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Fish diversity reduction and assemblage structure homogenization in lakes:A case study on unselective fishing in China

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第3期1卷 43-50页

作者： Han Liu Yushun Chen Rodolphe e.Gozlan Xiao Qu Wentong Xia Fei Cheng Lizhu Wang craig P.Paukert Julian D.Olden Songguang Xie State Key Laboratory of Freshwater ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China ISeM Universitéde MontpellierCNRSIRDEPHEMontpellierFrance International Joint Commission Great Lakes Regional Office DetroitMI48232USA U.S.Geological Survey Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitSchool of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Missouri302 Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources BuildingColumbiaMO65211USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Wildlife Fish&Environmental StudiesSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaSweden State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikou570228China Huai'an Research Center Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesHuai'an223002China

Unselective fishing involves activities that target the entire assemblage rather than specific fish species,size classes,or trophic *** common fishing approach has been in practice for decades in inland waters in China but its implications for biodiversity remain *** addressed this issue by studying fish assemblages in freshwater lakes(five fishing lakes,one reference lake,and a total of 51 sampling sites)between pre-and postfishing time-periods in eastern China during 2017–*** effects of lake,fishing period,and their interactions on fish abundance,biomass,and diversity indices were *** analysis was conducted to test for differences in fish assemblages among lakes and between fishing *** the implementation of fishing activities,significant reductions in fish species richness,abundance,biomass,and all three life-history strategies(opportunistic,equilibrium,and periodic)were observed in fishing lakes,whereas opposite trends were observed in the reference *** similarity of fish assemblages among fishing lakes increased over the threeyear monitoring *** results suggest that unselective fishing reduces fish diversity and homogenizes fish assemblage structure in *** findings have important implications for protecting both biodiversity and fisheries in inland waters in China and are applicable to other countries or regions that rely on fish as a major food source.

关键词： Biodiversity conservation Human stressors Inland fisheries Over exploitation Sustainability Beta diversity

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Impact of colorectal cancer screening participation in remote northern Canada:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第48期26卷 7652-7663页

作者： Heather A Smith Andrew D Scarffe Nicole Brunet Cait Champion Kami Kandola Alisha Tessier Robin Boushey craig Kuziemsky Department of Surgery University of OttawaOttawa K1Y4E9OntarioCanada Telfer School of Management University of OttawaOttawa K1N6N5OntarioCanada Faculty of Medicine University of OttawaOttawa K1Y4E9OntarioCanada Department of Surgery Northern Ontario School of MedicineSudbury P3E2C6OntarioCanada Department of Health and Social Services Government of the Northwest TerritoriesYellowknife X1A1P5Northwest TerritoriesCanada Department of Surgery Stanton Territorial Health AuthorityYellowknife X1A0H1Northwest TerritoriesCanada Division of General Surgery University of OttawaOttawa K1H 8L6OntarioCanada Office of Research Services MacEwan UniversityEdmonton T5J4S2AlbertaCanada

BACKGROUND Screening provides earlier colorectal cancer(CRC)detection and improves *** remains poorly understood if these benefits are realized with screening guidelines in remote northern populations of Canada where CRC rates are nearly twice the national average and access to colonoscopy is *** To evaluate the participation and impact of CRC screening guidelines in a remote northern *** This retrospective cohort study included residents of the Northwest Territories,a northern region of Canada,age 50-74 who underwent CRC screening by a fecal immunohistochemical test(FIT)between January 1,2014 to March 30,*** assess impact,individuals with a screen-detected CRC were compared to clinically-detected CRC cases for stage and location of CRC between *** assess participation,we conducted subgroup analyses of FIT positive individuals exploring the relationships between signs and symptoms of CRC at the time of screening,wait-times for colonoscopy,and screening *** sample Welch t-test was used for normally distributed continuous variables,Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Tests for data without normal distribution,and Chi-square goodness of fit test for categorical variables.A P value ofered to be statistically *** 6817 fecal tests were completed,meaning an annual average screening rate of 25.04%,843(12.37%)were positive,629 individuals underwent a follow-up colonoscopy,of which,24.48%had advanced neoplasia(AN),5.41%had *** were no significant differences in stage,pathology,or location between screen-detected cancers and clinically-detected *** assessing participation and screening outcomes,we observed 49.51%of individuals referred for colonoscopy after FIT were ineligible for CRC screening,most often due to signs and symptoms of *** were more likely to have AN if they had signs and symptoms of cancer at the time of screening,waited over 180 d for colonoscopy,or were indigenous[

