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Functional group richness increases multifunctionality in intensively managed grasslands

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Grassland Research 2023年第3期2卷 225-240页

作者： Laura Argens Caroline Brophy Wolfgang W.Weisser Sebastian meyer Terrestrial Ecology Research Group Department for Life Science SystemsSchool of Life SciencesTechnical University of MunichFreisingGermany School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College DublinDublinIreland

Background:Agricultural yields have increased continuously over the last few ***,a focus solely on production can harm the *** of agriculture has been suggested to increase production and *** experiments showed positive effects on ecosystems and ***,application of these results to intensively managed grasslands has been questioned due to differences in plant species and management *** on whether diversity can benefit multifunctionality,that is,an integrated index of multiple ecosystem functions,under intensive management,is still ***:To address this,we manipulated plant species richness from one to six species spanning three functional groups(legumes,herbs,and grasses)in intensively managed multispecies grassland leys and examined seven ecosystem ***:We found that multifunctionality increased with functional group and species ***+herb mixtures showed high multifunctionality,while grass monocultures and mixtures with high proportions of grasses had low *** plant species and plant communities drove different ecosystem *** and herbs improved productivity and water availability,while grasses enhanced invasion *** results indicate that multifunctionality and individual ecosystem functions can be promoted through targeted combinations of plants with complementary ecological ***:Plant diversity can improve multifunctionality also under intensive management,potentially benefitting agroeconomics and sustainability.

关键词： biodiversity ecosystem functions intensively managed grassland Legacy Network(LegacyNet) multifunctionality

Formation of carbon and oxygen rich surface layer on high purity magnesium by atmospheric carbon dioxide plasma

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 88-99页

作者： Gyoung G.Jang Sinchul Yeom Jong K.Keum Mina Yoon Harry III meyer Yi-Feng Su Jiheon Jun Manufacturing Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL)One Bethel Valley RoadPO Box 2008MS6054Oak RidgeTN 37831United States Material Science and Technologies Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL)One Bethel Valley RoadOak RidgeTN 37831United States Neutron Scattering Division&Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences ORNLOne Bethel Valley RoadOak RidgeTN 37831United States Chemical Sciences Division ORNLOne Bethel Valley RoadOak RidgeTN 37831United States

Carbon and oxygen-rich corrosion barrier layer formed on Mg by a simple and scalable CO_(2) atmospheric plasma(CO_(2)-AP)*** reactive CO_(2)-AP interacts with the Mg surface and forms a unique layered structure with the top MgCO_(3)/MgO-intermixed particulates pillars and the bottom dense *** surface features were simultaneously formed on the nano-/micro-structured MgO layer by carbonate molecules,plasma-active CO_(2) molecules,and/or other volatile organic compounds on the nano-/micro-structured MgO particle *** resulting surfaces after CO_(2)-AP were either hydrophobic or hydrophilic and exhibited lower anodic current or high resistance for Mg *** the hydrophobic surfaces of CO_(2)-AP treated Mg,molecular dynamic simulations were performed to understand the origin of hydrophobicity and identified that the amorphous carbon layers formed on the Mg surface are the *** environmentally benign abundant-gas-based process enables the cost reduction associated with waste treatment,generation of by-product,and supply of raw material.

关键词： Atmospheric plasma Magnesium Corrosion protection Surface modification

Predictors of rebleeding and in-hospital mortality in patients with nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第18期7卷 2687-2703页

作者： Daniela cornelia Lazar Sorin Ursoniu Adrian Goldis Department of Internal Medicine I University Medical ClinicUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes"Timisoara 300041Timis CountyRomania Department of Public Health and Health Management University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes"Timisoara 300041Timis CountyRomania Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes"Timisoara 300041Timis CountyRomania

BACKGROUND Nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding (NVUDB) represents a severe emergency condition and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite a decrease in the incidence due to the widespread use of potent therapy with proton pump inhibitors as well as the implementation of modern endoscopic techniques, the mortality rate associated with NVUDB is still high. AIM To identify the clinical, biological, and endoscopic parameters associated with a poor outcome in patients with NVUDB to allow the stratification of risk, which will lead to the implementation of the most accurate management. METHODS We performed a retrospective study including patients who were admitted to the Gastroenterology Department of Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Romania, with a diagnosis of NVUDB between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016. All the data were collected from the patient’s records, including demographic data, medication history, hemodynamic status, paraclinical tests, and endoscopic features as well as the methods of hemostasis, rate of rebleeding, need for surgery and death;we also assessed the Rockall score of the patients, length of hospitalization and associated comorbidities. All these parameters were evaluated as potential risk factors associated with rebleeding and death in patients with *** We included a batch of 1581 patients with NVUDB, including 523 (33%) females and 1058 (67%) males with a median age of 66 years. The main cause of NVUDB was peptic ulcer (73% of patients). More than one-third of the patients needed endoscopic treatment. Rebleeding rate was 7.72%;surgery due to failure of endoscopic hemostasis was needed in 3.22% of cases;the in-hospital mortality rate was 8.09%, and the bleeding-episode-related mortality rate was 2.97%. Although our predictive models for rebleeding and death had a low sensitivity, the specificity was very high, suggesting a better discriminative capacity for identifying patients with better out

