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数学译林 1989年第2期8卷 158-170页

作者： cramer,H 李英霞

Effects of Eccentric Pre-loading on Concentric Vertical Jump Performance in Young Female Athletes

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第1期3卷 98-106页

作者： Zachary M.Gillen Marni E.Shoemaker Nicholas A.Bohannon Sydney M.Gibson Joel T.cramer Department of Kinesiology Mississippi State University236 McCarthy GymnasiumStarkvilleMS 39762USA College of Health Sciences The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198USA Department of Nutrition&Health Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68583USA

Purpose This study examined changes in vertical jump performance with progressively greater eccentric pre-loading in relation to growth and development in young female *** Twenty young female athletes ranging from 9 to 17 years old performed the following vertical jumps in random order:static jumps(SJs),counter-movement jumps(CMJs),and drop jumps(DJs)from drop heights of 20,30,and 40 cm(DJ20,DJ30,and DJ40,respectively).Measurements included peak force(PF),peak rate of force development(RFD),peak power(PP),eccentric impulse(ECC),and concentric impulse(CON).Measurements of growth included age,maturity offset,height,body mass,fat-free mass,and thigh muscle cross-sectional area(CSA).Results PF increased from the SJ-DJ20(P<0.009),then plateaued from DJ20-DJ40(P=1.000).RFD remained the same from SJ-CMJ(P=1.000),increased from CMJ-DJ20(P<0.001),and plateaued from DJ20-DJ40(P=0.874).PP increased from the SJ-CMJ(P<0.001),then plateaued from the CMJ-DJ40(P≥0.486).CON remained the same across all verti-cal jumps(P=1.000),while ECC increased from the SJ-DJ40(P≤0.038).Jump height(JH)increased from the SJ-CMJ(P<0.001),decreased from CMJ-DJ20(P<0.001),and plateaued from DJ20-DJ40(P=1.000).The change in PP from the SJ-CMJ(ΔCMJ-SJ)was related to all measurements of growth except CSA(r=0.558-0.815).Conclusion Young females produced greater power during the CMJ than SJ,but equivalent power from the CMJ-DJ40,despite increases in ***,ΔCMJ-SJ was not related to CSA,which suggests other underlying mechanisms affect stretch-shortening cycle utilization in young female athletes.

关键词： Stretch-shortening cycle Youth Ground reaction force Kinetics

Pinning-down molecules in their self-assemblies with multiple weak hydrogen bonds of C-H···F and C-H···N

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第3期28卷 525-530页

作者： Xin Jin Jacob R. cramer Qi-Wei Chen Hai-Lin Liang Jian Shang Xiang Shao Wei Chen Guo-Qin Xu Kurt V. Gothelf Kai Wu BNLMS College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Danish-Chinese Centre for Self-Assembly and Function of Molecular Nanostructures on Surfaces at iNANO Department of Chemistry Aarhus University8000 Aorhus C Denmark Department of Chemical Physics School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 Singapore SPURc I CREATE Way #15-01CREATE Tower 138602 Singapore

Two-dimensional self-assemblies of four partially fluorinated molecules, 1,4-bis（2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl）benzene, 4,4＇-bis（2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl）-1,1＇-biphenyl, 4,4＇-bis（2,6-difluoropyridin-4-yl）-1,1＇：4＇,1＇-terphenyl and 4,4＇-bis（2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl）-1,1＇-biphenyl, involving weak intermolecular C-H···F and C-H···N hydrogen bonds were systematically investigated on Au（111） with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The inter-molecular connecting modes and binding sites were closely related to the backbones of the building blocks, i.e., the molecule length determines its binding sites with neighboring molecules in the assemblies while the attaching positions of the N and F atoms dictate its approaching and docking angles. The experimental results demonstrate that multiple weak hydrogen bonds such as C-H···F and C-H···N can be efficiently applied to tune the molecular orientations and the self-assembly structures accordingly.

关键词： Fluorinated pyridyl molecules Grouped hydrogen bonds Molecular self-assembly Molecular design Scanning tunneling microscopy

Improvement in Radicular Symptoms but Continued Facet Arthropathy and Axial Back Pain Following Rupture of a Facet Joint Synovial Cyst

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 46-52页

作者： Bryan J. Kratz Troy Buck Daniel cramer Department of Pain Management Loyola University Medical Center Maywood IL USA

Lumbar synovial cysts are benign fluid collections thought to form in a background of facet joint degeneration, allowing for fluid to leak from the joint capsule and form cysts in the synovium. Although often asymptomatic, patients with symptomatic synovial cysts will present with low back pain and possibly an associated radiculopathy. Clinicians can consider conservative management, epidural steroid injection, surgical intervention, or facet joint block with aspiration and rupture. This case describes a 59-year-old male facilities manager with intermittent low back pain for one year with worsening right-sided radicular symptoms secondary to a lumbar facet joint synovial cyst in the context of severe facet arthropathy and microinstability. The patient’s low back pain and radicular symptoms were refractory to conservative treatment. Imaging demonstrated a lumbar synovial cyst and subsequent management included transforaminal epidural steroid injection and facet joint block with cyst aspiration and rupture. The patient’s radicular pain resolved but axial lumbar pain returned after 3 weeks of relief. Follow-up imaging demonstrated decreased cyst size with fluid accumulation and joint space widening. Although the cyst was successfully decompressed with resolution of radicular pain, the underlying facet arthropathy remains contributing to persistent axial low back pain and potential for continued degenerative changes including cyst recurrence.