关键词： Gastroenterology Rural health services Public health Colorectal neoplasms early detection of cancer Northwest Territories

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Revealing CO_(2)-Fixing SAR11 Bacteria in the Ocean by Raman-Based Single-Cell Metabolic Profiling and Genomics

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BioDesign Research 2022年第1期2022卷 52-67页

作者： Xiaoyan Jing Yanhai Gong Teng Xu Paul ADavison craig MacGregor-Chatwin CNeil Hunter La Xu Yu Meng Yuetong Ji Bo Ma Jian Xu Wei e.Huang Single-Cell Center CAS Key Laboratory of BiofuelsShandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Institute of Energy ResearchQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandongChina Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandongChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Plants Photosynthesis and SoilSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK Disease and Fishery Drugs Research Center Marine Biology Institute of Shandong ProvinceQingdaoShandongChina Single-Cell Biotechnology LtdQingdaoShandongChina Department of engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOX13PJ OxfordUK

The majority of marine microbes remain uncultured,which hinders the identification and mining of CO_(2)-fixing genes,pathways,and chassis from the ***,we investigated CO_(2)-fixing microbes in seawater from the euphotic zone of the Yellow Sea of China by detecting and tracking their ^(13)C-bicarbonate(^(13)C-HCO_(3)^(-))intake via single-cell Raman spectra(SCRS)*** target cells were then isolated by Raman-activated Gravity-driven encapsulation(RAGe),and their genomes were amplified and sequenced at one-cell *** single-cell metabolism,phenotype and genome are *** identified a notyet-cultured Pelagibacter spp.,which actively assimilates ^(13)C-HCO_(3)^(-),and also possesses most of the genes encoding enzymes of the Calvin-Benson cycle for CO_(2) fixation,a complete gene set for a rhodopsin-based light-harvesting system,and the full genes necessary for carotenoid *** four proteorhodopsin(PR)genes identified in the Pelagibacter *** confirmed by heterologous expression in *** results suggest that hitherto uncultured Pelagibacter *** light-powered metabolism to contribute to global carbon cycling.

关键词： metabolism Benson hinder

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Comparing different domains of analysis for the characterisation of N-glycans on monoclonal antibodies

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第1期10卷 23-34页

作者： Sara Carillo Raquel Peerez-Robles craig Jakes Meire Ribeiro da Silva Silvia Millan Martín Amy Farrell Natalia Navas Jonathan Bones Characterisation and Comparability Laboratory NIBRT e the National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and TrainingFoster AvenueMount MerrionBlackrockCo.DublinA94 X099Ireland Department of Analytical Chemistry Biohealth Research Institute(ibs.GRANADA)University of GranadaGranadaSpain School of Chemical and Bioprocess engineering University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4D04 V1W8Ireland

With the size of the biopharmaceutical market exponentially increasing,there is an aligned growth in the importance of data-rich analyses,not only to assess drug product safety but also to assist drug development driven by the deeper understanding of structure/function *** monoclonal antibodies,many functions are regulated by N-glycans present in the constant region of the heavy chains and their mechanisms of action are not completely *** importance of their function focuses analytical research efforts on the development of robust,accurate and fast methods to support drug development and quality *** N-glycan analysis is considered as the gold standard for glycosylation characterisation;however,it is not the only method for quantitative analysis of glycoform *** this study,ten different analytical workflows for N-glycan analysis were compared using four monoclonal *** observing good comparability between the quantitative results generated,it was possible to appreciate the advantages and disadvantages of each technique and to summarise all the observations to guide the choice of the most appropriate analytical workflow according to application and the desired depth of data generated.

