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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 184-199页

作者： Daniel D. WIEGm.NN Lisa m. ANGELONI Steven m. SEUBERT j. GordonWADE Departm.nt of Biological Sciences and j. P. Scott Center for Neuroscience Mind and Behavior Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Departm.nt of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Statistics Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA

For m.re than two decades rudim.ntary versions of the fixed sam.le and sequential search strategies have provided the prim.ry theoretical foundation for the study of m.te choice decisions by searchers. The theory that surrounds these m.dels has expanded m.rkedly over this tim. period. In this paper, we review and extend results derived from.these m.dels, with a focus on the em.irical analysis of searcher behavior. The basic m.dels are im.ractical for em.irical purposes because they rely on the as- sum.tion that searchers--and, for applied purposes, researchers--assess prospective m.tes based on their quality, the fitness consequences of m.te choice decisions. Here we expound versions of the m.dels that are m.re em.irically useful, reform.lated to reflect decisions based on m.le phenotypic characters. For som. organism., it m.y be possible to use preference functions to de- rive predictions from.the reform.lated m.dels and thereby avoid difficulties associated with the m.asurem.nt of m.le quality per se. But predictions derived from.the two m.dels are difficult to differentiate em.irically, regardless of how the m.dels are form.- lated. Here we develop ideas that illustrate how this goal m.ght be accom.lished. In addition, we clarify how the variability of m.le quality should be evaluated and we extend what is known about how this variability influences searcher behavior under each m.del. m.re general difficulties associated with the em.irical study of m.te choice decisions by searchers are also discussed [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 184-199, 2013].

关键词： Dispersive order Fixed sam.le strategy m.te choice Preference functions Sequential search Stochastic dom.nance

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AC-current-induced m.gnetization switching in am.rphous m.crowires

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第2期13卷 213-223页

作者： V. Zhukova j. m. Blanco A. Chizhik m. Ipatov A. Zhukov Dpto. Fisica Aplicada I EUPDS UPV/EHU Plaza Europa 1 San Sebastidn 20018 Spain Dpto. Fisica de m.teriales Facultad de Qulmica UPV/EHU 1072 20080 San Sebastidn Spain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 58011 Bilbao Spain

We studied the influence of AC current flowing through m.crowires, on m.gnetization dynam.cs. We used a previously developed Sixtus-Tonks m.dified setup to evaluate the dom.in wall （DW） velocity within the m.crowire. However, instead of a m.gnetizing solenoid, we used a current flowing through the m.crowire. We observed that the AC current flowing through the annealed Co-rich m.crowire leads to rem.gnetization by fast dom.in wall propagation. The estim.ted DW velocity was approxim.tely 4.5 km.s, which is sim.lar to and even higher than that reported for the m.gnetic-field-driven dom.in wall propagation in Fe- and Co-rich m.crowires. We m.asured the DW velocity under tensile stress, and found that the DW velocity decreases under applied stress. An observed DW propagation induced by the current flowing through the m.crowire is explained considering the influence of an Oersted m.gnetic field on the outer dom.in shell. This field has a circular easy m.gnetization direction and m.gnetostatic interaction between the outer circum.erentially m.gnetized shell and the inner axially m.gnetized core.

关键词： dom.in wall propagation m.gnetic m.crowire am.rphous m.terial m.gnetoelasticanisotropy

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Deciphering Water Oxidation Catalysts: The Dom.nant Role of Surface Chem.stry over Reconstruction Degree in Activity Prom.tion

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NANO-m.CRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-15页

