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Reproductive ecology of the black rat (Rattus rattus) in Madagascar: the influence of density-dependent and -independent effects

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 66-86页

作者： Kathryn SCOBIE Soanandrasana RAHELINIRINA Voahangy SOARIMALALA Fehivola Mandanirina ANDRIAMIARIMANANA corinne RAHAINGOSOAMAMITIANA Toky RANDRIAMORIA Soloandry RAHAJANDRAIBE Xavier LAMBIN Minoarisoa RAJERISON Sandra TELFER School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeenUK Plague Unit Institut Pasteur de MadagascarAntananarivoMadagascar Association Vahatra AntananarivoMadagascar

The black rat(Rattus rattus)poses a severe threat to food security and public health in Madagascar,where it is a major cause of pre-and post-harvest crop losses and an important reservoir for many zoonotic diseases,including plague.Elsewhere,ecologically based rodent management(EBRM)strategies have been developed using ecologi-cal information to inform decisions on where and when to target control.EBRM could deliver improved health and well-being outcomes in Madagascar if adapted to the local ecological context.Using data collected from removal studies,we explored spatio-temporal patterns in the breeding activity of the black rat(R.rattus)in domestic and agricultural habitats across Madagascar and investigated to what extent these trends are influenced by rainfall and rat density.We identified clear spatio-temporal variation in the seasonality of R.rattus reproduction.Reproduction was highly seasonal both inside and outside of houses,but seasonal trends varied between these two habitats.Sea-sonal trends were explained,in part,by variation in rainfall;however,the effect of rainfall on reproductive rates did itself vary by season and habitat type.A decline in breeding intensity with increasing rat density was recorded outside of houses.This has important implications for control,as populations may compensate for removal through increased reproduction.We recommend that sustained control initiated before the main breeding season,combined with improved hygiene and adequate rodent-proofing in homes and grain stores,could curtail population growth and reduce pre-and post-harvest losses provided that these measures overcome the compensatory response of rodent populations.

关键词： Madagascar Rattus rattus reproductive ecology rodent control

Faith and Belief in Autism in Cote d’Ivoire: About Judith, God’s Strange Gift

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Anna-corinne Bissouma Lawrence Yapi Center Marguerite Té Bonle National Institut of Public Health Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Psychology Department Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Faced with autism, motherhood and parenthood are turned upside down in many ways. Coping with stress and mental health problems, continuing to assume a rewarding parental role and finding suitable care are the trials and tribulations that mark out the journey of African parents. Faith and belief have been described as providing meaning and coping mechanisms in the frightening ordeal of disability. An encounter with a young girl and her parents provided an opportunity to analyse the mother’s experience and the impact of beliefs and discourses on her commitment to care. Based on this clinical story, we discuss the place of other-actors (parents and carers) and the Other-God in relation to the psychopathological dynamics of the mother.

关键词： Maternal Autism Belief Other Cote d’Ivoire

A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global climate.In September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS satellite.Based on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were characterized.Significant increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air quality.Emission factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous studies.Changes in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and discussed.Moreover,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission inventories.Current biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and emissions.For instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant overestimation.Considering that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

Costs of Schizophrenia at Psychiatric Hospital of Bingerville (Ivory Coast)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Madjara Anoumatacky Anna-corinne Bissouma Drissa Kone Laboratory of Biology and Health Department of Biosciences Félix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Mental Health Program Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Centre Marguerite Té-Bonlé National Institute of Public Health Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Medical Sciences Félix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Schizophrenia is classified as a priority mental disorder by the World Health Organization (WHO) and accounts for around 35% of diagnoses at the Bingerville Psychiatric Hospital (HPB). The aims of the study were to identify the cost drivers for hospitalization and to calculate the costs of managing schizophrenia in hospital, with a view to planning household expenditure on care. This pilot cross-sectional study involved 31 patients with schizophrenia who had been hospitalized in the various third-category wards at the HPB between 1st January 2019 and 31st May 2020. Sampling was accidental. The methods used to estimate costs were based on the actual costs of drugs, hospitalization and additional examinations which prices were known, and on patients’ estimations for certain expenses such as food and transport. Results: The sex ratio was 3.42, the mean age was 29.52 years. The mean length of stay was 46.19 days, and the most frequent clinical forms were paranoid schizophrenia (41.9%) and schizoaffective disorder (29%). The combination of haloperidol and chlorpromazine was the most common medications for initial treatment (67.8%) and maintenance treatment (41.9%). The average cost of hospitalization at HPB for schizophrenia was XOF 164,412 (€249.90). The average direct medical cost was XOF 105,412 (€160.226) and the average direct non-medical cost was XOF 59,000 (€89.68). The average daily cost of antipsychotic treatment was XOF 795/day (€1.2084). The high cost of drugs as a proportion of hospitalization costs suggested the need of a reflection on the simplification of prescribing practices, assistance in psychiatric emergencies and the development of other alternatives to psychiatric hospitalization in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Schizophrenia Cost Hospitalization HPB Côte d’Ivoire

