of the maxilla,previously described qualitatively as discrete with sharp boundaries,appear to be truly continuous with fuzzy borders among *** morphometric space is a gamut of continuous variation and overlap,the taxonomic error rate for size characters seems to be substantial for the medium-sized species(Carollia brevicauda Schinz,1821),with approximately 30–40%of individuals erroneously assigned to a different species after a jackknifed discriminant *** taxonomic error is higher for shape ***,systematic and ecological consequences of the observed patterns of shape and size variation are commented within the context of previously proposed arguments and hypotheses.

关键词： boundaries Carollia character state discriminant morphometrics

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Beyond the Expected-Residual Risk and Cases of Overload in the Context of Managing Alpine Natural Hazards

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第2期12卷 205-219页

作者： Sönke Hartmann Lydia Pedoth cristina Dalla Torre Stefan Schneiderbauer Eurac Research Institute for Earth Observation39100BolzanoSouth TyrolItaly Eurac Research Institute for Regional Development39100BolzanoSouth TyrolItaly Institute for Environment and Human Security United Nations University53113BonnGermany

Structural protection measures are designed to protect the population and infrastructure against natural hazards up to a specific predefined protection *** events with intensities that exceed the capacity of these protection structures are called“cases of overload”and are associated with“residual risks”that remain after the implementation of protection *** order to address residual risks and to reduce the damages from overload events,a combination of structural protection measures with additional,nonstructural measures is *** on data collected through a literature review,a questionnaire survey,expert interviews,and an expert workshop we highlight the status quo as well as key challenges of dealing with residual risks and cases of overload in Alpine countries in the context of geohydrological hazards and gravitational mass *** present a holistic conceptual framework that describes the relationships of residual risks,cases of overload,and protection goals in the context of both risk governance and integrated risk *** framework is valuable for decision makers aiming at an improved management of natural hazards that takes adequate account of residual risk and cases of overload in Alpine countries and mountain areas worldwide.

关键词： Alpine countries Cases of overload Integrated risk management Natural hazards Residual risk Risk governance

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A study on monoterpenoid-based natural deep eutectic solvents

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Green Chemical Engineering 2023年第1期4卷 99-114页

作者： Sara Rozas Lorena Zamora cristina Benito Mert Atilhan Santiago Aparicio Department of Chemistry University of BurgosBurgos09001Spain Department of Chemical and Paper Engineering Western Michigan UniversityKalamazooMI49008-5462USA

Herein,the synthesis and characterization methods of natural deep eutectic solvents based on monoterpenoids have been *** viscous fluids with suitable physicochemical properties are *** materials are non-toxic,biodegradable,and ***,they can be used to develop sustainable solvents for various processes and can find their applications in various fields.A theoretical study based on quantum chemistry and classical molecular dynamics is used for the nanoscopic characterization of structure,dynamics,and hydrogen *** reported results help analyze the properties of this new family of *** required information for developing structure–property relationships for proper solvent design to form a sustainable chemistry framework is obtained.

关键词： Natural deep eutectic solvents Terpenes DFT MD COSMO-RS CO_(2)solubility

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Occurrence of human pathogenic viruses in drinking water and in its sources:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第10期132卷 145-161页

作者： Marco Panizzolo Marta Gea Elisabetta Carraro Giorgio Gilli Silvia Bonetta cristina Pignata Department of Public Health and Pediatrics University of TorinoPiazza Polonia 9410126TorinoItaly Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Torinovia Accademia Albertina 1310123TorinoItaly

Since many waterborne diseases are caused by human pathogenic viruses,virus monitoring of drinking water(DW)and DW sources is crucial for public ***,the aim of this review was to describe the occurrence of human pathogenic viruses in DW and DW sources;the occurrence of two viruses proposed as novel indicators of human faecal contamination(Peppermild mottle virus and Tobacco mosaic virus)was also *** research was focused on articles that assessed viral occurrence using molecular methods in the surface water used for DW production(SW-D),groundwater used for DW production(GW-D),DW and bottled-DW(BW).A total of 1544 studies published in the last 10 years were analysed,and 79 were ultimately *** considering the detection methods,filtration is the most common concentration technique,while quantitative polymerase chain reaction is the most common quantification *** virus occurrence in SW-D,GW-D,and DW,high percentages of positive samples were reported for adenovirus,polyomavirus and Pepper mild mottle *** genomes were frequently detected in SW-D and rarely in GW-D,suggesting that GW-D may be a safe DW *** genomes were also detected in DW,posing a possible threat to human *** lowest percentages of positive samples were found in Europe,while the highest were found in Asia and South *** three articles assessed viral occurrence in *** review highlights the lack of method standardization and the need for legislation updates.

关键词： Drinking water Enteric virus Human health Microbial water quality Molecular methods Surface water

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Novel synthesis method combining a foaming agent with freeze-drying to obtain hybrid highly macroporous bone scaffolds

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第8期36卷 52-63页

作者： Paulina Kazimierczak Aleksandra Benko Krzysztof Palka cristina Canal Dorota Kolodynska Agata Przekora Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Medical University of LublinChodzki 120-093LublinPoland AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Materials Science and CeramicsA.Mickiewicza 30 Ave.30-059KrakowPoland Department of Materials Engineering Lublin University of TechnologyNadbystrzycka 3620-618LublinPoland Biomaterials Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering GroupDepartment of Materials Science and MetallurgyUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019Spain Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona08019Spain Department of Inorganic Chemistry Maria Curie-Sklodowska UniversityMaria Curie Sklodowska Sq.220-031LublinPoland

Three-dimensional macroporous scaffolds are commonly used in bone tissue engineering applications since they provide sufficient space for cell migration and proliferation, facilitating bone ingrowth and implant vascularisation. The aim of this work was to combine two simple methods, freeze-drying and gas-foaming, in order to fabricate highly macroporous bone scaffolds made of chitosan/agarose matrix reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite. The secondary goal of this research was to comprehensively assess biomedical potential of developed biomaterials. In this work, it was demonstrated that simultaneous application of freeze-drying and gas-foaming technique allows to obtain hybrid(as proven by ATR-FTIR)macroporous bone scaffolds(pore diameter > 50 um) characterized by high open(70%) and interconnected porosity. Novel scaffolds were non-toxic, favoured osteoblasts adhesion and growth and induced apatite formation on their surfaces, indicating their high bioactivity that is essential for good implant osseointegration. Biomaterials were also prone to enzymatic degradation, degradation in acidified microenvironment(e.g. osteoclast-mediated), and slow degradation under physiological p H of ***, the scaffolds revealed microstructure(70% open porosity, SSA approx. 30 m2/g, high share of macropores with diameter in the range 100-410 um) and compressive strength(1–1.4 MPa) comparable to cancellous bone, indicating that they are promising implants for cancellous bone regeneration.

关键词： Agarose Chitosan Nanohydroxyapatite Biomaterial porosity Biodegradation Cryogel

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