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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 239-255页

作者： Jason F.Lapointe Connor D.McCarthy Gary B.Dunphy craig A.Mandato Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald CampusSte.Anne De BellevueCanada

Larval Galleria melonella(L.)hemocytes form microaggregates in response to stimulation by Gram-positive bacteria Hemocyte adhesion to foreign materials is mediated by the CAMP/protein kinase A pathway and the B-subunit of cholera toxin using a cAMP-independent *** toxin-induced microaggregation was inhibited by the integrin inhibitory RGDS peptide,implying integrins may be part of the *** on the types of mammalian integrin-antibody reactive proteins affecting hemocyte adhesion and bacterial-induced responses ars,ory,Ai,and B3 subunits occred on both granular cell and plasmatocyte hemocyte subtypes.A fluorescent band representing the binding of rabbit as-integrin subunit antibodies occurred between adhering heterotypic *** frequency of the bands was increased by cholera *** as andβrabbit integrin subunit antibodies inhibited removal of Bacillus subtilis(Cohn)from the hemolymph in vivo,A as ir-specific synthetic peptide blocker similarly diminished hemocyte function whereas the 0v Bs-specific inhibitory peptide and the corresponding integrin subunit antibodies did not influence nonself hemocyte *** blots revealed several proteins reacting with a given integrin-antibody *** integrin-antibody reactive proteins(which may include integrins)with possible as and B epitopes modulate immediate hemocyte *** microscopy established plasmatocyte adhesion to and rosetting over substrata followved by granular cell microaggregate adhesion to plasmatocytes during early stage nodulation.

关键词： hemocyte response integrin-antibody reactive protein

What is the most cost-effective strategy to screen for second primary colorectal cancers in male cancer survivors in Korea?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3153-3160页

作者： Sang Min Park Sun-Young Kim craig C Earle Seung-Yong Jeong Young Ho Yun National Cancer Center Goyang Department of Population and International Health Harvard School of Public Health Department of Family Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of Medicine Program in Health Decision Science Department of Health Policy and ManagementHarvard School of Public Health Division of Population Sciences Department of Medical OncologyDana-Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical School Department of Surgery Seoul National University HospitalSeoul National University College of Medicine Division of Cancer Control National Cancer Center

AIM： To identify a cost-effective strategy of second primary colorectal cancer （CRC） screening for cancer survivors in Korea using a decision-analytic model. METHODS： A Markov model estimated the clinical and economic consequences of a simulated 50-year- old male cancer survivors＇ cohort, and we compared the results of eight screening strategies： no screening, fecal occult blood test （FOBT） annually, FOBT every 2 years, sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, double contrast barium enema every 5 years, and colonoscopy every 10 years （COL10）, every 5 years （COL5）, and every 3 years （COL3）. We included only direct medical costs, and our main outcome measures were discounted lifetime costs, life expectancy, and incremental cost- effectiveness ratio （ICER）. RESULTS： In the base-case analysis, the non-dominat- ed strategies in cancer survivors were COL5, and COL3. The ICER for COL3 in cancer survivors was $5593/life- year saved （LYS）, and did not exceed $10000/LYS in one-way sensitivity analyses. If the risk of CRC in can- cer survivors is at least two times higher than that in the general population, COL5 had an ICER of less than $10500/LYS among both good and poor prognosis of index cancer. If the age of cancer survivors starting CRC screening was decreased to 40 years, the ICER of COL5 was tess than $7400/LYS regardless of screening compliance. CONCLUSION： Our study suggests that more strict and frequent recommendations for colonoscopy such as COL5 and COL3 could be considered as economically reasonable second primary CRC screening strategies for Korean male cancer survivors.