关键词： N-Glycans Biopharmaceuticals Monoclonal antibodies Intact mass analysis Mass spectrometry Native mass spectrometry Glycan analysis Peptide mapping Glycopeptide analysis

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A nano-enhanced vaccine for metastatic melanoma immunotherapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 829-845页

作者： Katelyn e.Salotto Walter C.Olson Jr Karlyn e.Pollack Anuradha Illendula elishama Michel Sydney Henriques Todd Fox Susan Walker Marya Dunlap-Brown craig L.Slingluff Jr Mark Kester Helena W.Snyde School of engineering and Applied Sciences University of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22904USA Department of Surgery School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22903USA Department of Dermatology School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22903USA Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22903USA University of Virginia nanoSTAR Institute VirginiaVA 22903USA Molecular Immunologic&Translational Sciences(MITS)Core School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22903USA Department of Materials Science School of Engineering and Applied SciencesUniversity of VirginiaVirginiaVA 22903USA

Aim:Despite the huge advancements in cancer therapies and treatments over the past decade,most patients with metastasized melanoma still die from the *** poor prognosis largely results from resistance to conventional chemotherapies and other cytotoxic *** have previously identified 6 antigenic peptides derived from melanomas that have proven efficacious for activating CD4+T cells in clinical trials for *** aim was to improve pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters by individually encapsulating each of the 6 melanoma helper peptides within their own immunogenic ***:We modified these liposomes as necessary to account for differences in the peptides’chemical properties,resulting in 3 distinct *** further enhance immunogenicity,we also incorporated KDO2,a TLR4 agonist,into the lipid bilayer of all nanoliposome *** then conducted in vivo imaging studies in mice and ex vivo cell studies from 2 patient samples who both strongly expressed one of the identified ***:We demonstrate that these liposomes,loaded with the different melanoma helper peptides,can be readily mixed together and simultaneously delivered without toxicity in *** liposomes are capable of being diffused to the secondary lymphoid organs very quickly and for at least 6 *** addition,we show that these immunogenic liposomes enhance immune responses to specific peptides ex ***:Lipid-based delivery systems,including nanoliposomes and lipid nanoparticles,have now been validated for pharmacological(small molecules,bioactive lipids)and molecular(mRNA,siRNA)therapeutic ***,the utility of these formulations as cancer vaccines,delivering antigenic peptides,has not yet achieved the same degree of commercial ***,we describe the novel and successful development of a nanoliposome-based cancer vaccine for *** vaccines help to circumvent drug resistance by increasing a

关键词： Nanoliposomes nanoscale drug delivery cancer vaccines metastasized melanoma peptides melanoma drug resistance

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Distinct mechanisms of FAK mechanoactivation by different extracellular matrix proteins

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医用生物力学 2013年第S1期28卷 69-71页

作者： Jihye Seong Arash Tajik Jie Sun Jun-Lin Guan Martin J.Humphries Susan e.craig Asha Shekaran Andrs J.García Ning Wang Yingxiao Wang Neuroscience Program University of Illinois Department of Mechanical Science and engineering University of Illinois Department of Bioengineering & Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell & DevelopmentalBiologyUniversity of Michigan Medical School Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of Manchester Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Biomedical engineering School of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Integrative and Molecular Physiology Center for Biophysics and Computational BiologyInstitute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois Department of Bioengineering University of California

Introduction Cells can sense and respond to the mechanical microenvironment by converting forces into biochemical signals inside the cells,***[1-3].Focal adhesions are the major sites of interaction between a cell and its extracellular matrix（eCM）microenvironment,thus outside mechanical signals can be sensed at focal adhesions through transmembrane receptor *** particular,it has been shown that matrix elasticity can control the cell fate[4]by modulating the interactions between eCM proteins and their receptor integrins[5,6].For example,different rigidity of polyacrylamide（PA）gels can lead to different density of eCM ancho-

关键词： integrin converting transmembrane biochemical modulating elasticity rigidity polyacrylamide outside purchased

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Regional variation in routes to diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma in england from 2006 to 2017

