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Somatic cell mutations in cerebral tissue of cattle affected by bovine spongiform encephalopathy

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Agricultural Sciences 2010年第1期1卷 39-43页

作者： Matteo Busconi corrado Fogher Istituto di Agronomia Genetica e Coltivazioni erbacee Sezione di Botanica e Genetica vegetale Università Cattolica S. Cuore

In animals the prion disease includes sheep and goat scrapie and the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). While several polymorphisms of the prion (PRNP) gene have been identified in sheep and some of them have been associated with susceptibility to scrapie, few mutations are reported in cattle and no correlation with BSE have been demonstrated. Genetic screening for mutants in the PRNP gene of 21 BSE positive animals by direct sequencing of the amplified gene, using DNA extracted from brain as template, confirmed that only few polymorphisms are present. However DNA molecules cloned and sequenced from the population of fragments considering a total of 90 clones from 9 BSE positive and 70 clones from 7 BSE negative animals, gave a highly significant differences in the frequency of mutations (p = 0.01). The high frequency and type of variants found cannot be explained only with misincorporation error of the Taq polymerase. Interestingly one of the mutations found in the BSE positive animals (F209S) corresponds to a mutant that causes a familiar form of prion disease in humans (F198S). These data can be explained with the presence of somatic mutations modifying the PRNP gene in single brain cells.

关键词： BSE Prion Somatic Mutations

Correlations Between Myoelectric and Hemodynamic Parameters Changes in Biceps Brachii During Sustained Isometric Contraction in Healthy Elderly

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 116-123页

作者： Cristian Zampella Luca Calanni Marco Barbero corrado Cescon Giuseppe Giovanetti Massimo Negro Giuseppe D’Antona CRIAMS-Sport Medicine Centre University of PaviaVogheraItaly Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab Department of Business EconomicsHealth and Social CareUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern SwitzerlandMannoSwitzerland Department of Public Health Experimental and Forensic Medicine and Sport Medicine Centre VogheraUniversity of PaviaVia Foscolo1327058 VogheraPaviaItaly

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the Pearson correlations between hemodynamic parameters obtained with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), namely total hemoglobin (tHb) and tissue oxygen index (TOI %), as indica-tors of blood flow and oxygen extraction, and myoelectric parameters obtained with surface multichannel electromyography (sEMG), namely fractal dimension (FD) and conduction velocity (CV) slopes, as descriptors of central and peripheral fatigue, during sustained high level isometric contractions at 60% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), in elderly subjects. Methods Ten recreationally healthy elderly subjects (age 67.7 ± 4.6 years), 5 males and 5 females, performed one isometric contraction of the elbow flexors at 120° joint angle at 60% of MVC until exhaustion in two subsequent trials 1 week apart, one for the sEMG and the other one for NIRS recordings from the biceps brachii. Results A negative strong Pearson’s correlation between TOI % slope in the functional hyperemic phase (HP) of contrac-tion and a positive correlation between the slope of TOI % recorded during the ischemic phase (IP) and the CV slope were found (r = − 0.76, P < 0.05;r = 0.91, P < 0.01, respectively). A negative strong correlation between tHb IP slope and tHb HP slope and TOI % IP slope and TOI % HP slope (r = − 0.78, P < 0.01;r = − 0.78, P < 0.01, respectively) were also found. No correlation was found between FD slope and hemodynamic parameters (FD slope vs. HP tHb slope, r = − 0.19;FD slope vs. IP tHb slope, r = 0.16;FD slope vs. HP TOI % slope, r = 0.19;FD slope vs. IP TOI % slope, r = 0.27). Conclusion In aged individuals, CV slope correlated with muscle O2 desaturation (TOI %) rather than reduced muscle blood flow (tHb) in the ischemic phase of isometric contraction to exhaustion. No correlations were found between myoelectric manifestations of central fatigue (FD slope) and data obtained by NIRS.

关键词： Correlation between NIRS sEMG during muscle contraction

Dissecting the effect of soil on plant phenology and berry transcriptional plasticity in two Italian grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.).