关键词： Cost-effectiveness Second primary colorectal cancer Screening Cancer survivor

Accurate determination of DNA yield from individual mosquitoes for population genomic applications

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Insect Science 2009年第4期16卷 361-363页

作者： craig S. Wilding D. Weetman K. Steen M.J. Donnelly Vector Group Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place Liverpool L3 5QA UK

Accurate estimates of DNA quantity are likely to become increasingly important for successful genomic screening of insect populations via recently developed, highly multiplexed genotyping assays and high-throughput sequencing methods. Here we show that genomic DNA extractions from single Anopheles gambiae Giles using a standard commercial kit-based methodology yield extracts with concentrations below the linear range of spectrophotometric absorbance at 260 nm. Concentrations determined by spectropho- tometry were not reproducible, and are therefore neither accurate nor reliable. However, DNA quantification using a fluorescent nucleic acid stain （PicoGreen） gave highly reproducible concentration estimates, and indicated that, on average, single mosquitoes yielded approximately 300 ng of DNA. Such a total yield is currently insufficient for many highthroughput genome screening applications, necessitating whole genome amplification of all or most individuals in a population prior to genotyping.

关键词： Anopheles gambiae DNA quantification mosquito picogreen spectrophotometry

基于知识工程的设计自动化工程步骤的非规范化和规范化建模(英文)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2015年第9期16卷 706-723页

作者： Vibhor TREHAN craig CHAPMAN Pathmeswaran RAJU Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE) Lab Birmingham City University

目的:目前基于知识工程的设计过程自动化领域有一个缺陷,即缺乏一个语法、语义、公理完善的过程模型表示技术以便在不同平台之间共享,从而实现互操作。研究期望通过两个关键步骤来实现设计过程自动化。方法:1.对非规范化建模方法进行分... 详细信息

目的:目前基于知识工程的设计过程自动化领域有一个缺陷,即缺乏一个语法、语义、公理完善的过程模型表示技术以便在不同平台之间共享,从而实现互操作。研究期望通过两个关键步骤来实现设计过程自动化。方法:1.对非规范化建模方法进行分析对比(表1);2.分析过程建模技术应该满足的功能,细化成不同的要点对不规范的建模方法进行分析对比,同时分析可以表示不同设计分解特征的规范建模技术。结论:1.明确了设计过程自动化的两个关键步骤:(1)非规范化地获取设计过程中的关键点,(2)将非规范化模型映射为规范化表示;2.分析得出表示不同设计分解特征的规范化表示方法和技术(表2);3.根据分析结果,可以选择最优的非规范化和规范化建模方法,从而支持设计过程自动化。

关键词：基于知识的工程设计自动化过程模型规范化表示过程自动化

A journey towards shared governance: status and prospects for collaborative management in the protected areas of Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 599-605,602-605页

作者： A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid Donna craig Sharif Ahmed Mukul Niaz Ahmed Khan Environmental Law School of Law University of Western SydneyAustralia Department of Forestry and Environmental Science Shahjalal University of Science and TechnologySylhet Bangladesh School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandAustralia Department of Development Studies University of DhakaBangladesh

Establishment of Protected Areas （PAs）, in the face of rapid deforestation, forest degradation and climate change has been one of the key efforts in conservation of biodiversity worldwide in recent times. While Bangladesh has gained a degree of prominence in the world for its successful social forestry programs, the concept of collaborative pro- tected area management is rather new in the country, initiated in 2004 by the Bangladesh Forest Department in five PAs with financial assistance from USAID. Based on empirical evidence from three of the pilot PAs, we examined the achievements and associated challenges and prospects for co-management. Our fieldwork revealed a number of challenges faced by co-management institutions：（1） institutions were dominated by the elite group, overshadowing the voice of the community people; （2） mutual trust and collective performance are key to good governance but had not taken root in the PAs; （3） encroachment onto forest land and subsequent conversion to agriculture remained a serious problem that discouraged forest-dependent people from participating actively in co-management initiatives; （4） legal provisions （including acts, rules and policies） were not clearly and adequately disseminated and understood at the community level; （5） there remained a degree of ambiguity regarding the roles and responsibilities of forest department （FD） and co-management committees （CMC） in field operations, and this was not enhancing transparency and accountability of the overall initiative; （6） the long-term sustainability of co-management institutions was another major concern, as the local intuitional structure was still in a nascent stage, and provisioning of resources （either internally or externally） remained somewhat uncertain. We offer recommendations for improve- ment.