含二硫化硒洗发水对中-重度头皮脂溢性皮炎外用糖皮质激素/水杨酸治疗后的疗效维持作用

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中华皮肤科杂志 2024年第5期57卷 483-484页

作者： Philippe Massiot Pascal Reygagne corinne Chagnoleau Leila Kanoun-Copy Florence Pouradier Geneviève Loussouarn Catherine Queille-Roussel Hussein Jouni Delphine Kerob L'Oréal Research and Innovation Saint-Ouen France. Centre Sabouraud Hôpital Saint-Louis 1 avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75010 Paris France. CPCAD Hôpital l'Archet Nice France. L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois France. Cosmetic Active International Levallois-Perret France.

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与... 详细信息

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与亲脂性马拉色菌定植增加以及遗传、环境和全身健康状况等因素相关,上述因素共同导致皮脂腺代谢活动异常、皮脂成分改变、表皮屏障功能障碍,最终加重炎症反应。

关键词：头皮脂溢性皮炎二硫化硒洗发水亲脂性炎症反应马拉色菌皮脂腺黏着性

The Effect of a Novel Complex, Composed of Ceramide, Energizing Peptide and Camu Camu Extract, on Epidermal Barrier Function and Dermal Antiaging Properties in Ex Vivo Human Skin Small Live Cohort

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2024年第1期14卷 1-11页

作者： Landau Marina Landau-Blum Shir Samuel Kassirer Audrey Le Mestr Armelle Perrin Julien Verdon Laurine Bergeron corinne Morel Isabelle Imbert Arena Dermatology Herzliya Israel American Medical Program Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv-Yafo Israel Ashland Ashland Specialty Ingredients Sophia Antipolis France

The skin’s primary function is to protect the body against a spectrum of environmental stressors, including mechanical insults, microorganisms, chemicals, and allergens. Located in the outermost layers, the primary structures and components responsible for the skin’s barrier function are susceptible to environmental variables, dermatological conditions, and the aging process. The ensuing alterations to structure, composition, and organizational attributes of the epidermal barrier can impact its integrity and functionality. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a novel complex composed of a ceramide, energizing peptide, and Camu Camu extract (SUPCERATTM complex) on specific markers of epidermal barrier integrity, as well as epidermal and dermal function. All the experiments were conducted on fresh human abdominal skin explants. Intradermal production of hyaluronic acid, epidermal claudin-1, and ceramide synthase 3 expressions, as well as epidermal lipids content were assessed using specific fluorescent stainings on ex vivo skin after the application of the complex or placebo. Additionally, dermal elastase and collagenase activities were assessed using in tubo enzymatic assays. Lastly, the effect of a cosmetic cream containing SUPCERATTM complex was assessed using subjective Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) in a small cohort of patients after 60 days of use. The application of the SUPCERATTM complex on ex vivo skin led to significant increase in dermal hyaluronic acid content and epidermal activity of claudin-1, ceramide synthase 3 and epidermal ceramide content. Furthermore, in tubo enzymatic assays demonstrated inhibition of both dermal elastase and collagenase activities. In addition, the patient-reported results indicated significant improvements in skin quality and appearance. .

关键词： SUPCERATTM Complex Epidermal Skin Barrier Moisturization Antiaging Ceramide Camu Camu Extract

Diatom and Diatomite: Different Focus on Natural Media to Material Science Path

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第1期15卷 1-29页

作者： Secou Sall Vasiliki Papaefthimiou Thierry Dintzer Fabrice Vigneron Eric Brendlé Pierre Petit Tom Ferte Saliha Haddoum Sana Labidi corinne Petit ICPEES UMR-CNRS 7515 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Adscientis Wittelsheim France ICS CNRS UPR 22 Strasbourg France IPCMS UMR CNRS 7504 Strasbourg University Strasbourg France Ecole Nationale Polytechnique El-Harrach Algeria

Bio-silica issued from diatom, a microalgae, is attracted increasing attention in material science thanks to its peculiar nanoarchitecture and related properties with versatile applications. The present work is a deep analysis on morphological and chemical properties of bio-silica issued from fossil origin (diatomaceous earth) and living one (algal paste). An optimization in purification protocol was performed to obtain multiparous bio-silica from its raw media with keeping its original shape entirely. Multiple characterization methods as scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (DRX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), nitrogen adsorption and inverse gas chromatography (IGC), were used to check the purification protocol efficiency as well as to gather accurate information on morphology and chemical composition of diatom material obtained in large amount.