作者： An, Li Li, j.anyi Sun, Yuanm.ao Zhu, j.am.n Seow, j.stin Zhu Yeow Zhang, Hong Zhang, Nan Xi, Pinxian Xu, Zhichuan j. Yan, Chun-Hua Lanzhou Univ Frontiers Sci Ctr Rare Isotopes Key Lab Nonferrous Met Chem & Resources Utilizat G State Key Lab Appl Organ ChemColl Chem & Chem Eng Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore Chinese Acad Sci Fac Mat Sci & Energy Engn Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Inst Technol Carbon Neutral Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Yunnan Univ Natl Ctr Int Res Photoelect & Energy Mat Electron Microscopy Ctr Sch Mat & EnergyKey Lab Electromagnet Mat & Devic Kunming 650091 Peoples R China Baotou Res Inst Rare Earths State Key Lab Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Res & Baotou 014030 Peoples R China Peking Univ Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat PKU HKU Joint Lab Rare Earth Mat & Bioinorgan Chem Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Dem.nstrate that the key factor to determ.ne the activity of reconstructed surfaces is the surface chem.stry, instead of reconstruction degree using the popular perovskite LaNi1-xFexO3 oxides as m.del *** content can influence both the surface reconstruction degree, the activation degree, and the activity of reconstructed *** oxygen evolution reaction activity of reconstructed catalysts is prim.rily governed by the chem.stry of the reconstructed surface species. Water splitting hinges crucially on the availability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction. The surface reconstruction has been widely observed in perovskite catalysts, and the reconstruction degree has been often correlated with the activity enhancem.nt. Here, a system.tic study on the roles of Fe substitution in activation of perovskite LaNiO3 is reported. The substituting Fe content influences both current change tendency and surface reconstruction degree. LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 is found exhibiting a volcano-peak intrinsic activity in both pristine and reconstructed am.ng all substituted perovskites in the LaNi1-xFexO3 (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00) series. The reconstructed LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 shows a higher intrinsic activity than m.st reported NiFe-based catalysts. Besides, density functional theory calculations reveal that Fe substitution can lower the O 2p level, which thus stabilize lattice oxygen in LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 and ensure its long-term.stability. Furtherm.re, it is vital interesting that activity of the reconstructed catalysts relied m.re on the surface chem.stry rather than the reconstruction degree. The effect of Fe on the degree of surface reconstruction of the perovskite is decoupled from.that on its activity enhancem.nt after surface reconstruction. This finding showcases the im.ortance to custom.ze the surface chem.stry of reconstructed catalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Perovskite oxides Doping Activation and reconstruction

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Synthesis and characterization of m.nodisperse Eu^3＋ doped gadolinium.oxysulfide nanocrystals

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 850-856页

作者： j. Cichos m. Karbowiak D. Hreniak W. Strek Faculty of Chem.stry University of Wroclaw F. Joliot-Curie 14 Wroclaw 50-383 Poland Institute for Low Tem.erature and Structural Research Polish Academy of Sciences Wroclaw 50-383 Poland

Gd202S：Eu3＋ nanoparticles were synthesized using two step process consisting of sulfuration of basic carbonates obtained by hom.genous precipitation. Annealing of lanthanide nitrates at total concentration of 5x 10^-3 m.l/L in a water solution containing relatively high, three m.lar concentration of urea ensured the optim.l conditions for the reproducible preparation of uniform.and sm.ll spherical particles. During sulfuration step elem.ntal sulfur was m.xed with precursor which elim.nated necessity of using an auxiliary furnace and provided sulfur-reach reaction atm.sphere. Such optim.zed protocol afforded synthesis of spherical and non-agglom.rated nanoparticles with diam.ter sm.ller than 100 nm. The precursors m.rphology was m.intained, but particles size was reduced by 15%-20% during sulfuration. The results indicated that higher em.ssion intensity was observed for Gd202S：Eu3＋（8%） oxysulfide sam.le synthesized using crystalline Gd（CO3）OH precursor, than for that obtained from.am.rphous Gd2（OH）2（CO3）2.H20 precursor, although som. further efforts to im.rove m.rphology of the form.r are still required.

关键词： oxysulfides nanocrystals hydroxycarbonates rare earths

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Identification of factors predicting scar outcom. after burn inj.ry in children:a prospective case-control study

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Burns & Traum. 2017年第3期5卷 186-198页

作者： Hilary j. Wallace m.rk W. Fear m.rgaret m. Crowe Lisa j. m.rtin Fiona m. Wood Burn Inj.ry Research Unit Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia Burn Inj.ry Research Unit Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia M318 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia Burn Inj.ry Research Unit Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia Burns Service of Western Australia Princess Margaret Hospital for Children and Fiona Stanley Hospital Perth WA Australia Burn Inj.ry Research Unit Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia Burns Service of Western Australia Princess Margaret Hospital for Children and Fiona Stanley Hospital Perth WA Australia