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Horticulture Research 2023年第5期10卷 178-192页

作者： Alessandro Vannozzi corrado Perin Fabio Palumbo Marco Sandri Paola Zuccolotto Sara Zenoni Silvia Farinati Gianni Barcaccia Massimo Pindo Paolo Sonego Alessandro Cestaro Margherita Lucchin Department of Agronomy FoodNatural resourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)University of Padova Agripolis35020 LegnaroItaly Department of biotechnology University of VeronaI-37034VeronaItaly Big&Open Data Innovation Laboratory University of Brescia25122 BresciaItaly Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Machvia E.Mach 138010San Michele all’AdigeItaly

Grapevine embodies a fascinating species as regards phenotypic plasticity and genotype-per-environment *** terroir,namely the set of agri-environmental factors to which a variety is subjected,can influence the phenotype at the physiological,molecular,and biochemical level,representing an important phenomenon connected to the typicality of *** investigated the determinants of plasticity by conducting a field-experiment where all terroir variables,except soil,were kept as constant as *** isolated the effect of soils collected from different areas,on phenology,physiology,and transcriptional responses of skin and flesh of a red and a white variety of great economic value:Corvina and *** results,together with physio-phenological parameters,suggest a specific effect of soil on grapevine plastic response,highlighting a higher transcriptional plasticity of Glera in respect to Corvina and a marked response of skin compared to *** a novel statistical approach,we identified clusters of plastic genes subjected to the specific influence of *** findings could represent an issue of applicative value,posing the basis for targeted agricultural practices to enhance the desired characteristics for any soil/cultivar combination,to improve vineyards management for a better resource usage and to valorize vineyards uniqueness maximizing the terroir-effect.

关键词： soil plasticity effect

Aortic stenosis： insights on pathogenesis and clinical implications

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第6期13卷 489-498页

作者： Patrizia Carita Giuseppe Coppola Giuseppina Novo Giuseppa Caccamo Marco Guglielmo FabioBalasus Salvatore Novo Sebastiano Castrovinci Marco Moscarelli Khalil Fattouch Egle corrado University Hospital Paolo Giaccone Palermo Italy Cardiac Unit Buccheri La Ferla Hospital Fatebenefratelli Palermo Italy Centro Cardiologico Monzino Milan Italy Cardiac Unit Sant'Elia Hospital Caltanissetta Italy Department of Cardiovascular Surgery GVM Care and Research Maria Eleonora Hospital Palermo Italy Department of Cardiovascular Surgery GVM Care and Research Anthea Hospital Bari Italy

Aortic stenosis （AS） is a common valvular heart disease in the Western populations, with an estimated overall prevalence of 3% in adults over 75 years. To understand its patho-biological processes represents a priority. In elderly patients, AS usually involves trileaflet valves and is referred to as degenerative calcific processes. Scientific evidence suggests the involvement of an active ＂atherosclerosis-like＂ pathogenesis in the initiation phase of degenerative AS. To the contrary, the progression could be driven by different forces （such as mechanical stress, genetic factors and interaction between inflammation and calcification）. The improved understanding presents potentially new therapeutic targets for preventing and inhibiting the development and progression of the disease. Furthermore, in clinical practice the management of AS patients implies the evaluation of generalized atherosclerotic manifestations （i.e., in the coronary and carotid arteries） even for prognostic reasons. In counselling elderly patients, the risk stratification should address individual frailty beyond the generic risk scores. In these regard, the co-morbidities, and in particular those linked to the global atherosclerotic burden, should be carefully investigated in order to define the risk/benefit ratio for invasive treatment strategies. We present a detailed overview of insights in pathogenesis of AS with possible practical implications.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Clinical implications Degenerative aortic stenosis Pathogenesis The elderly

Arrhythmic Risk in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair for Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第1期16卷 85-94页