关键词： Nonvariceal upper digestive bleeding Risk factors Rebleeding Death Outcome

Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761^® Improves Central Vestibular Vertigo in Patients Undergoing Vestibular Exercises: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2022年第3期13卷 91-102页

作者： Wolfgang Heide Birgit Adlung cornelia Körtke Robert Hoerr Department of Neurology General Hospital Celle Celle Germany Private Practice for Radiology Bad Zwischenahn Germany Private Practice for Neurology Lübeck-St. Lorenz Süd Germany Research & Development Dr. Willmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. KG Karlsruhe Germany

Background: Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® is widely used to treat various types of vertigo. Aims: An exploratory trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EGb 761® in addition to vestibular exercises in central vestibular vertigo caused by vertebro-basilar ischaemia. Subjects and Methods: In this randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, 40 patients were enrolled in the vertigo clinic of a neurological university hospital and treated with daily doses of 240 mg EGb 761® or placebo for a period of 180 days. All patients regularly performed vestibular exercises in addition. Efficacy was assessed using: a visual analogue scale for the patients to rate the overall intensity of vertigo;a numeric scale for physician-rated change;a vertigo score based on intensity, duration, and frequency of vertigo;and electronystagmography. Results: Until day 180, the mean patient-rated intensity of vertigo decreased by 46% during EGb 761® treatment and by 19% with placebo (p ® group compared to the placebo group. Nystagmus or other eye movement disorders were present only in small subgroups of patients without sufficient statistical power to detect differences between treatment groups. Conclusions: EGb 761® alleviated vertigo caused by ischaemic lesions in the brainstem or cerebellum in patients undergoing vestibular exercises.

关键词： Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761® Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) Vertigo Dizziness Vestibular Exercises

Mechanically induced phase transformation of zinc sulfide

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： cornelia Damm Patrick Armstrong Christian Roβkopf Stefan Romeis Wolfgang Peukert University Erlangen-Nuremberg Institute of Particle Technology

Molecular dynamics （MD） simulations of the consecutive compression-decompression cycles ot hexagonal zinc sulfide （wurtzite） nanoparticles predict an irreversible phase transformation to the cubic *** phase transformation commences at the contact area between the particle and the inden- ter and proceeds with the number of compression cycles. Dislocations are visible for a particle size above 5nm. Results from wet grinding and dry powder compression experiments on a commercial wurtzite pigment agree qualitatively with MD simulation predictions. X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the amount of cubic polymorph in the compressed samples increases with pressure applied to the powder. In comparison with powder compression, wet milling leads to a more pronounced phase transformation. This occurs because the particles are exposed to a large number of stress events by collision with the grinding media, which leads to the formation of defects and new surface crystallites by particle fracture. According to the MD simulations, phase transformation is expected to occur preferentially in surface crystallites because they experience the highest mechanical load. Because of the phase transformation, the wet ground and compressed samples exhibit a lower photo- luminescence intensity than the feed material. In comparison with powder compression, milling reduces the photoluminescence intensity more substantially. This occurs because a higher defect concentration is formed. The defects contribute to the phase transformation and photoluminescence quenching.

关键词： Polymorph transformationZinc sulfide Molecular dynamics simulation Wet milling Powder compression

A simultaneous approach for integration of thermal energy storages in industrial processes using multiperiod heat integration

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Energy Storage and Saving 2022年第2期1卷 117-128页

作者： Simon Möhren Christian Schäfer Jörg meyer Hartmut Krause SWK E2 Institute for Energy Technology and Energy Management Hochschule Niederrhein University of Applied ScienceKrefeld47805Germany Institute of Thermal Engineering TU Bergakademie FreibergFreiberg09599Germany

In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)*** to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat *** methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and *** using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over *** paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration *** approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case *** case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two *** case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is *** total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m *** savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage *** reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.

