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What is the most cost-effective strategy to screen for second primary colorectal cancers in male cancer survivors in Korea?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3153-3160页

作者： Sang Min Park Sun-Young Kim craig c earle Seung-Yong Jeong Young Ho Yun National cancer center Goyang Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health Department of Family Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of Medicine Program in Health Decision Science Department of Health Policy and ManagementHarvard School of Public Health Division of Population Sciences Department of Medical OncologyDana-Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical School Department of Surgery Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of Medicine Division of cancer control National Cancer Center

AIM： To identify a cost-effective strategy of second primary colorectal cancer （cRc） screening for cancer survivors in Korea using a decision-analytic model. METHODS： A Markov model estimated the clinical and economic consequences of a simulated 50-year- old male cancer survivors＇ cohort, and we compared the results of eight screening strategies： no screening, fecal occult blood test （FOBT） annually, FOBT every 2 years, sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, double contrast barium enema every 5 years, and colonoscopy every 10 years （cOL10）, every 5 years （cOL5）, and every 3 years （cOL3）. We included only direct medical costs, and our main outcome measures were discounted lifetime costs, life expectancy, and incremental cost- effectiveness ratio （IcER）. RESULTS： In the base-case analysis, the non-dominat- ed strategies in cancer survivors were cOL5, and cOL3. The IcER for cOL3 in cancer survivors was $5593/life- year saved （LYS）, and did not exceed $10000/LYS in one-way sensitivity analyses. If the risk of cRc in can- cer survivors is at least two times higher than that in the general population, cOL5 had an IcER of less than $10500/LYS among both good and poor prognosis of index cancer. If the age of cancer survivors starting cRc screening was decreased to 40 years, the IcER of cOL5 was tess than $7400/LYS regardless of screening compliance. cONcLUSION： Our study suggests that more strict and frequent recommendations for colonoscopy such as cOL5 and cOL3 could be considered as economically reasonable second primary cRc screening strategies for Korean male cancer survivors.

关键词： cost-effectiveness Second primary colorectal cancer Screening cancer survivor

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保乳手术至术后放疗的间隔时间对老年乳腺癌患者局部复发的影响：回顾性队列分析（摘要）

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英国医学杂志中文版 2010年第5期13卷 305-306页

作者： Rinaa S Ptmglia Aldko M Saito Bridget A Neville craig c earle Jane c Weeks 刘雨桃(译) 王燕(校) Departmcnt of Radiation Oneology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA 02115 USA Department of Medical Oncology Dana-Father Cancer Institute Boston Laboratory of clinical Epideraiological and Health Services Research Clinical Research Center National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center Aichi Japan Institute for cainical Evaluative Sciences Toronto ON Canada 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内科

目的探讨保乳手术至术后开始放疗的间隔时间长短是否对老年乳腺癌患者局部复发产生影响，以及可能引起放疗推迟的原因。

关键词：乳腺癌患者术后放疗局部复发间隔时间保乳手术队列分析老年摘要

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conversion of soy molasses,soy solubles,and dried soybean carbohydrates into ethanol

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 62-68页

作者： craig c.Long William R.Gibbons Biology and Microbiology Department South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD57007 USA

Soy molasses and soy solubles are byproducts of the conventional soy protein concentrate and soy protein isolate manufacturing processes,*** of the carbohydrates in these byproducts into ethanol was *** amounts of commercial cellulase enzymes(Novozyme cellulase,β-glucosidase,and pectinase)were added to soy molasses and soy solubles solutions prepared at various solid loading rates(33%,50%,60%,75%,and 80%)to hydrolyze oligosaccharides,followed by fermentation for 96 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2034 and Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL ***-extracted soybean meal(SBM)carbohydrates were also fermented for 96 h without *** and *** produced about 12.5-45.0 g/L and 6.0-28.0 g/L ethanol,respectively,on molasses and solubles across these solid loading *** *** produced about 6.5-17 g/L ethanol and *** produced about 6.5-22 g/L ethanol on ethanol-extracted carbohydrates.

