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Understanding the Rayleigh instability in humping phenomenon during laser powder bed fusion process

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第1期4卷 85-92页

作者： Wenxuan Zhang Wenyuan Hou Luc Deike craig Arnold Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544United States of America Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544United States of America Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544United States of America High Meadows Environmental Institute Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544United States of America

The periodic undulation of a molten track’s height profile in laser-based powder bed fusion of metals(PBF-LB/M)is a commonly observed phenomena that can cause defects and building failure during the manufacturing *** a quantitative analysis of such instabilities has not been fully established and so here we used Rayleigh–Plateau theory to determine the stability of a single molten track in PBF-LB/M and tested it with various processing conditions by changing laser power and beam *** analysis discovered that normalized enthalpy,which relates to energy input density,determines whether a molten track is initially unstable and if so,the growth rate for the ***,whether the growth rate ultimately yields significant undulation depends on the melt duration,estimated by dwell time in our experiment.

关键词： additive manufacturing powder bed fusion dual lasers undulation humping

Coal mine entry rating system:A case study

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 145-151页

作者： Mark A.Van Dyke Ted M.Klemetti craig Compton National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA

Coal mines are continuously seeking to determine the performance of entries with different ground control products and installation *** are many factors that impact how an entry will perform which include but are not limited to geology,overburden,bolting type and pattern,and mine *** the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH),research has been instituted to examine the relationship of the parts of a coal mine entry as a system and not as individual *** study this relationship,the first step in this study was to create a numeric rating system that accurately reflects visual observations of the mine entry and is easy to *** researchers devised this rating system to improve upon previous ideas,offering increased flexibility which can be incorporated into an overall entry condition that offers different levels of confidence based on the user’s time devoted to the *** new entry rating system was implemented at three different mines over varying periods of time to evaluate the ground response to the geology,bolt installation pattern,stress changes by mining,overburden,and time dependency.

关键词： Coal Geology Rating system Support

Study of the wall adhesive tensile contact of moist iron ore bulk solids

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Particuology 2020年第3期18卷 67-75页

作者： Tao Fang Wei Chen Jens Plinke craig Wheeler Alan Roberts School of Civil Engineering East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China School of Engineering The University of NewcastleCallaghan 2308Australia

The adhesive tensile stress between moist bulk iron ore solids and wall surfaces are critical to control and avoid blockage in large throughput material handling *** this study,an experimental system was designed to investigate the adhesive tensile contact between a range of iron ore materials and wall lining *** contact mechanism between the material specimen and the wall surface was initially *** experimental results indicated that the adhesive tensile stress is dependent on both the moisture content and the applied major consolidation stress,with the former exhibiting more significant contribution to increasing the magnitude of *** surface roughness of the wall showed a negligible effect in determining the adhesive tensile ***,the iron ore sample with a higher fines content was observed to be able to achieve a higher adhesive tensile stress compared to the coarse ***,the insights resulting from the study demonstrated practical applicability through measures such as blending and/or beneficiation,which reduce the adhesive tensile stress and minimise blockages.

关键词： Wet sticky material Adhesive tensile stress Wall linings Liquid bridge force Capillary stress Soil texture

SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy J. Nentl, craig Miller.

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SimMarket research student playbook / Nancy J. Nentl, Craig ...

Delivering on the promise of gene editing for cystic fibrosis

2003年

作者： Nancy J. Nentl craig Miller.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第2期6卷 97-108页

作者： craig A.Hodges Ronald A.Conlon Department of Pediatrics Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

In this review,we describe a path for translation of gene editing into therapy for cystic fibrosis(CF).Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the CFTR gene,with one allele predominant in patient *** simple,genetic etiology makes gene editing appealing for treatment of this *** already have been success in applying this approach to cystic fibrosis in cell and animal models,although these advances have been modest in comparison to advances for other *** than six years after its first demonstration in animals,CRISPR/Cas gene editing is in early clinical trials for several *** clinical trials,thus far,attempt to edit genes in cells of the blood *** advantage of the blood is that the stem cells are known,can be isolated,edited,selected,expanded,and returned to the *** likely next trials will be in the liver,which is accessible to many delivery *** cystic fibrosis,the biggest hurdle is to deliver editors to other,less accessible *** outline a path by which delivery can be *** translation of new therapies doesn’t occur in isolation,and the development of gene editors is occurring as advances in gene therapy and small molecule therapeutics are being *** advances made in gene therapy may help develop delivery vehicles for gene editing,although major improvements are ***,the approval of effective small molecule therapies for many patients with cystic fibrosis will raise the bar for translation of gene editing.

