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A journey towards shared governance: status and prospects for collaborative management in the protected areas of Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 599-605,602-605页

作者： A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid Donna craig Sharif Ahmed Mukul Niaz Ahmed Khan Environmental Law School of Law University of Western SydneyAustralia Department of Forestry and Environmental Science Shahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet Bangladesh School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandAustralia Department of Development Studies University of DhakaBangladesh

Establishment of Protected Areas （PAs）, in the face of rapid deforestation, forest degradation and climate change has been one of the key efforts in conservation of biodiversity worldwide in recent times. While Bangladesh has gained a degree of prominence in the world for its successful social forestry programs, the concept of collaborative pro- tected area management is rather new in the country, initiated in 2004 by the Bangladesh Forest Department in five PAs with financial assistance from USAID. Based on empirical evidence from three of the pilot PAs, we examined the achievements and associated challenges and prospects for co-management. Our fieldwork revealed a number of challenges faced by co-management institutions：（1） institutions were dominated by the elite group, overshadowing the voice of the community people; （2） mutual trust and collective performance are key to good governance but had not taken root in the PAs; （3） encroachment onto forest land and subsequent conversion to agriculture remained a serious problem that discouraged forest-dependent people from participating actively in co-management initiatives; （4） legal provisions （including acts, rules and policies） were not clearly and adequately disseminated and understood at the community level; （5） there remained a degree of ambiguity regarding the roles and responsibilities of forest department （FD） and co-management committees （CMC） in field operations, and this was not enhancing transparency and accountability of the overall initiative; （6） the long-term sustainability of co-management institutions was another major concern, as the local intuitional structure was still in a nascent stage, and provisioning of resources （either internally or externally） remained somewhat uncertain. We offer recommendations for improve- ment.

关键词： protected area co-management Nishorgo IPAC govern-ance

Physiological evidence of integrin-antibody reactive proteins influencing the innate cellular immune responses of larval Galleria mellonella hemocytes

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 239-255页

作者： Jason F.Lapointe Connor D.McCarthy Gary B.Dunphy craig A.Mandato Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald CampusSte.Anne De BellevueCanada

Larval Galleria melonella(L.)hemocytes form microaggregates in response to stimulation by Gram-positive bacteria Hemocyte adhesion to foreign materials is mediated by the CAMP/protein kinase A pathway and the B-subunit of cholera toxin using a cAMP-independent *** toxin-induced microaggregation was inhibited by the integrin inhibitory RGDS peptide,implying integrins may be part of the *** on the types of mammalian integrin-antibody reactive proteins affecting hemocyte adhesion and bacterial-induced responses ars,ory,Ai,and B3 subunits occred on both granular cell and plasmatocyte hemocyte subtypes.A fluorescent band representing the binding of rabbit as-integrin subunit antibodies occurred between adhering heterotypic *** frequency of the bands was increased by cholera *** as andβrabbit integrin subunit antibodies inhibited removal of Bacillus subtilis(Cohn)from the hemolymph in vivo,A as ir-specific synthetic peptide blocker similarly diminished hemocyte function whereas the 0v Bs-specific inhibitory peptide and the corresponding integrin subunit antibodies did not influence nonself hemocyte *** blots revealed several proteins reacting with a given integrin-antibody *** integrin-antibody reactive proteins(which may include integrins)with possible as and B epitopes modulate immediate hemocyte *** microscopy established plasmatocyte adhesion to and rosetting over substrata followved by granular cell microaggregate adhesion to plasmatocytes during early stage nodulation.