关键词： Diatom Diatomite Bio-Silica Purification Frustule

Thermal conditioning of quail embryos has transgenerational and reversible long‑term effects

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2428-2438页

作者： Anais Vitorino Carvalho Christelle Hennequet‑Antier Romuald rouger Joel Delaveau Thierry Bordeau Sabine Crochet Nathalie Courousse Frederique Pitel Anne Collin Vincent Coustham INRAE Universite de ToursBOA37380 ToursNouzillyFrance INRAE CNRSIFCEUniversite de ToursPRC37380 ToursNouzillyFrance Universite Paris-Saclay INRAEMaIAGE78350 Jouy‑en‑JosasFrance INRAE Bioinf OmicsUniversite Paris-SaclayMIGALE Bioinformatics Facility78350 Jouy‑en‑JosasFrance SYSAAF 37380 NouzillyFrance INRAE PEAT37380 NouzillyFrance INRAE INPTENVTUniversite de ToulouseGenPhySE31326 Castanet‑TolosanFrance INRAE Universite de Pau&Pays de L’AdourNuMeAE2S UPPAAquapole64310 Saint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance

Background In the current context of global warming,thermal manipulation of avian embryos has received increasing attention as a strategy to promote heat tolerance in avian species by simply increasing the egg incubation temperature.However,because of their likely epigenetic origin,thermal manipulation effects may last more than one generation with consequences for the poultry industry.In this work,a multigenerational and transgenerational analysis of thermal manipulation during embryogenesis was performed to uncover the long-term effects of such procedure.Results Thermal manipulation repeated during 4 generations had an effect on hatchability,body weight,and weight of eggs laid in Japanese quails,with some effects increasing in importance over generations.Moreover,the effects on body weight and egg weight could be transmitted transgenerationally,suggesting non-genetic inheritance mechanisms.This hypothesis is reinforced by the observed reversion of the effect on growth after five unexposed generations.Interestingly,a beneficial effect of thermal manipulation on heat tolerance was observed a few days after hatching,but this effect was not transgenerational.Conclusions Our multigenerational study showed that thermal conditioning of quail embryos has a beneficial effect on post-hatch heat tolerance hampered by transgenerational but reversible defects on growth.Assuming that no genetic variability underlies these changes,this study provides the first demonstration of epigenetic inheritance of traits induced by environmental temperature modification associated with long-term impacts in an avian species.

关键词： Avian Embryo Programming Temperature Transgenerational inheritance

Burden of venous thromboembolism in patients with pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第19期27卷 2325-2340页

作者： corinne Frere Department of Haematology Pitie-Salpetriere HospitalAssistance Publique Hopitaux de ParisParis F-75013France INSERM UMRS_1166 Institute of Cardiometabolism And NutritionGRC 27 GRECOSorbonne UniversitéParis F-75013France Groupe Francophone Thrombose et Cancer Saint-Louis HospitalParis F-75010France

Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a devastating malignancy with fewer than 10%of patients being alive at 5 years after diagnosis.Venous thromboembolism(VTE)occurs in approximatively 20%of patients with PC,resulting in increased morbidity,mortality and significant health care costs.The management of VTE is particularly challenging in these frail patients.Adequate selection of the most appropriate anticoagulant for each individual patient according to the current international guidelines is warranted for overcoming treatment challenges.The International Initiative on Thrombosis and Cancer multi-language web-based mobile application(downloadable for free at ***)has been developed to help clinicians in decision making in the most complex situations.In this narrative review,we will discuss the contemporary epidemiology and burden of VTE in PC patients,the performances and limitations of current risk assessment models to predict the risk of VTE,as well as evidence from recent clinical trials for the primary prophylaxis and treatment of cancer-associated VTE that support updated clinical practice guidelines.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Venous thromboembolism Low-molecular weight heparin Direct oral anticoagulant Multi-language mobile application Risk-assessment models Thromboprophylaxis