关键词： ethanol production soy molasses soy solubles oligosaccharides

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Infrastructure-based localisation of automated coal mining equipment

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2017年第3期4卷 252-261页

作者： chad O. Hargrave craig A. James Jonathon c. Ralston Mining and Processing Technologies Research Group CoalMining Research Program CSIRO Energy BrisbaneAustralia

A novel radar-based system for longwall coal mine machine localisation is described. The system, based on a radar-ranging sensor and designed to localise mining equipment with respect to the mine tunnel gate road infrastructure, is developed and trialled in an underground coal mine. The challenges of reliable sensing in the mine environment are considered, and the use of a radar sensor for localisation is justified. The difficulties of achieving reliable positioning using only the radar sensor are examined. Several probabilistic data processing techniques are explored in order to estimate two key localisation parameters from a single radar signal, namely along-track position and across-track position, with respect to the gate road structures. For the case of across-track position, a conventional Kalman filter approach is sufficient to achieve a reliable estimate. However for along-track position estimation, specific infrastructure elements on the gate road rib-wall must be identified by a tracking algorithm. Due to complexities associated with this data processing problem, a novel visual analytics approach was explored in a 3D interactive display to facilitate identification of significant features for use in a classifier algorithm. Based on the classifier output, identified elements are used as location waypoints to provide a robust and accurate mining equipment localisation estimate.

关键词： Localisation · Waypoint navigation · Machine learning · Radar ·Underground · Longwall mining· Automation

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collective Perspective on Advances in Dyson–Schwinger Equation QcD

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2012年第7期58卷 79-134页

作者： Adnan Bashir Ian c.clet Bruno El-Bennich craig D.Roberts Peter c.Tandy Instituto de Física y Matemticas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicols de Hidalgo Edificio C-3Ciudad UniversitariaMoreliaMichoacn 58040Mxico Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIllinois 60439USA center for Nuclear Research Department of PhysicsKent State UniversityKent OH 44242USA cSSM and coEPP School of Chemistry and Physics University of AdelaideAdelaide SA 5005Australia Laboratorio de Física Teórica e computao científica Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul01506-000 So PauloSPBrazil Instituto de Física Torica Universidade Estadual Paulista01140-070 So PauloSPBrazil Department of Physics Center for High Energy Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking University Institut für Kernphysik Forschungszentrum JülichD-52425 JülichGermany Department of Physics Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIllinois 60616-3793USA

We survey contemporary studies of hadrons and strongly interacting quarks using QcD's Dyson-Schwinger equations, addressing the following aspects: confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking; the hadron spectrum; hadron elastic and transition form factors, from small-to large-Q2; parton distribution functions; the physics of hadrons containing one or more heavy quarks; and properties of the quark gluon plasma.

关键词： confinement dynamical chiral symmetry breaking Dyson-Schwinger equations hadron spectrum hadron elastic and transition form factors heavy mesons in-hadron condensates parton distribution functions quark gluon plasma UA(1)-problem

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Roles for the VcP co-factors Npl4 and Ufd1 in neuronal function in Drosophila melanogaster

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第10期44卷 493-501页

作者： Dwayne J.Byrne Mark J.Harmon Jeremy c.Simpson craig Blackstone Niamh c. O'Sullivan UcD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science UCD Conway Institute University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland UcD School of Biology and Environmental Science UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research University College Dublin Dublin 4Ireland cell Biology Section Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

The VcP-Ufd1-Npl4 complex regulates proteasomal processing within cells by delivering ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for *** in VcP are associated with two neurodegenerative diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS） and inclusion body myopathy with Paget＇s disease of the bone and frontotemporal dementia（IBMPFD）,and extensive study has revealed crucial functions of VcP within *** contrast,little is known about the functions of Npl4 or Ufd1 in *** neuronalspecific knockdown of Npl4 or Ufd1 in Drosophila melanogaster,we infer that Npl4 contributes to microtubule organization within developing motor ***,Npl4 RNAi flies present with neurodegenerative phenotypes including progressive locomotor deficits,reduced lifespan and increased accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 homolog（TBPH）.Knockdown,but not overexpression,of TBPH also exacerbates Npl4 RNAi-associated adult-onset neurodegenerative *** contrast,we find that neuronal knockdown of Ufd1 has little effect on neuromuscular junction（NMJ） organization,TBPH accumulation or adult *** findings suggest the differing neuronal functions of Npl4 and Ufd1 in vivo.