关键词： hemocyte response integrin-antibody reactive protein

Generalization of Reference System for Calculating the Second Dimension Retention Index in GC×GC-MS

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2018年第3期2卷 263-273页

作者： Md Aminul Islam Prodhan Ahmed A.Sleman Seongho Kim craig McClain Xiang Zhang Department of Chemistry University of Louisville2320 South Brook StreetLouisvilleKY 40292USA University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center 505 South Hancock StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program 505 South Hancock StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics University of Louisville2210 South Brook StreetLouisvilleKY 40208USA Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40208USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville323 East Chestnut StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Department of Medicine University of Louisville550 South Jackson StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Department of Oncology Biostatistics CoreKarmanos Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineWayne State UniversityDetroitMI 48201USA Robley Rex Louisville VAMC LouisvilleKY 40292USA

Using C_(4)-C_(25)fatty acid methyl esters(C_(4)-C_(25)FAMEs)as a sample reference series,a method was developed to generalize the reference system for calculating the second dimension retention index(2I)of compounds analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC×GC-MS).The second dimension elution temperature(2Te),second dimension unadjusted retention time(2tR),and the linear retention index(IT)of C_(4)-C_(25)FAMEs were used to form a second dimension retention index surface(2IS)via a three-dimensional surface fitting *** 2I of an analyte analyzed by GC×GC-MS was then calculated from the 2IS based on its 2tR and *** developed method was validated by calculat-ing the 2I of n-alkanes,80 compounds,and two commercially available mixtures(MegaMix A and MegaMix B).Compared to the conventional method,the developed method keeps the 2I in n-alkane retention index scale,and enables using any compounds as references to obtain a much increased separation space in the second dimension GC.

关键词： Retention index Second dimension retention index GC-MS GC×GC-MS

基于知识工程的设计自动化工程步骤的非规范化和规范化建模(英文)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2015年第9期16卷 706-723页

作者： Vibhor TREHAN craig CHAPMAN Pathmeswaran RAJU Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE) Lab Birmingham City University

目的:目前基于知识工程的设计过程自动化领域有一个缺陷,即缺乏一个语法、语义、公理完善的过程模型表示技术以便在不同平台之间共享,从而实现互操作。研究期望通过两个关键步骤来实现设计过程自动化。方法:1.对非规范化建模方法进行分... 详细信息

目的:目前基于知识工程的设计过程自动化领域有一个缺陷,即缺乏一个语法、语义、公理完善的过程模型表示技术以便在不同平台之间共享,从而实现互操作。研究期望通过两个关键步骤来实现设计过程自动化。方法:1.对非规范化建模方法进行分析对比(表1);2.分析过程建模技术应该满足的功能,细化成不同的要点对不规范的建模方法进行分析对比,同时分析可以表示不同设计分解特征的规范建模技术。结论:1.明确了设计过程自动化的两个关键步骤:(1)非规范化地获取设计过程中的关键点,(2)将非规范化模型映射为规范化表示;2.分析得出表示不同设计分解特征的规范化表示方法和技术(表2);3.根据分析结果,可以选择最优的非规范化和规范化建模方法,从而支持设计过程自动化。

关键词：基于知识的工程设计自动化过程模型规范化表示过程自动化

Synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide nanoribbons using nano test tubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1282-1287页

作者： Luke T.Norman Johannes Biskupek Graham A.Ranee craig T.Stoppiello Ute Kaiser Andrei N.Khlobystov School of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityAlbert Einstein-Allee 11Ulm 89081Germany Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

The synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide(ReS_(2))nanoribbons within single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)has been *** decacarbonyl complex is encapsulated into the SWNTs to provide a source of confined rhenium atoms,which readily react with iodine to form discrete nm-sized clusters of rhenium iodide[Re_(6)l_(14)]^(2-) embedded in the *** final step of the synthesis is accomplished by admitting hydrogen sulfide gas into nano test tubes,yielding twisted nanoribbons of rhenium disulfide encapsulated in carbon nanotubes,ReS_(2)@*** width,structure,and composition of rhenium disulfide nanoribbons are strictly controlled by the extreme confinement of the host-SWNT.A holistic analytical approach combining complementary imaging and analysis methods is used at each synthetic step to elucidate the structure and composition of the guest material and reveal the role of the SWNT contributing towards the electronic interactions with encapsulated inorganic *** ReS_(2) nanoribbons are expected to retain the electronic properties of the bulk material,such as direct bandgap,the low dimensional form of this material can be of interest for use in nanoscale electronic devices.