关键词： Facet Joint Synovial Cyst Lumbar Synovial Cyst Radicular Pain Cyst Rupture Low Back Pain Non-Surgical Management

A rapid dehydration leaf assay reveals stomatal response differences in grapevine genotypes

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 322-329页

作者： Daniel W Hopper Ryan Ghan Grant R cramer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of NevadaRenoNV 89557USA.

A simple and reliable way of phenotyping plant responses to dehydration was ***-developed leaves were detached and placed in a closed plastic box containing a salt solution to control the atmospheric water potential in the *** hours of dehydration(weight loss of the leaf)was optimal for measuring changes in stomatal response to *** of the plant hormone abscisic acid(ABA)prior to leaf detachment decreased the amount of water loss,indicating that the assay was able to detect differences based on a stomatal response to *** different Vitis genotypes(***,***,*** ***,*** *** and *** *** Sauvignon)with known differences in drought tolerance were screened for their dehydration response and the results obtained corresponded to previous reports of stomatal responses in the *** differences in stomatal density along with differences in the amount and rate of water lost indicate differences in dehydration sensitivity among the genotypes *** in stomatal response to ABA were also *** had the lowest stomatal density and the highest ABA sensitivity among the genotypes screened,yet Shiraz lost the most amount of water,indicating that it was the least sensitive to *** having the highest stomatal density and intermediate stomatal sensitivity to ABA,*** lost the smallest amount of water,indicating that it was the most sensitive to *** assay presented here represents a simple and reliable phenotyping method for plant responses to leaf dehydration.

关键词： smallest stomatal drought

美国加州帕克菲尔德附近的土耳基平地场地效应试验区的弱运动观测和模拟

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世界地震译丛 1996年第3期27卷 63-73页

作者： C.H.cramer 杨宝仁国家地震局地球物理研究所

为了测定弱运动场地响应的稳定性和试验土工技术测量预测场地响应的能力,在穿过加州帕克菲尔德附近的土耳基平地(Turkey Flat)场地效应试验区的一些场地,对经验转换函数和理论场地放大作用函数进行了比较。用傅里叶振幅频谱比方法,对给... 详细信息

为了测定弱运动场地响应的稳定性和试验土工技术测量预测场地响应的能力,在穿过加州帕克菲尔德附近的土耳基平地(Turkey Flat)场地效应试验区的一些场地,对经验转换函数和理论场地放大作用函数进行了比较。用傅里叶振幅频谱比方法,对给定场地测定了相对于基岩参考场地的观测场地响应。进行了两种单独的研究:剖面研究和特定场地研究。相隔2km的两个横跨谷地岩石的台站之间的表面基岩场地响应差异不超过30％。在剖面研究中,在距试验区的谷地上间隔100m的一些场地使用的探测器间隔为10和20m。跨过10m的探测器间隔,表面硬土场地响应可重复测得,差异不超过30％。在硬土场地响应中,对于20m的探测器间隔,存在偶尔出现的显著变化,在10～20Hz频带内可差2至3倍。在硬土场地响应中,对于探测器间隔为100m时存在系统的变化,在5～20Hz频带内相对于土层厚度的变化可差3至10倍。在土耳基平地发现了特定场地弱运动平均频谱比和其标准偏差,可用作硬土条件强运动转换函数的经验预测值。使用由计算机程序SHAKE得到的相对放大作用函数模拟了观测的转换函数。使用接近原地测量的阻尼值,比使用实验室实验测定的阻尼值获得了共振峰值振幅更好的拟合。土耳基平地标准土工技术模型的不精确性(Real,1988),导致了计算的弱运动转换函数与观测的弱运动转换函数相比的不精确性。观测转换函数的模拟表明,模型拟合对5％的S波速度变化敏感。土耳基平地现场测量S波速度有10％～20％的误差。这一情况表明,仅仅根据现场土工技术的测量,对弱运动的精确和一致的预测是不可能的。

关键词：地震场地效应试验区弱运动观测

Use of Environmental Sequence Stratigraphy (ESS) as an Environmental Forensic Tool to Identify Chlorinated Solvent Sources at a Complex Site in Silicon Valley, California

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第5期9卷 554-566页

作者： Rick cramer Jun Lu Mike Shultz Colin Plank Herb Levine Burns & McDonnell Brea California USA Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Burns & McDonnell Concord California USA Burns & McDonnell Grand Rapids Michigan USA United States Environmental Protection Agency Region IX San Francisco California USA