关键词： Proteasome TDP-43 accumulation Neurodegeneration Drosophila

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Exploring the light-quark interaction

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chinese Physics c 2009年第12期33卷 1189-1196页

作者：常雷 Ian c. cLOЁT Bruno El-BENNIcH Thomas KLHN craig D. ROBERTS Institute of Applied Physics and computational Mathematics Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics Peking University

Two basic motivations for an upgraded JLab facility are the needs： to determine the essential nature of light-quark confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking （DcSB）; and to understand nucleon structure and spectroscopy in terms of QcD＇s elementary degrees of freedom. During the next ten years a programme of experiment and theory will be conducted that can address these questions. We present a Dyson- Schwinger equation perspective on this effort with numerous illustrations, amongst them： an interpretation of string^breaking; a symmetry-preserving truncation for mesons; the nucleon＇s strangeness σ-term; and the neutron＇s charge distribution.

关键词： Bethe-Salpeter equations bound-states confinement dynamical chiral symmetry breaking,Dyson-Schwinger equations Faddeev equation nucleon electromagnetic form factors

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Single-lens dynamic z-scanning for simultaneous in situ position detection and laser processing focus control

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2655-2667页

作者： Xiaohan Du camilo Florian craig B.Arnold Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Systems Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Institut für Werkstofftechnik Universität Kassel34125 KasselGermany Princeton Materials Institute Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Existing auto-focusing methods in laser processing typically include two independent modules,one for surface detection and another for z-axis *** latter is mostly implemented by mechanical z stage motion,which is up to three orders of magnitude slower than the lateral processing *** alleviate this processing bottleneck,we developed a single-lens approach,using only one high-speed z-scanning optical element,to accomplish both in situ surface detection and focus control quasi-simultaneously in a dual-beam *** probing beam scans the surface along the z-axis continuously,and its reflection is detected by a set of confocal *** on the temporal response of the detected signal,we have developed and experimentally demonstrated a dynamic surface detection method at 140-350 kHz,with a controlled detection range,high repeatability,and minimum linearity error of 1.10%.Sequentially,by synchronizing at a corresponding oscillation phase of the z-scanning lens,the fabrication beam is directed to the probed z position for precise focus ***,our approach provides instantaneous surface tracking by collecting position information and executing focal control both at 140-350 kHz,which significantly accelerates the axial alignment process and offers great potential for enhancing the speed of advanced manufacturing processes in three-dimensional space.

关键词： dynamic beam simultaneous

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Estimation of food composition of Hodotermes mossambicus （Isoptera： Hodotermitidae） based on observations and stable carbon isotope ratios

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Insect Science 2011年第2期18卷 175-180页

作者： craig T. Symes Stephan Woodborne School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Wits Natural Resources and the Environment CSIR Pretoria South Africa

The diet of the harvester termite Hodotermes mossambicus was investigated at two sites with distinct dietary components： c4 grasses （δ13 c isotope values, -13.8%0 to -14.0%0） and c3 plants （δ13c isotope values, -25.6%0 to -27.1%0）. By comparing observations of food items carried into the colony by the termites and carbon isotope ratios of whole termites （that determined assimilated carbon）, the relative proportion of the c3 and c4 plant food components of the termite diet was estimated. There was agreement between the observational data and stable carbon isotopic data, with grass representing approximately 93% of the diet ofH. mossambicus at two study sites （urban and rural） on the South African highveld. However, when correcting for mass of food items, that is, c3 and c4, carried by termites, the proportion of grass （c4） in the diet may be underestimated.

关键词： carbon assimilation colony harvester termite Suikerbosrand

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Barriers to Insurance as a Flood Risk Management Tool:Evidence from a Survey of Property Owners

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第3期11卷 263-273页

作者： Jason Thistlethwaite Daniel Henstra craig Brown Daniel Scott School of Environment Enterprise and DevelopmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Political Science University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada climate change and Health Adaptation Planning Vancouver Coastal HealthVancouverBC V5Z 4C2Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada

By using risk-adjusted price signals to transfer responsibility for property-level flood protection and recovery from governments to property owners,flood insurance represents a key tenet of the flood risk management(FRM)*** Government of canada has worked with insurers to introduce flood insurance for the first time as a part of a broader shift towards FRM to limit the growing costs of *** viability of flood insurance in canada,however,has been questioned by research that disputes the utility of purchasing coverage by property *** study tested this assumption by drawing on public opinion survey data to assess factors that influence decisions about the utility of *** findings reveal that canadians have limited knowledge of flood insurance coverage,exhibit a low willingness-to-pay for both insurance and property-level flood protection measures,and expect governments to shoulder much of the financial burden of flood recovery through disaster assistance.

关键词： Flood insurance Flood risk management Risk-sharing Willingness-to-pay

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