作者： Pietro Paolo Tamborrino corrado Di Mambro Cecilia Marcolin Walter Vignaroli Giulia Cafiero Gianluca Brancaccio Sonia Albanese Massimo Stefano Silvetti Adriano Carotti Fabrizio Drago Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Arrhythmia Unit Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac SurgeryBambino GesùChildren’s HospitalIRCCSRomeItaly European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Disease of the Heart Paediatric Cardiac Surgery Unit Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac SurgeryBambino GesùChildren’s HospitalIRCCSRomeItaly Sport Medicine Unit Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiac SurgeryBambino GesùChildren’s HospitalIRCCSRomeItaly

Introduction:While previous studies only focused on the arrhythmic risk associated with specific correction strategies,this study evaluates this risk in a large cohort of paediatric patients with all phenotypes of PA-IVS after surgical ***:In this single centre observational cohort study,we retrospectively evaluated 165 patients with a diagnosis of PA-IVS and we excluded those with an exclusively percutaneous treatment,patients lost or with insufficient follow-up and those affected by other arrhythmic *** history and clinical outcomes were ***:86 patients were included in the study(54 male[62.8%],mean age 16.4±6.1 years),with median follow-up from definitive repair of 12.8 years(6.4–18.9 years).They underwent three different final repairs:23 patients(26.7%)univentricular palliation,43(50%)biventricular correction,and 20(23.3%)one and a half ventricle *** patients(15%)developed arrhythmia:6 patients(all the subgroups)sinus node disfunction(SND);2(biventricular repair)premature ventricular complexes;2(one and a half ventricle repair)non-sustained ventricular tachycardia;1(biventricular repair)intra-atrial re-entrant tachycardia;1(one and a half ventricle repair)supraventricular tachyarrhythmia;1(biventricular repair)atrial *** patients with SND needed a pacemaker *** Fontan circulation showed an association with SND,while the other two groups heterogeneous types of ***:The low arrhythmic risk is related to surgical repair,it does not appear to be associated with native cardiomyopathy,and it appears to increase with length of follow *** follow-up in specialized centres is necessary to make an early diagnosis and to manage the potential haemodynamic impact at medium-long term.

关键词： Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum arrhythmic risk univentricular palliation Fontan circulation biventricular repair one and a half repair

Volatile organic compound emission and biochemical properties of degraded Ultisols ameliorated by no tillage and liming

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 597-606页

作者： Laura GIAGNONI Cosimo TAITI Paloma LEON corrado COSTA Paolo MENESATTI Rafael ESPEJO Clara GOMEZ-PACCARD Chiquinquira HONTORIA Eduardo VAZQUEZ Marta BENITO Stefano MANCUSO Giancarlo RENELLA Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and Forestry(DAGRI)University of FlorenceP.le delle Cascine 18Florence 50144(Italy) Departamento de Production Agraria E.T.S.I.AgrondmicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Complutense s/nMadrid 28040(Spain) Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e I'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria(CREA)-Unita di Ricerca per ilngegneria Agraria via della Pascolare 16Monterotondo ScaloRM 00015(Italy) Department of Soil Biogeochemistry and Soil Ecology University of BayreuthDr.Hans-Frisch-Strafie 1-3Bayreuth 95448(Germany) University of Padua Department of AgronomyFoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)Viale dell'Universita 16Legnaro 35020(Italy)

TTie Ultisols in the Rana de Canamero area in Southwest Spain showed aluminum(Al)phytotoxicity,and the clearance of natural vegetation and decades of intensive conventional agriculture caused the deplation of soil organic matter(SOM).Therefore,we studied the long-term effects of no tillage and liming using sugar beet foam(SF)and red gypsum(RG),alone or in combination,on the restoration of Ultisols affected by acidification,Al phytotoxicity,and SOM *** measured the main soil chemical properties,soil microbial biomass,soil enzyme activities involved in carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur mineralization,and the emission of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).The results indicated that liming effectively neutralized the soil acidity in the long term and,in combination with no tillage,significantly increased soil microbial biomass and enzyme ***-three VOCs were detected using the proton transfer reaction-time of flight(PTR-ToF)technique,and both liming and tillage changed the VOC emission *** greatest difference in VOC emission pattern was observed between no-tilled un-amended soils and tilled lime-amended soils,suggesting the activation of different metabolic pathways within the microbial communities of soils under different *** in VOC emission patterns could be attributed to the decomposition of carbohydrates,which were also sustained by the higher enzyme activities in the lime-amended soils.