关键词： protected area co-management Nishorgo IPAC govern-ance

Generalization of Reference System for Calculating the Second Dimension Retention Index in GC×GC-MS

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2018年第3期2卷 263-273页

作者： Md Aminul Islam Prodhan Ahmed A.Sleman Seongho Kim craig McClain Xiang Zhang Department of Chemistry University of Louisville2320 South Brook StreetLouisvilleKY 40292USA University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center 505 South Hancock StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program 505 South Hancock StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Center for Regulatory and Environmental Analytical Metabolomics University of Louisville2210 South Brook StreetLouisvilleKY 40208USA Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKY 40208USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville323 East Chestnut StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Department of Medicine University of Louisville550 South Jackson StreetLouisvilleKY 40202USA Department of Oncology Biostatistics CoreKarmanos Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineWayne State UniversityDetroitMI 48201USA Robley Rex Louisville VAMC LouisvilleKY 40292USA

Using C_(4)-C_(25)fatty acid methyl esters(C_(4)-C_(25)FAMEs)as a sample reference series,a method was developed to generalize the reference system for calculating the second dimension retention index(2I)of compounds analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC×GC-MS).The second dimension elution temperature(2Te),second dimension unadjusted retention time(2tR),and the linear retention index(IT)of C_(4)-C_(25)FAMEs were used to form a second dimension retention index surface(2IS)via a three-dimensional surface fitting *** 2I of an analyte analyzed by GC×GC-MS was then calculated from the 2IS based on its 2tR and *** developed method was validated by calculat-ing the 2I of n-alkanes,80 compounds,and two commercially available mixtures(MegaMix A and MegaMix B).Compared to the conventional method,the developed method keeps the 2I in n-alkane retention index scale,and enables using any compounds as references to obtain a much increased separation space in the second dimension GC.

关键词： Retention index Second dimension retention index GC-MS GC×GC-MS

Anthropometric Characteristics of Elite Male Taekwondo Players Based on Weight Categories

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 91-97页

作者： Mohsen Mirali Shahram Faradjzadeh Mevaloo craig Bridge Fariborz Hovanloo Department of Exercise Physiology Physical Education and Sport Science CollegeShahid Beheshti UniversityVelenjakTehranIran Head of Health and Sport Studies Department Strategic Studies and Research CenterSport and Youth MinistryTehranIran Sports Nutrition and Performance Research Group Edge Hill UniversitySt Helens Department of Exercise Physiology Physical Education and Sport Science CollegeShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the anthropometric characteristics of elite taekwondo players based on weight categories,and to determine if the length of the lower extremities might influence player’s success-level.A total of 59 elite male taekwondo players(22.02±3.07 years)participated in this *** All anthropometric assessments were performed according to the standards and methodology of the International Society for Advancement of *** 18 anthropometrical variables were measured for each athlete and compared between 7 different weight *** players were also divided into two groups(national and international)and the ratios of sitting-height to stature were *** There were significant differences(P0.05)between weight *** height/stature ratio was significantly dif-ferent(P<0.05)between the two groups,where the international group had longer lower extremities than the national *** The findings of this study provide a valuable framework to support talent identification programmes and the development of specialised preparatory strategies for different weight divisions with the sport.

关键词： Anthropometry Combat sports Weight division Somatotype Lower limbs Body fat

Surgical management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with sickle cell disease

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第10期6卷 776-782页

作者： Atul F Kamath Michael H McGraw craig L Israelite Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Center for Hip PreservationPenn MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania

Sickle cell disease is a known risk factor for osteonecrosis of the *** within the femoral head may cause severe pain,functional limitations,and compromise quality of life in this patient *** stages of avascular necrosis of the hip may be managed surgically with core decompression with or without autologous bone *** hip arthroplasty is the mainstay of treatment of advanced stages of the disease in patients who have intractable pain and are medically fit to undergo the *** management of hip pathology in sickle cell disease presents numerous medical and surgical challenges,and the careful perioperative management of patients is *** there is an increased risk of medical and surgical complications in patients with sickle cell disease,total hip arthroplasty can provide substantial relief of pain and improvement of function in the appropriately selected patient.