This paper presents a case study for a complex contaminated groundwater site impacted by a historical release of chlorinated solvents in Silicon Valley, California. The original conceptual site model (CSM) inferred a contaminant migration pathway based on the groundwater gradient interpreted from groundwater elevation data, which is based on the underlying assumption that the subsurface conditions are homogeneous. However, the buried channel deposits render the underlying geology highly heterogeneous, and this heterogeneity plays a significant role in the subsurface migration of contaminants. Chemical fingerprinting evidence suggested that contamination at the downgradient property boundary was related to an off-site contaminant source. But, this alone was not a compelling argument. However, Environmental Sequence Stratigraphy (ESS), a geology-based environmental forensic technique, was applied to define the permeability architecture or the “plumbing” that controls subsurface fluid flow and contaminant migration. First, the geologic and depositional setting was synthesized based on regional geologic data, and representative facies models were identified for the site. Second, the existing CSM and site lithology data were reviewed and existing lithology data were graphically presented to display vertical grain-size patterns. This analysis focused on the nexus between the depositional environment and the site-specific subsurface data resulting in correlations/interpretations between and beyond data points that are based on established stratigraphic principles. The depositional environment results in buried river channels as the primary control on subsurface fluid flow, which defines hydrostratigraphic units (or HSUs). Finally, a hydrostratigraphic CSM that includes maps and cross sections was constructed to depict the HSUs present as a framework to integrate hydro-geology and chemistry data. This study demonstrates that: 1) Highly per-meable buried river channel deposi

关键词： Environmental Sequence Stratigraphy Hydrostratigraphic Units HSU Contaminant Sources Source Identification Migration Pathways Depositional Environment Chlorinated Solvents Environmental Forensic Tool

煤系有机质多阶段成气的分子碳同位素表征及其对高过成熟干酪根生气潜力评价的启示

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地球化学 2013年第2期42卷 97-102页

作者：孙永革杨中威 Bernhard cramer 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东广州510640 浙江大学地球科学系浙江杭州310027 Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Hannover 30655Germany 中国科学院大学北京100049

采用开放体系在线程序升温裂解-色谱-碳同位素比值质谱技术(PY/GC-IRMS)考察了煤系有机质热演化过程中甲烷瞬时生成速率与碳同位素组成特征,提出煤系有机质不同热演化进程甲烷生成的四个阶段:生油窗阶段、主生气阶段、晚期生气阶段(芳... 详细信息

采用开放体系在线程序升温裂解-色谱-碳同位素比值质谱技术(PY/GC-IRMS)考察了煤系有机质热演化过程中甲烷瞬时生成速率与碳同位素组成特征,提出煤系有机质不同热演化进程甲烷生成的四个阶段:生油窗阶段、主生气阶段、晚期生气阶段(芳环侧链断裂)、开环-缩聚作用阶段。以一级反应动力学为基础,采用高斯分布算法,计算了各阶段甲烷产出的动力学参数。研究结果对煤成气资源量的正确评价,特别是近年来有机质高演化阶段成气潜力的评价具有重要指示意义。

关键词：煤系有机质多阶段成烃碳同位素甲烷裂解气相色谱-同位素比值质谱

Relative quantification of phosphoproteomic changes in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves in response to abscisic acid

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 173-181页

作者： Supakan Rattanakan Iniga George Paul A Haynes Grant R cramer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of NevadaRenoRenoNVUSA Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNew South WalesAustralia

In a previous transcriptomic analysis,abscisic acid(ABA)was found to affect the abundance of a number of transcripts in leaves of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines with roots that had been exposed to 10μM ABA for 2 *** work has indicated that ABA affects protein abundance and protein phosphorylation as *** this study we investigated changes in protein abundance and phosphorylation of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine *** abundance was assessed by both label-free and isobaric-label quantitive proteomic *** identified common proteins,but also additional proteins not found with the other ***,several thousand proteins were identified and several hundred were *** addition,hundreds of phosphoproteins were *** of proteins were found to be affected in the leaf after the roots had been exposed to ABA for 2 h,more than half of them were phosphorylated *** phosphosites were confirmed and several new ones were *** increased the abundance of some proteins,but the majority of the proteins had their protein abundance *** of these proteins were involved in growth and plant organ development,including proteins involved in protein synthesis,photosynthesis,sugar and amino-acid *** study provides new insights into how ABA regulates plant responses and acclimation to water deficits.

关键词： roots Vitis hundreds

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有趣的沙堡!

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2021年第7期 30-32,53,54,56页

作者： Manya cramer PAGE DESIGN BY MICHELLE TI

如果你去海滩,你可以在那里堆沙堡。堆沙堡好玩又容易!首先,在海滩上找有潮湿沙子的地方,然后挖出一些沙子,堆成一堆。接着,把沙子放进你的桶里。用很快的速度把桶倒过来盖在那堆沙子上方,然后再小心地把桶拿起来。这么一来,你就有了一... 详细信息

如果你去海滩,你可以在那里堆沙堡。堆沙堡好玩又容易!首先,在海滩上找有潮湿沙子的地方,然后挖出一些沙子,堆成一堆。接着,把沙子放进你的桶里。用很快的速度把桶倒过来盖在那堆沙子上方,然后再小心地把桶拿起来。这么一来,你就有了一座高塔!你可以这样重复做许多次。你也可以建造沙墙。堆沙堡非常有趣。

关键词：这么一来沙子有趣海滩好玩