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Optimal control and energy storage for DC electric train systems using evolutionary algorithms

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第4期29卷 327-335页

作者： Sam Nallaperuma David Fletcher Robert harrison University of Cambridge CambridgeUK University of Sheffield SheffieldUK

Electrified railways are becoming a popular transport medium and these consume a large amount of electrical *** concerns demand reduction in energy use and peak power demand of railway ***,high transmission losses in DC railway systems make local storage of energy an increasingly attractive *** optimisation framework based on genetic algorithms is developed to optimise a DC electric rail network in terms of a comprehensive set of decision variables including storage size,charge/discharge power limits,timetable and train driving style/trajectory to maximise benefits of energy storage in reducing railway peak power and energy *** results for the considered real-world networks show a reduction of energy consumption in the range 15%–30%depending on the train driving style,and reduced power peaks.

关键词： Autonomous control Intelligent transport systems Energy optimisation DC railway systems Energy regeneration

Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Purple Acid Phosphatase Gene （MtPAP1） from Medicago truncatula Barrel Medic

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第2期48卷 204-211页

作者： Kai Xiao Maria harrison Zeng-Yu Wang College of Agronomy Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071001 China Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-1801 USA Forage Improvement Division The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Ardmore OK 73401 USA

A novel purple acid phosphatase gene （MtPAP1） was Isolated from the model legume Medicago truncatula Barrel Medic. The cDNA was 1 698 bp In length with an open reading frame （ORF） of 1 398 bp capable of encoding an N-terminal signal peptlde of 23 amino acids. The transcripts of MtPAP1 were mainly detected In leaves under high-phosphate conditions, whereas under low-phosphate conditions the transcript level was reduced In leaves and Increased In roots, with the strongest hybridization signal detected In roots. A chimeric gene construct fusing MtPAP1 and GFPwas made In which the fusion was driven by the CaMV35S promoter. Transgenlc Arabidopsis plants carrying the chimeric gene constructs showed that the fusion protein was mainly located at the apoplast based on confocal mlcroecoplc analysis, showing that MtPAP1 could be secreted to the outside of the cell directed by the signal peptlde at the N-terminal. The coding region of MtPAP1 without signal peptlde was Inserted Into the prokaryotlc expression vector pET-30a （＋） and overexpressed In Escherichla coil BL21 （DE3）. The acid phosphatase （APase） proteins extracted from bacterial culture were found largely based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyecrylamlde gel electrophoresls. An enzyme activity assay demonstrated that the APase activity In the transformed bacteria was 3.16-fold higher than that of control. The results Imply that MtPAP1 functions to Improve phosphorus acquisition In plants under conditions of phosphorus （P） stress.

关键词： gene cloning gene expression MtPAP1.

Hexagonal connectivity maps for Digital Earth

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第9期8卷 750-769页

作者： Ali Mahdavi-Amiri Erika harrison Faramarz Samavati Department of Computer Science University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Geospatial data are gathered through a variety of different *** integration and handling of such datasets within a Digital Earth framework are very important in many aspects of science and *** means of addressing these tasks is to use a Discrete Global Grid System and map points of the Earth’s surface to *** indexing mechanism is needed to access the data and handle data queries within these *** this paper,we present a general hierarchical indexing mechanism for hexagonal cells resulting from the refinement of triangular spherical polyhedra representing the *** this work,we establish a 2D hexagonal coordinate system and diamond-based hierarchies for hexagonal cells that enables efficient determination of hierarchical relationships for various hexagonal refinements and demonstrate its usefulness in Digital Earth frameworks.

关键词： Digital Earth framework hexagonal subdivision indexing triangulation hierarchy multiresolution

Reduced texaphyrin:A ratiometric optical sensor for heavy metals in aqueous solution

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 19-27页

作者： harrison D.Root Gregory Thiabaud Jonathan L.Sessler Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712-1224USA

We report here a water-soluble metal cation sensor system based on the as-prepared or reduced form of an expanded porphyrin,*** metal complexation,a change in the redox state of the ligand occurs that is accompanied by a color change from red to *** long employed for synthesis in organic media,we have now found that this complexation-driven redox behavior may be used to achieve the naked eye detectable colorimetric sensing of several number of less-common metal ions in aqueous *** to In(Ⅲ),Hg(Ⅱ),Cd(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ),Bi(Ⅲ),Co(Ⅱ),and Pb(Ⅱ)cations leads to a colorimetric response within 10 *** process is selective for Hg(Ⅱ)under conditions of competitive ***,among the subset of responseproducing cations,In(Ⅲ)proved unique in giving rise to a ratiometric change in the ligand-based fluorescence features,including an overall increase in *** cation selectivity observed in aqueous media stands in contrast to what is seen in organic solvents,where a wide range of texaphyrin metal complexes may be *** formation of metal cation complexes under the present aqueous conditions was confirmed by reversed phase highperformance liquid chromatography,ultra-violet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies,and highresolution mass spectrometry.

关键词： texaphyrin fluorescent sensor ion-sensing indium mercury

In Silico Analysis of Crop Science:Report on the First China-UK Workshop on Chips,Computers and Crops

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2008年第3期6卷 190-198页

作者： Ming Chen Andrew harrison Department of Bioinformatics / State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Departments of Mathematical Sciences ＆ Biological Sciences University of Essex Colchester CO4 3SQ UK.