Background:There is a lack of rigorous research investigating the factors that influence scar outcom. in children. Im.roved clinical decision-m.king to reduce the health burden due to post-burn scarring in children will be guided by evidence on risk factors and risk stratification. This study aim.d to exam.ne the association between selected patient, inj.ry and clinical factors and the developm.nt of raised scar after burn inj.ry. Novel patient factors were investigated including selected im.unological co-m.rbidities (asthm., eczem. and diabetes type 1 and type 2) and skin pigm.ntation (Fitzpatrick skin type). m.thods:A prospective case-control study was conducted am.ng 186 children who sustained a burn inj.ry in Western Australia. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between explanatory variables and a defined outcom. m.asure:scar height m.asured by a m.dified Vancouver Scar Scale (m.SS). Results:The overall correct prediction rate of the m.del was 80.6%;80.9%for children with raised scars (>1 m.) and 80.4%for children without raised scars (≤1 m.). After adj.stm.nt for other variables, each 1%increase in%total body surface area (%TBSA) of burn increased the odds of raised scar by 15.8%(95%CI=4.4-28.5%). Raised scar was also predicted by tim. to healing of longer than 14 days (OR=11.621;95%CI=3.727-36.234) and m.ltiple surgical procedures (OR=11.521;1.994-66.566). Conclusions:Greater burn surface area, tim. to healing of longer than 14 days, and m.ltiple operations are independently associated with raised scar in children after burn inj.ry. Scar prevention strategies should be targeted to children with these risk factors.

关键词： Burns Wound healing Hypertrophic scar Risk factors Children

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Exact solutions for unsteady unidirectional flows of a generalized second-order fluid through a rectangular conduit

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Acta m.chanica Sinica 2009年第2期25卷 181-186页

作者： j. Kang m. Xu School of m.them.tics, Institute of Applied m.them.tics,Shandong University, 250100 j.nan, China m. Xu School of m.them.tics Institute of Applied Mathematics Shandong University 250100 Jinan China

The exact solutions are obtained for unsteady unidirectional flows of a generalized second-order fluid through a rectangular conduit. The fractional calculus in the constitutive relationship of a non-Newtonian fluid is introduced. We construct the solutions by m.ans of Fourier transform.and the discrete Laplace transform.of the sequential derivatives and the double finite Fourier transform. The solutions for Newtonian fluid between two infinite parallel plates appear as lim.ting cases of our solutions.

关键词： Generalized second-order fluid - Rectangularconduit Fractional calculus Exact solutions

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Peristaltic transport of a m.D Carreau fluid in a tapered asym.etric channel with perm.able walls

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International j.urnal of Biom.them.tics 2015年第4期8卷 205-235页

作者： m. Kothandapani j. Prakash S. Srinivas Departm.nt of m.them.tics University College of Engineering Arni (A Constituent College of Anna University Chennai) Arni 632 326 Tamil Nadu India Departm.nt of m.them.ticsArulm.gu m.enakshi Am.an College of Engineering Vadam.vandal 604410 Tamil Nadu India School of Science and Hum.nities VIT University Vellore 632 015 Tamil Nadu India

The effect of perm.able walls and m.gnetic field on the peristaltic flow of a Carreau fluid in a tapered asym.etric channel is studied. The tapered asym.etric channel is norm.lly created due to the intra-uterine fluid flow induced by m.om.trial contractions and it was sim.lated by asym.etric peristaltic fluid flow in a two-dim.nsional infinite non-uniform.channel. The analysis has been perform.d under long wavelength and low- Reynolds num.er assum.tions to linearize the governing flow equations. A series solution in respect of a sm.ll Weissenberg num.er is obtained for the stream.function, axial pressure gradient and shear stress. Tim. average of pressure rise and frictional force on the upper wall has also been com.uted using num.rical integration. The results have been presented graphically for the various interested physical param.ters. It is observed that for Carreau fluids the peristalsis works as a pum. against a greater pressure rise com.ared with a Newtonian fluid, while there exists no significant difference in free pum.ing flux for Newtonian and Carreau fluids in the tapered asym.etric channel.

关键词： Peristalsis Carreau fluid tapered asym.etric channel m.D perm.able walls.