关键词： Sickle cell disease Total hip arthroplasty Core decompression Orthopedic Osteonecrosis Avascular necrosis Hip

Management of distal humeral coronal shear fractures

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第5期3卷 405-417页

作者： Shahram S Yari Nathan L Bowers Miguel A craig Lee M Reichel Baylor College of Medicine Medical School One Baylor Plaza Houston TX 77030 United States Baylor College of Medicine Department of Orthopedic Surgery Ben Taub General Hospital Houston TX 77030 United States

Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus are rare,complex fractures that can be technically challenging to manage. They usually result from a low-energy fall and direct compression of the distal humerus by the radial head in a hyper-extended or semi-flexed elbow or from spontaneous reduction of a posterolateral subluxation or dislocation. Due to the small number of soft tissue attachments at this site, almost all of these fractures are displaced. The incidence of distal humeral coronal shear fractures is higher among women because of the higher rate of osteoporosis in women and the difference in carrying angle between men and women. Distal humeral coronal shear fractures may occur in isolation, may be part of a complex elbow injury, or may be associated with injuries proximal or distal to the elbow. An associated lateral collateral ligament injury is seen in up to 40% and an associated radial head fracture is seen in up to 30% of these fractures. Given the complex nature of distal humeral coronal shear fractures, there is preference for operative management. Operative fixation leads to stable anatomic reduction, restores articular congruity, and allows initiation of early range-of-motion movements in the majority of cases. Several surgical exposure and fixation techniques are available to reconstruct the articular surface fol owing distal humeral coronal shear fractures. The lateral extensile approach and fixation with countersunk headless compression screws placed in an anterior-to-posterior fashion are commonly used. We have found a two-incision approach(direct anterior and lateral) that results in less soft tissue dissection and better outcomes than the lateral extensile approach in our experience. Stiffness, pain, articular incongruity, arthritis, and ulnohumeral instability may result if reduction is non-anatomic or if fixation fails.

关键词： Coronal Shear Fractures Distal Humerus Management Approach Two-incision

Synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide nanoribbons using nano test tubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1282-1287页

作者： Luke T.Norman Johannes Biskupek Graham A.Ranee craig T.Stoppiello Ute Kaiser Andrei N.Khlobystov School of Chemistry University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK Central Facility for Electron Microscopy Ulm UniversityAlbert Einstein-Allee 11Ulm 89081Germany Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre University of NottinghamNottinghamNG72RDUK

The synthesis of ultrathin rhenium disulfide(ReS_(2))nanoribbons within single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)has been *** decacarbonyl complex is encapsulated into the SWNTs to provide a source of confined rhenium atoms,which readily react with iodine to form discrete nm-sized clusters of rhenium iodide[Re_(6)l_(14)]^(2-) embedded in the *** final step of the synthesis is accomplished by admitting hydrogen sulfide gas into nano test tubes,yielding twisted nanoribbons of rhenium disulfide encapsulated in carbon nanotubes,ReS_(2)@*** width,structure,and composition of rhenium disulfide nanoribbons are strictly controlled by the extreme confinement of the host-SWNT.A holistic analytical approach combining complementary imaging and analysis methods is used at each synthetic step to elucidate the structure and composition of the guest material and reveal the role of the SWNT contributing towards the electronic interactions with encapsulated inorganic *** ReS_(2) nanoribbons are expected to retain the electronic properties of the bulk material,such as direct bandgap,the low dimensional form of this material can be of interest for use in nanoscale electronic devices.

关键词： nanotubes nanoribbons rhenium confinement microscopy spectroscopy