A workshop on ＂Chips, Computers and Crops＂ was held in Hangzhou, China during September 26-27, 2008. The main objective of the workshop was to bring together China and UK scientists from mathematics, bioinformatics and plant molecular biology communities to exchange ideas, enhance awareness of each others＇ fields, explore synergisms and make recommendations on fruitful future directions in crop science. Here we describe the contributions to the workshop, and examine some conceptual issues that lie at the foundations and future of crop systems biology.

关键词： systems biology functional genomics plant chip computer crop

Reliable off-grid power supply utilizing green hydrogen

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Clean Energy 2021年第3期5卷 441-446页

作者： Oliver Borm Stephen B.harrison sbh4 GmbH Kranzlstraße 2182538 GeretsriedGermany

Green hydrogen produced from wind,solar or hydro power is a suitable electricity storage *** is typically employed as mid-to long-term energy storage,whereas batteries cover short-term energy *** hydrogen can be produced by any available electrolyser technology[alkaline electrolysis cell(AEC),polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM),anion exchange membrane(AEM),solid oxide electrolysis cell(SOEC)]if the electrolysis is fed by renewable *** the electrolysis operates under elevated pressure,the simplest way to store the gaseous hydrogen is to feed it directly into an ordinary pressure vessel without any external *** most efficient way to generate electricity from hydrogen is by utilizing a fuel *** fuel cells seem to be the most favourable way to do *** increase the capacity factor of fuel cells and electrolysers,both functionalities can be integrated into one device by using the same *** this article,different reversible technologies as well as their advantages and readiness levels are presented,and their potential limitations are also discussed.

关键词： green hydrogen microgrid stand-alone power system SAPS hydrogen storage electrolysis fuel cells AEC PEM AEM SOEC

Trombe walls with nanoporous aerogel insulation applied to UK housing refurbishments

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2014年第4期5卷 283-303页

作者： Mark Dowson David harrison Zahir Dehouche Buro Happold Ltd LondonUK School of Engineering and Design Brunel UniversityLondonUK

There is an opportunity to improve the efficiency of passive Trombe walls and active solar air collectors by replacing their conventional glass covers with lightweight polycarbonate panels filled with nanoporous aerogel *** study investigates the thermal performance,energy savings,and financial payback period of passive Aerogel Trombe walls applied to the existing UK housing *** parametric modeling,a series of design guidance tables have been generated,providing estimates of the energy savings and overheating risk associated with applying areas of Trombe wall to four different house types across the UK built to six notional construction *** energy savings range from 183 kWh/m2/year for an 8 m2 system retrofitted to a solid walled detached house to 62 kWh/m2/year for a 32 m2 system retrofitted to a super insulated *** energy savings from Trombe walls up to 24 m2 are found to exceed the energy savings from external insulation across all house types and *** areas of Trombe wall can provide a useful energy contribution without creating a significant overheating *** larger areas are to be installed,then detailed calculations would be recommended to assess and mitigate potential overheating issues.

关键词： silica aerogel nanoporous insulation energy harvesting solar wall Passivhaus

Recycling of waste glass as aggregate in cement-based materials

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2020年第4期4卷 39-46页

作者： Edward harrison Aydin Berenjian Mostafa Seifan School of Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringThe University of WaikatoHamiltonNew Zealand

Glass is a common material made from natural resources such as *** much of the waste glass is recycled to make new glass products,a large proportion is still being sent to *** is a useful resource that is non-biodegradable,occupying valuable landfill *** combat the waste glass that is heading to landfill,alternative recycling forms need to be *** construction industry is one of the largest CO_(2) emitters in the world,producing up to 8% of the global CO_(2) to produce *** use of sand largely depletes natural resources for the creation of mortars or *** review explores the possibilities of incorporating waste glass into cement-based *** was found waste glass is unsuitable as a raw material replacement to produce clinker and as a coarse aggregate,due to a liquid state being produced in the kiln and the smooth surface area,*** results were found when incorporating fine particles of glass in cement-based materials due to the favourable pozzolanic reaction which benefits the mechanical *** was found that 20% of cement can be replaced with waste glass of 20 mm without detrimental effects on the mechanical *** higher than 30% can cause negative impacts as insufficient amounts of CaCO_(3) remain to react with the silica from the glass,known as the dilution *** the fine aggregate replacement for waste glass increases over 20%,the mechanical properties decrease proportionally;however,up to 20% has similar results to traditionally mixes.

关键词： Waste glass Fine aggregate Sand replacement Pozzolanic reactivity Cement Recycling alternative

Signaling events during initiation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 250-261页

作者： Alexa M.Schmitz Maria J.harrison Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell University

Under nutrient-limiting conditions, plants will enter into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi for the enhancement of mineral nutrient acquisition from the surrounding soil. AM fungi live in close, intracellular association with plant roots where they transfer phosphate and nitrogen to the plant in exchange for carbon. They are obligate fungi, relying on their host as their only carbon source. Much has been discovered in the last decade concerning the signaling events during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including the identification of signaling molecules generated by both partners. This signaling occurs through symbiosis-specific gene products in the host plant, which are indispensable for normal AM development. At the same time, plants have adapted complex mechanisms for avoiding infection by pathogenic fungi, including an innate immune response to general microbial molecules, such as chitin present in fungal cell walls. How it is that AM fungal colonization is maintained without eliciting a defensive response from the host is still uncertain. In this review, we present a summary of the molecular signals and their elicited responses during initiation of the AM symbiosis, including plant immune responses and their suppression.

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi chitin chitooligosaccharide cutin LysM MAMP-triggered immunity Myc-LCO Nod factor strigolactones symbiosis