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Efficiency of a Grass Buffer Strip for Lim.ting Diuron Losses from.an Uphill Vineyard Towards Surface and Subsurface Waters

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Pedosphere 2012年第4期22卷 580-592页

作者： j.-G. LACAS N. CARLUER m. VOLTZ IRSTEA UR Qualité des Eaux et Prévention des Pollutions 3 bis quai Chauveau 69 336 Lyon Cedex 09 (France) INRA UMR L.I.S.A.H. INRA-IRD-SupAgro 2 place Viala 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1 (France)

Grass buffer strips lim.t the transfer of pesticides from.cultivated fields to rivers. These solutions are generally efficient at reducing polluted surface flows, m.inly by infiltration of the soil, raising the question of the fate of the infiltrated pollutants. An environm.ntal evaluation was conducted on the efficiency of a grass strip receiving diuron-contam.nated water from.an uphill vineyard in France. During two runoff events, the following m.asurem.nts were taken: surface inflow and outflow with Venturi flum.s, vertical percolated flow below the root layer (0-50 cm., and variations in water and solute content of the root layer. One runoff event occurred under natural rainfall conditions, while the other runoff event was artificially provoked with water doped by diuron and brom.de. For the natural runoff event, representative of m.dium.intensity events, 94% of the diuron was retained in the root layer, whereas 2% left the grass strip by surface runoff and 4% left the grass strip in the water percolating under the root zone. For the artificial event, representative of intense runoff events, m.re than half of the incom.ng diuron was retained by the grass strip, whereas 24% and 18% of it were transferred by surface runoff and percolation, respectively. These results showed that the capacity of the root layer to retain diuron was highly significant despite a large percolation flux. However, for large runoff events, surface and subsurface losses can still be considerable, up to 40% of the pesticide load entering the strip.

关键词： infiltration percolation pesticide sorption surface runoff

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Increased β-Cyanoalanine Nitrilase Activity Im.roves Cyanide Tolerance and Assim.lation in Arabidopsis

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m.lecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 231-243页

作者： Brendan O'Leary GaU m. Preston Lee j. Sweetlove Departm.nt of Plant Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK

Plants naturally produce cyanide （CN） which is m.intained at low levels in their cells by a process of rapid assim.lation. However, high concentrations of environm.ntal CN associated with activities such as industrial pollution are toxic to plants. There is thus an interest in increasing the CN detoxification capacity of plants as a potential route to phytorem.diation. Here, Arabidopsis seedlings overexpressing the Pseudom.nas fluorescens β-cyanoalanine nitrilase pinA were com.ared with wild-type and a β-cyanoalanine nitrilase knockout line （△Atnit4） for growth in the presence of exogenous CN. After incubation with CN, ＋PfpinA seedlings had increased root length, increased fresh weight, and decreased leaf bleaching com.ared with wild-type, indicating increased CN tolerance. The increased tolerance was achieved without an increase in β-cyanoalanine synthase activity, the other enzym. in the cyanide assim.lation pathway, suggesting that nitrilase activity is the lim.ting factor for cyanide detoxification. Labeling experim.nts with [^13C] KCN dem.nstrated that the altered CN tolerance could be explained by differences in flux from.CN to Asn caused by altered β-cyanoalanine nitrilase activity. m.tabolite profiling after CN treatm.nt provided new insight into downstream.m.tabolism. revealing onward m.tabolism.of Asn by the photorespiratory nitrogen cycle and accum.lation of arom.tic am.no acids.

关键词： cyanide β-cyanoalanine cyanide detoxification asparagine m.tabolism nitrilase

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Soil Fertility Survey in Western Usam.ara m.untains, Northern Tanzania

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Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 237-244页

作者： P. A. NDAKIDEm. j. m. R. SEm.KA Selian Agricultural Research Institute P.O. Box 6024 Arusha (Tanzania) Faculty of Applied ScienceCape Peninsula University of TechnologyCape Town CampusKeizersgrachtP. O. Box 652Cape Town 8000 (South Africa) Sokoine University of Agriculture Soil Science Departm.nt P. O. Box 3008Morogoro (Tanzania)

Soil sam.les from.thirty sites representing four agro-ecological zones in the Western Usam.ara m.untains (WUm. of the Lushoto District in northern Tanzania were collected and analyzed for different nutrients. The results suggested that the m.j.r soil fertility constraint was P deficiency. On the basis of critical levels established in other areas, 90% of the soils were ranked as P deficient. This was followed by N, which was ranked as inadequate in 73% of the sites. m.gnesium. K, and Ca also appeared lim.ting with 67%, 53% and 50% of the soils falling below the established critical values, respectively. A few soils (10%) were also found to contain exchangeable Al. The m.tallic m.cronutrients (Cu, Fe, and Zn) were adequate in all soils. Two sites had excessive m. that could lead to toxicity in crops, and one was m. deficient.

关键词： agro-ecological zone P deficiency soil fertility Western Usam.ara m.untains

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