关键词： nanotubes nanoribbons rhenium confinement microscopy spectroscopy

Intraoperative Ureteral Identification Utilizing StimSite™ Technology during Robotic-Assisted Sacral Colpopexy Procedure: A Case Report

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Surgical Science 2022年第6期13卷 288-293页

作者： craig McCoy Moberly Regional Medical Center Moberly MO USA

Identification of the pelvic ureter location is crucial during robotic-assisted sacral colpopexy procedures to avoid iatrogenic injury. In this case study, StimSite™ technology (Allotrope Medical;Houston, TX) was used to assist with ureter identification. StimSite is a novel, minimally invasive surgical device designed to facilitate ureter identification by delivering on-demand mild electrical impulses to stimulate visible ureteral peristalsis. Visualization of the ureter can help prevent inadvertent injury which can cause significant patient morbidity, and in some cases mortality. The use of StimSite permitted ureter mapping along the pelvic sidewall and assisted with creating the proper peritoneal dissection for synthetic mesh placement. StimSite provides a minimally invasive, time-conscious option for real-time ureter identification during robotic-assisted sacral colpopexy procedures.

关键词： Robotic-Assisted Sacral Colpopexy Ureteral Injury

Anthropometric Characteristics of Elite Male Taekwondo Players Based on Weight Categories

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 91-97页

作者： Mohsen Mirali Shahram Faradjzadeh Mevaloo craig Bridge Fariborz Hovanloo Department of Exercise Physiology Physical Education and Sport Science CollegeShahid Beheshti UniversityVelenjakTehranIran Head of Health and Sport Studies Department Strategic Studies and Research CenterSport and Youth MinistryTehranIran Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group Edge Hill UniversitySt Helens Department of Exercise Physiology Physical Education and Sport Science CollegeShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the anthropometric characteristics of elite taekwondo players based on weight categories,and to determine if the length of the lower extremities might influence player’s success-level.A total of 59 elite male taekwondo players(22.02±3.07 years)participated in this *** All anthropometric assessments were performed according to the standards and methodology of the International Society for Advancement of *** 18 anthropometrical variables were measured for each athlete and compared between 7 different weight *** players were also divided into two groups(national and international)and the ratios of sitting-height to stature were *** There were significant differences(P0.05)between weight *** height/stature ratio was significantly dif-ferent(P<0.05)between the two groups,where the international group had longer lower extremities than the national *** The findings of this study provide a valuable framework to support talent identification programmes and the development of specialised preparatory strategies for different weight divisions with the sport.

关键词： Anthropometry Combat sports Weight division Somatotype Lower limbs Body fat

Histone modifications and alcohol-induced liver disease:Are altered nutrients the missing link?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2465-2472页

作者： Akshata Moghe Swati Joshi-Barve Smita Ghare Leila Gobejishvili Irina Kirpich craig J McClain Shirish Barve University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionUniversity of Louisville Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and *** is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and *** can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease ***,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene *** review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to *** review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.

关键词： Alcohol Liver disease Nutrients Metabolism Histone Epigenetic modifications S-adenosylmethionine Acetate Zinc NAD

Exploring the light-quark interaction

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1189-1196页

作者：常雷 Ian C. CLOЁT Bruno El-BENNICH Thomas KLHN craig D. ROBERTS Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics Peking University

Two basic motivations for an upgraded JLab facility are the needs： to determine the essential nature of light-quark confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking （DCSB）; and to understand nucleon structure and spectroscopy in terms of QCD＇s elementary degrees of freedom. During the next ten years a programme of experiment and theory will be conducted that can address these questions. We present a Dyson- Schwinger equation perspective on this effort with numerous illustrations, amongst them： an interpretation of string^breaking; a symmetry-preserving truncation for mesons; the nucleon＇s strangeness σ-term; and the neutron＇s charge distribution.

关键词： Bethe-Salpeter equations bound-states confinement dynamical chiral symmetry breaking,Dyson-Schwinger equations Faddeev equation nucleon electromagnetic form factors