关键词： Multiperiod heat integration Thermal energy storage Waste heat utilization Heat exchanger network Energy efficiency

Stage-specific treatment of colorectal cancer: A microRNA-nanocomposite approach

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第11期13卷 1235-1251页

作者： Adewale Oluwaseun Fadaka Taiwo Akinsoji Ashwil Klein Abram Madimabe Madiehe Mervin meyer Marshall Keyster Lucky Mashudu Sikhwivhilu Nicole Remaliah Samantha Sibuyi Department of Anesthesia Division of Pain ManagementCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH45229USA Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Biolabels NodeDepartment of BiotechnologyFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellville7535South Africa School of Medicine Southern Illinois UniversitySpringfieldIL62702USA Plant Omics Laboratory Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellville7535South Africa Nanobiotechnology Research Group Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellville7535South Africa Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeBellville7535South Africa Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Advanced Materials DivisionMintekJohannesburg2125South Africa h Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceEngineering and AgricultureUniversity of VendaThohoyandou0950South Africa

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the leading causes of cancer *** lifetime risk of developing CRC is about 5%in adult males and *** is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage,and at this point therapy has a limited impact on cure rates and long-term *** and/or improved CRC therapeutic options are *** involvement of microRNAs(miRNAs)in cancer development has been reported,and their regulation in many oncogenic pathways suggests their potent tumor suppressor *** miRNAs provide a promising therapeutic approach for cancer,challenges such as biodegradation,specificity,stability and toxicity,impede their progression into clinical *** strategies offer diverse advantages for the use of miRNAs for CRC-targeted delivery and *** merits of using nanocarriers for targeted delivery of miRNA-formulations are presented herein to highlight the role they can play in miRNA-based CRC therapy by targeting different stages of the disease.

关键词： Colorectal cancer microRNA Nanotechnology Nanocarriers OncomiRs TSmiRs

Degradation of 3D-printed magnesium phosphate ceramics in vitro and a prognosis on their bone regeneration potential

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第1期19卷 376-391页

作者： Gefel Eugen Moseke Claus Schmitt Anna-Maria Dümmler Niklas Stahlhut Philipp Ewald Andrea meyer-Lindenberg Andrea Vorndran Elke Institute and Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry University Clinic WuerzburgWuerzburgGermany Institute for Biomedical Engineering(IBMT) University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen(THM)Wiesenstraße 14GießenGermany Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversitätMunichGermany

Regenerative bone implants promote new bone formation and ideally degrade simultaneously to *** clinically established calcium phosphate bone grafts provide excellent osseointegration and osteoconductive efficacy,they are limited in terms of *** phosphate(MP)based ceramics are a promising alternative,because they are biocompatible,mechanically extremely stable,and degrade much faster than calcium phosphates under physiological *** of an implant material can include both chemical dissolution as well as cellular *** investigated the bioresorption of 3D powder printed struvite and newberyite based MP ceramics in vitro by a direct human osteoclast culture *** osteoclast response and cellular resorption was evaluated by means of fluorescence and TRAP staining,determination of osteoclast activities(CA II and TRAP),SEM imaging as well as by quantification of the ion release during cell ***,the bioactivity of the materials was investigated via SBF immersion,whereas hydroxyapatite precipitates were analyzed by SEM and EDX *** bioactive coating was resorbed by *** contrast,only chemical dissolution contributed to bioresorption of MP,while no cellular resorption of the materials was *** on our results,we expect an increased bone regeneration effect of MP compared to calcium phosphate based bone grafts and complete chemical degradation within a maximum of 1.5-3.1 years.

关键词： Newberyite Struvite Bioresorption Ceramic bone implants Human osteoclasts Bioactivity

Robotic Transthoracic First Rib Resection for Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2022年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Farid Gharagozloo Mark meyer Center for Advanced Thoracic Surgery Advent Health Celebration University of Central Florida Celebration USA

Purpose: Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome accounts for over 95% of patients with TOS. We report a single institution experience with robotic first rib resection in patients with Neurogenic TOS. Methods: The diagnosis of NTOS was made in patients in whom all specific localizing and diagnostic orthopedic and neurologic conditions were ruled out. Preoperative diagnostic tests included a comprehensive history and physical exam, Chest X-ray, Chest CT, MRI if the cervical spine, Nerve conduction studies, and Magnetic Resonance angiography of the Thoracic outlet with arm maneuvers (MRA). Patients with NTOS who underwent robotic first rib resection with disarticulation of the costosternal joint and scalenectomy. Results: There were 137 patients (47 men and 90 women). Mean age was 34 ± 9.5 years. Operative time was 93 minutes ± 10.3 minutes. There were no intraoperative complications. There was no injury to the subclavian vessels during the dissection. There were no neurovascular complications. There was no 30 or 90 day mortality. Quick DASH Scores (Mean ± SEM) decreased from 60.3+/2.1 preoperatively to 5 ± 2.3 in the immediate postoperative period, and 3.5+/1.1 at 6 months. (P < 0.01) Immediate relief of symptoms was seen in all patients (100%). Complete relief of symptoms was seen in 133/137 (97%) of patients. Conclusions: Robotic resection of the medial aspect of the first rib with disarticulation of the costo-sternal joint is associated with excellent relief of neurologic symptoms in patients with Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome.

关键词： Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Neurogenic Robotic Surgery Minimally Invasive Surgery