关键词： CFTR gene CRISPR/Cas9 Cystic fibrosis Gene editing Gene therapy

Epidemiology of isolated foot burns in children presenting to a Queensland paediatric burns centre—a two-year study in warmer climate

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第1期5卷 58-63页

作者： Florence Ngu Bhaveshkumar Patel craig McBride Pegg Leditschke Children’s Burns Centre Department of Paediatric SurgeryLady Cilento Children’s Hospital501 Stanley StreetSouth Brisbane QLD 4101Australia Centre for Children’s Burns and Trauma Research Queensland Children’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of QueenslandQueenslandAustralia

Background: European studies of paediatric foot burns report scalds as the leading cause. Mechanisms of injury are different in warmer climates. We sought to characterize the mechanisms and outcomes of isolated foot burns in our population. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database of all children aged 0–15 years presenting to a Queensland paediatric burns centre over a 26-month period. Non-parametric analyses such as the Mann-Whitney U and Pearson Chi-square were used. Results: There were 218 children with foot burns treated over a period of 2 years and 2 months of which 214 had complete records. There were significantly more boys than girls (n=134, 62.6% cf. n=80, 37.4%, p<0.0001). The leading mechanism of injury was a contact burn accounting for 63.1% (n=135) followed by scalds (23.8%, n=51). Friction, flame and chemical burns were a minority but were significantly deeper (p=0.03) and significantly more likely to require grafting (p=0.04) and scar management (p<0.0001) compared to contact and scald burns. Conclusions: In our population, contact burns are the most common mechanism of injury causing burns to the feet. The leading aetiology is campfire burns, which account for one-third of all burns to the feet. Prevention campaigns targeted at this population could significantly reduce the burden of morbidity from these burns. Friction, flame and chemical burns constitute a minority of patients but are deeper and more likely to require skin grafting and scar management.

关键词： Epidemiology Foot burns Paediatric Scald Australia Campfire

Deep Volatiles as the Key for Energy and Environments of the Four-Dimensional Earth System

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 393-394页

作者： Ho-Kwang Mao craig M. Schiffries Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) Shanghai 201203 China Geophysical Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science Washington DC 20015 USA

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and their compounds are volatile components that dominate the thin and fragile atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere on Earth’s habitable surface. However, the vast majority of these volatiles are hidden in the deep interior, where the high pressure–temperature conditions drastically and categorically alter the physics and chemistry of the volatiles. Like the bloodstream of an organism, the circulations and interactions of volatiles in the deep Earth modulate climate, resources, energy, natural hazards, and other factors that define the Earth as a unique living and changing planet.

关键词： Four-Dimensional Earth System Deep Volatiles

Constraining Design:Applying the Insights of Cognitive Work Analysis to the Design of Novel In-Car Interfaces to Support Eco-Driving

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第1期3卷 30-41页

作者： craig K.Allison Neville A.Stanton Solent University East Park TerraceSouthampton SO140YNUK Transportation Research Group University of SouthamptonBoldrewood Innovation CampusSouthampton SO167QFUK

The design with intent(DwI)toolkit assists designers in creating novel designs and ***,however,is not constrained to any degree,making it impossible to know whether the produced designs adequately account for users’*** contrast,cognitive work analysis(CWA)is a human factors research tool that seeks to map a system and account for users’needs,yet does not provide clear guidelines for progressing such analysis into workable designs with which users can *** paper seeks to present a proof-of-concept investigation to demonstrate that DwI can be suitably constrained and validated by insights gained from ***,in turn,benefits by having a suitable toolkit for progressing *** teams of individuals without design backgrounds were able to develop mock-up in-vehicle interfaces aimed at reducing fuel *** teams were able to use DwI toolkit to articulate the genesis of their ideas,which in turn could be directly linked to system needs identified within CWA.

关键词： Design with intent Cognitive work analysis Interface design Eco-driving

Conversion of soy molasses,soy solubles,and dried soybean carbohydrates into ethanol

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 62-68页

作者： craig C.Long William R.Gibbons Biology and Microbiology Department South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD57007 USA

Soy molasses and soy solubles are byproducts of the conventional soy protein concentrate and soy protein isolate manufacturing processes,*** of the carbohydrates in these byproducts into ethanol was *** amounts of commercial cellulase enzymes(Novozyme cellulase,β-glucosidase,and pectinase)were added to soy molasses and soy solubles solutions prepared at various solid loading rates(33%,50%,60%,75%,and 80%)to hydrolyze oligosaccharides,followed by fermentation for 96 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2034 and Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL ***-extracted soybean meal(SBM)carbohydrates were also fermented for 96 h without *** and *** produced about 12.5-45.0 g/L and 6.0-28.0 g/L ethanol,respectively,on molasses and solubles across these solid loading *** *** produced about 6.5-17 g/L ethanol and *** produced about 6.5-22 g/L ethanol on ethanol-extracted carbohydrates.

关键词： ethanol production soy molasses soy solubles oligosaccharides