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第24期29卷 3825-3842页

作者： Amy Zalin-Miller Sophie Jose craig Knott Lizz Paley Daniela Tataru Helen Morement Mireille B Toledano Shahid A Khan Department of Analytics Health Data Insight CICCambridge CB215XEUnited Kingdom Disease Registration Service NHS EnglandLondon E144PUUnited Kingdom CeO AMMFLondon CM241QWUnited Kingdom MRC Centre for environment and Health School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondon SW72BXUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Division of Digestive DiseasesImperial College LondonLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Incidence of cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is rising,with overall prognosis remaining very *** for the high mortality of CCA include its late presentation in most patients,when curative options are no longer feasible,and poor response to systemic therapies for advanced *** presentation presents a large barrier to improving outcomes and is often associated with diagnosis via mergency presentation(eP).earlier diagnoses may be made by Two Week Wait(TWW)referrals through General practitioner(GP).We hypothesise that TWW referrals and eP routes to diagnosis differ across regions in *** To investigate routes to diagnosis of CCA over time,regional variation and influencing *** We linked patient records from the National Cancer Registration Dataset to Hospital episode Statistics,Cancer Waiting Times and Cancer Screening Programme datasets to define routes to diagnosis and certain patient characteristics for patients diagnosed 2006-2017 in *** used linear probability models to investigate geographic variation by assessing the proportions of patients diagnosed via TWW referral or eP across Cancer Alliances in england,adjusting for potential *** between the proportion of people diagnosed by TWW referral and eP was investigated with Spearman’s correlation *** Of 23632 patients diagnosed between 2006-2017 in england,the most common route to diagnosis was eP(49.6%).Non-TWW GP referrals accounted for 20.5%of diagnosis routes,13.8%were diagnosed by TWW referral,and the remainder 16.2%were diagnosed via an‘other’or Unknown *** proportion diagnosed via a TWW referral doubled between 2006-2017 rising from 9.9%to 19.8%,conversely eP diagnosis route declined,falling from 51.3%to 46.0%.Statistically significant variation in both the TWW referral and eP proportions was found across Cancer ***,presence of comorbidity and underlying liver disease were independently associated with both a lowe

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Route to diagnosis Two Week Wait emergency presentation Regional variation

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汽车黑客大曝光

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2017年

作者： (美)craig Smith

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Physiological functions and clinical implications of fibrinogen-like 2:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 37-46页

作者： Genyan Yang W craig Hooper Clinical and Molecular Hemostasis Laboratory Branch Division of Blood Disorders National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental DisabilitiesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30301United States

Fibrinogen-like 2(FGL2) encompasses a transmembrane(m FGL2) and a soluble(s FGL2) form with differential tertiary structure and biological activities. Typically, m FGL2 functions as prothrombinase that is capable of initiating coagulation in tissue without activation of the blood clotting cascade, whereas s FGL2 largely acts as an immunosuppressor that can repress proliferation of alloreactive T lymphocytes and maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells. Protein sequences of FGL2 exhibit evolutionary conservation across wide variety of species, especially at the carboxyl terminus that contains fibrinogen related domain(FReD). The FReD of FGL2 confers specificity and complexity in the action of FGL2, including receptor recognition, calcium affiliation, and substrate binding. Constitutive expression of FGL2 during embryogenesis and in mature tissues suggests FGL2 might be physiologically important. However, excessive induction of FGL2 under certain medical conditions(e.g. pathogen invasion) could trigger complement activation, inflammatory response,cellular apoptosis, and immune dysfunctions. On the other hand, complete absence of FGL2 is also detrimental as lack of FGL2 can cause autoimmune glomerulonephritis and acute cellular rejection of xenografts. All these roles involve m FGL2, s FGL2, or their combination. Although it is not clear how m FGL2 is cleaved off its host cells and secreted into the blood, circulating s FGL2 has been found correlated with disease severity and viral loading among patients with human hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection. Further studies are warranted to understand how FGL2 expression is regulated under physiological and pathological conditions. even more interesting is to determine whether m FGL2 can fulfill an immunoregulatory role through its FReD at carboxyl end of the molecule and, and vice versa, whether s FGL2 is procoagulant upon binding to a target cell. Knowledge in this area should shed light on development of s FG

关键词： Fibrinogen-like 2 Prothrombinase Immunosuppressor Infectious disease

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放权的艺术

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作者： (美)克雷格·e·阿伦诺夫(craig e. Aronoff)

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