关键词： carbohydrate decomposition degraded soils long-term field trial soil acidity soil enzyme activities soil microbial biomass soil restoration

Species Identification by Means of Mitochondrial Cytochrome <i>b</i>DNA Sequencing in Processed Anchovy, Sardine and Tuna Products

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 369-375页

作者： Anna Cutarelli Giorgio Galiero Federico Capuano Federica corrado Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno Napoli Italy

Identifying the contents of processed food products is essential to correct labelling. In processed foodstuffs, species identification through morphological analysis is difficult. Several factors hinder the identification of fish species in processed foods: proteins or other materials subjected to analysis may be denatured during heat treatments;the presence of other ingredients (e.g., olive and other vegetable oils) may interfere with the analysis. Consequently, possible frauds perpetrated by replacing valuable species with less precious ones may go undetected. In most processed samples (e.g. canned products), DNA is degraded into small fragments, which considerably reduces the sensitivity of molecular analysis. The main goal of our research was to develop an analytical method able to identify fish species in highly processed products, such as canned fish. The assay was developed by combining an effective method of DNA recovery from samples with the detection of small-sized sequences of the mitochondrial Cytb gene. This method appears particularly suitable when morphological characterization is difficult, to carry out such as in canned products where DNA is degraded or present in small quantities. We have analyzed 60 samples of seafood commercial products identifying 3 different genera and five different species. All analyzed samples revealed a correct species declaration, for one sample we highlighted important commercial fraud. We also used bio-informatic identification systems for the Sequence Alignment and the construction of phylogenetic tree to better confirm the revealed fraud.

关键词： Species Identification Processed Seafood Commercial Fraud Dna Sequencing Cytochrome b (Cytb)

Increasing the Energy Efficiency of Air Jet Weaving Based on a Novel Method to Exploit Energy Savings Potentials in Production Processes of the Textile Industry

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2016年第1期5卷 26-34页

作者： corrado Grassi Achim Schroter Yves-Simon Gloy Thomas Gries ITA GmbH Aachen 52074 Germany Institute for Textile Technology RWTH Aachen University Aachen 52074 Germany

This article deals with the energy efficiency of textile weaving machines. A method based on exergy balances has been developed at the Institute for Textile Technology RWTH Aachen University （ITA）, Aachen, Germany in order to improve energy efficiency textile machines. The relay nozzles of the air-jet weaving technology need up to 80% of the energy of the weaving machine. At ITA, a new nozzle concept was developed. The developed geometry is a so called High-Volume-Low-Pressure nozzle （HVLP nozzle）, based on convergent nozzle aerodynamic theory. With this concept, energy savings up to 30% are possible.

关键词： Energy efficiency air jet weaving relay nozzle energy consumption.

A Feasibility Study for New Transport Connections between Italy and Algeria

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第7期11卷 691-700页

作者： Antonio Pratelli Massimiliano Petri corrado Rindone Fracescalberto de Bari LOGIT-Laboratory University of Pisa Leghorn 57128 Italy Department of Civil Engineering Energy Environment and Materials Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria Reggio Calabria 89124 Italy

The present study is part of the Executive Scientific Project 2 in the ItalMed Project which aims to elaborate a feasibility study for new transport connections between Italy and Algeria. The main objectives of the study are to increase the degree of economic integration between the two countries and improve commercial exchanges and direct investments in Algeria by Italian private companies. Moreover, the study tries to promote Italy＇s role as logistic platform for Mediterranean Countries along the east-west and north-south corridors and to improve the capacity of Italian regions to manage international cooperation programs on transport and logistics, finally, to support regional entrepreneurship in the foreign services sector.

关键词： Freight stated preference potential demand cost model